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一种用于检定殷钢水准尺的自动比长仪

测绘科学 1984年第6期 5-13页

作者： R.gottwald b.witte 张卫平

在预先检验水平放置的殷钢水准尺垂曲性能的基础上,设计并制造了一种自动化比长仪,运用它既可按目视法亦可按光电法校准分划线。本文在详细描述该系统之后,介绍了第一批检定成果。

关键词：滑座精确定位激光干涉仪光学干涉仪水准尺光电显微镜殷钢比长仪

Sofosbuvir-based Regimens with Task Shifting Is Cost-effective in Expanding Hepatitis C Treatment Access in the United States

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2017年第1期5卷 16-22页

作者： Channa R.Jayasekera Rachel beckerman Nathaniel Smith ryan b.Perumpail Robert J.Wong Zobair M.Younossi Aijaz Ahmed Liver Transplant Program Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyStanford University Medical CenterStanfordCaliforniaUSA Center for Innovation in Global Health Stanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA Maple Health Group LLCNew YorkNew YorkUSA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Alameda Health SystemHighland HospitalOaklandCaliforniaUSA Department of Medicine Center for Liver DiseasesInova Fairfax HospitalFalls ChurchVirginiaUSA betty and Guy beatty Center for Integrated Research Inova Health SystemFalls ChurchVirginiaUSA

background and Aims:The current paradigm of specialist physician-managed treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection(HCV)is inefficient in absorbing the approximately 3 million patients awaiting treatment in the United *** shifting—whereby specialist physicians screen patients for treatment eligibility but on-treatment monitoring is devolved to more abundant non-physician clinicians—achieves non-inferior treatment outcomes with second generation direct-acting antivirals(2^(nd)Gen DAAs),may increase treatment capacity,and may facilitate greater treatment *** determined the cost effectiveness of 2^(nd)Gen DAAs with respect to interferon-based first-generation DAAs(1^(st)Gen DAAs)within a task-shifted treatment ***:Using a previously described decision-analytic Markov structure,we modeled a hypothetical cohort of 1,000 patients with HCV genotype 1 infection over a lifetime horizon,based upon our outreach clinic's HCV treatment ***-naive and treatment-experienced HCV cohorts were modeled separately,based upon our outr8each clinic's *** response to 2^(nd)Gen DAAs was modeled based on our outreach clinic's *** events,utility,costing,and transition probabilities were sourced from the ***:Driven by improved effectiveness and safety,as well as an expected increase in treatment capacity,2^(nd)Gen DAAs treatment monitored by non-physician clinicians was projected to improve health outcomes and be dominant from a cost-effective perspective versus that of 1^(st)Gen *** were consistent across all assessed patient ***:based on an assumption of increased treatment capacity accompanying a task-shifted treatment model,2^(nd)Gen DAAs-based treatment was cost effective and cost saving as compared to 1^(st)Gen DAAs-based treatment for all HCV patient subgroups assessed.

关键词： Hepatitis C Treatment access Task shifting Cost effectiveness

Activation mechanisms of clinically distinct b-Raf V600Eand V600K mutants

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Cancer Communications 2023年第3期43卷 405-408页

作者： Mingzhen Zhang ryan Maloney Yonglan Liu Hyunbum Jang Ruth Nussinov Computational Structural biology Section Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer ResearchFrederickMDU.S.A. Cancer Innovation Laboratory National Cancer InstituteFrederickMDU.S.A. Department of Human Molecular Genetics and biochemistry Sackler School of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael

Dear Editor,b-Raf,the main effector of Ras in the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)pathway,is among the most highly mutated kinases in human cancer[1].About 40%-60%of melanoma patients harbor b-Raf mutations,of which∼90%involve V600E and V600K.b-RafV600E is more frequent(60%-80%)than b-RafV600K(10%-30%).Substitution of a Val codon by Glu requires a single nucleotide change,whereas Val to Lys requires two[2].This is in line with melanoma patients harboring the V600K mutation,who usually suffer from higher sun exposure that may induce increased DNA damage[3].Since both mutations occur at the same position of the kinase domain and are mutated to charged residues,it was believed that the b-Raf V600E and V600K mutantswould share a similar behavior,and in clinical trials,patients with V600E and V600K mutations have been recruited into the same cohort.

关键词： V600E V600 melanoma

Late immune consequences of combat trauma: A review of trauma-related immune dysfunction and potential therapies

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Military Medical Research 2019年第4期6卷 340-353页

作者： Kelly b.Thompson Luke T.Krispinsky ryan J.Stark Division of Critical Care Medicine Department of PediatricsVanderbilt University School of Medicine2200 Children’s WayNashvilleTN 37232USA Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine Department of PediatricsUniformed Services UniversityNaval Medical Center PortsmouthPortsmouthVA 23708USA

With improvements in personnel and vehicular body armor,robust casualty evacuation capabilities,and damage control resuscitation strategies,more combat casualties are surviving to reach higher levels of care throughout the casualty evacuation *** such,medical centers are becoming more accustomed to managing the deleterious late consequences of combat trauma related to the dysregulation of the immune *** this review,we aim to highlight these late consequences and identify areas for future research and therapeutic *** leads to the dysregulation of both the innate and adaptive immune responses,which places the injured at risk for several late consequences,including delayed wound healing,late onset sepsis and infection,multi-organ dysfunction syndrome,and acute respiratory distress syndrome,which are significant for their association with the increased morbidity and mortality of wounded *** mechanisms by which these consequences develop are complex but include an imbalance of the immune system leading to robust inflammatory responses,triggered by the presence of damage associated molecules and other immune-modifying agents following *** strategies to improve outcomes have been difficult to develop as the immunophenotype of injured personnel following trauma is variable,fluid and difficult to *** more information regarding the triggers that lead to immune dysfunction following trauma is elucidated,it may be possible to identify the immunophenotype of injured personnel and provide targeted treatments to reduce the late consequences of trauma,which are known to lead to significant morbidity and mortality.

关键词： Trauma Sepsis Compensatory anti-inflammatory response syndrome Persistent inflammationimmunosuppression and catabolism syndrome Immune dysfunction

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An Estimate of the Shadow Price of Water in the Southern Ogallala Aquifer

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2017年第3期9卷 289-304页

作者： ryan b. Williams Rashid Al-Hmoud Eduardo Segarra Donna Mitchell Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics Texas Tech University Lubbock TX. USA Department of Economics and Geography Texas Tech University Lubbock TX USA

In this paper, we attempt to quantify the shadow price of an additional inch of groundwater resource left in situ for the Southern Ogallala Aquifer. Previous authors have shown the degree to which the optimal resource extraction path may diverge from the competitive extraction path based upon varying assumptions. We utilize high-quality data over an unconfined groundwater resource to evaluate the validity of these results. We find that the size of the existing groundwater resource is sufficiently small to result in a divergence between the competitive and socially optimal solutions. We are also able to confirm that the model responds to changes in the parameters in a manner consistent with previous research. Finally, we arrive at a marginal user cost for an additional acre-inch of water which is relatively low, but reasonable given uncertainty about future technological improvements.

关键词： Groundwater Resource Extraction Hotelling Rule Shadow Price

Dynamic channel estimation-aware routing protocol in mobile cognitive radio networks for smart IIoT applications

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Digital Communications and Networks 2023年第2期9卷 367-382页

作者： Qusay M.Salih Md Arafatur Rahman A.Taufiq Asyhari Muhammad Kamran Naeem Mohammad Patwary ryan Alturki Mohammed Abdulaziz Ikram Faculty of Computing Universiti Malaysia Pahang26300GambangPahangMalaysia School of Engineering Computing and Mathematical SciencesUniversity of WolverhamptonUK Data Science Program Monash UniversityIndonesiaand Birmingham City UniversityB47XGUK Department of Information Science College of Computer and Information SystemsUmm Al-Qura UniversitySaudi Arabia Computer Science Department Al Jumoum University CollegeUmm Al-Qura UniversitySaudi Arabia

Cognitive Radio Networks(CRNs)have become a successful platform in recent years for a diverse range of future systems,in particularly,industrial internet of things(IIoT)*** order to provide an efficient connection among IIoT devices,CRNs enhance spectrum utilization by using licensed ***,the routing protocol in these networks is considered one of the main problems due to node mobility and time-variant channel ***,the channel selection for routing protocol is indispensable in CRNs to provide an adequate adaptation to the Primary User(PU)activity and create a robust routing *** study aims to construct a robust routing path by minimizing PU interference and routing delay to maximize throughput within the IIoT ***,a generic routing framework from a cross-layer perspective is investigated that intends to share the information resources by exploiting a recently proposed method,namely,Channel Availability ***,a novel cross-layer-oriented routing protocol is proposed by using a time-variant channel estimation *** protocol combines lower layer(Physical layer and Data Link layer)sensing that is derived from the channel estimation ***,it periodically updates and stores the routing table for optimal route ***,in order to achieve higher throughput and lower delay,a new routing metric is *** evaluate the performance of the proposed protocol,network simulations have been conducted and also compared to the widely used routing protocols,as a *** simulation results of different routing scenarios demonstrate that our proposed solution outperforms the existing protocols in terms of the standard network performance metrics involving packet delivery ratio(with an improved margin of around 5–20%approximately)under varying numbers of PUs and cognitive users in Mobile Cognitive Radio Networks(MCRNs).Moreover,the cross-layer routing protocol successfully achiev

关键词： Channel selection Cross-layer design Mobile cognitive radio networks Routing protocol IIoT applications

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The hidden God

The hidden God

Synthesis of hexagonal boron nitrides by chemical vapor deposition and their use as single photon emitters

作者： (author.)(Independent researcher) ·White ryan

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Nano Materials Science 2021年第3期3卷 291-312页

作者： Hongwei Liu Chae Young You Jingwei Li Patrick ryan Galligan Jiawen You Zhenjing Liu Yuting Cai Zhengtang Luo Department of Chemical and biological Engineering the Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloon999077Hong Kong

Two-dimensional(2D)hexagonal boron nitride(hbN),due to its extraordinary thermal,chemical,and optical properties,has arisen as an enticing material for the research community to explore for various applications,including the use of site defects in hbN as single photon emitters(SPEs).In this review,we systematically summarize recent advanced strategies towards the controllable synthesis of 2D hbN using chemical vapor deposition,towards a full control of the domain size,orientation,morphology,layer number,and stacking order,***,we review the underlying mechanisms for single photon emission(SPE)in hbN and methods to selectively generate and tune the ***(e.g.,carbon substituted defects)are discussed for the potential use as emission *** finally give an outlook of future challenges and opportunities on desirable hbN synthesis and further investigation of SPEs in hbN,targeting to utilize hbN as single photon emitters in an industrial scale.

关键词： hbN CVD Controllable synthesis Single photon emission

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Sofosbuvir Use in the Setting of End-stage Renal Disease:A Single Center Experience

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2017年第1期5卷 23-26页

作者： Avin Aggarwal Eric R.Yoo ryan b.Perumpail George Cholankeril Radhika Kumari Tami J.Daugherty Alex S.Lapasaran Aijaz Ahmed Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordCAUSA Department of Medicine University of Illinois College of MedicineChicagoILUSA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Tennessee Health Sciences CenterMemphisTNUSA Digestive Health Associates RenoNVUSA

background and Aims:Patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who are dialysisdependent form a unique group,in which safety,tolerability and efficacy of sofosbuvir (SOF)-based direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) need further ***:We performed a retrospective analysis of 14 patients with CHC and ESRD on dialysis who received 15 courses of SOF-based *** evaluated dose escalation to standard-dose SOF in this proof-of-principle ***:Sustained virological response (defined as undetectable viral load at 12 weeks,SVR-12) was achieved in 13 out of the 15 (86.7%) treatment *** (46.6%) patients received reduced half dose as conservative proof-of-principal to mitigate potential *** 13 out of 15 treatment courses,patients completed the designated treatment *** patient was treated twice and developed SVR-12 with the *** patient was lost to follow-up and counted as a *** discontinuations were not due to DAA-related adverse *** were no reports of severe adverse effects or drug ***:We treated CHC patients with ESRD using dose escalation to standard-dose SOF in this proof-of-principle experience and achieved SVR rates comparable to general population.

关键词： Hepatitis C End-stage renal disease Sofosbuvir Direct-acting antivirals