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Fine-scale hydrologic modeling for regional landscape applications:the California Basin Characterization Model development and performance

引用

Ecological Processes 2013年第1期2卷 254-274页

作者： Lorraine E Flint Alan L Flint James H Thorne ryan boynton Water Resources Discipline U.S.Geological SurveyPlacer Hall6000 J StreetSacramentoCA 95819-6129USA Information Center for the Environment University of CaliforniaDavisCA95616USA

Introduction:Resource managers need spatially explicit models of hydrologic response to changes in key climatic drivers across variable landscape *** demonstrate the utility of a Basin Characterization Model for California(CA-BCM)to integrate high-resolution data on physical watershed characteristics with historical or projected climate data to predict watershed-specific hydrologic ***:The CA-BCM applies a monthly regional water-balance model to simulate hydrologic responses to climate at the spatial resolution of a 270-m *** model has been calibrated using a total of 159 relatively unimpaired watersheds for the California ***:As a result of calibration,predicted basin discharge closely matches measured data for validation *** CA-BCM recharge and runoff estimates,combined with estimates of snowpack and timing of snowmelt,provide a basis for assessing variations in water *** important output variable,climatic water deficit,integrates the combined effects of temperature and rainfall on site-specific soil moisture,a factor that plants may respond to more directly than air temperature and precipitation *** outputs are calculated for each grid cell,allowing results to be summarized for a variety of planning units including hillslopes,watersheds,ecoregions,or political ***:The ability to confidently calculate hydrologic outputs at fine spatial scales provides a new suite of hydrologic predictor variables that can be used for a variety of purposes,such as projections of changes in water availability,environmental demand,or distribution of plants and *** we present the framework of the CA-BCM model for the California hydrologic region,a test of model performance on 159 watersheds,summary results for the region for the 1981–2010 time period,and changes since the 1951–1980 time period.

关键词： Water balance Basin models Watershed hydrology Climate change Downscaling Basin characterization model

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