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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2023年第5期39卷 1-12页

作者： Frank T.Smith Ellen M.Jolley ryan a.palmer Department of Mathematics University College LondonLondonUK School of Biological Sciences University of BristolBristolEngland School of Mathematics University of BristolBristolEngland

本文是流体-固体相互作用机制方面的最新进展综述,主要研究固体物体自身的运动与其周围流体运动之间的相互影响.非稳态相互作用的数学模型是对两个空间维度和时间尺度的内部通道和外部近壁流的描述.本文重点描述伴随计算量减少的分析发... 详细信息

本文是流体-固体相互作用机制方面的最新进展综述,主要研究固体物体自身的运动与其周围流体运动之间的相互影响.非稳态相互作用的数学模型是对两个空间维度和时间尺度的内部通道和外部近壁流的描述.本文重点描述伴随计算量减少的分析发展过程.文章讨论无黏性流中掠过和下沉、物体的起飞、飞离或弹跳,以及黏性效应,特别是黏性和无黏性之间的相互作用和影响.主要研究结果涉及撞击时间、起飞条件、撞击和飞离之间的边界、主要参数及其范围以及物体形状和质量对物理及力学机制的影响.

关键词： Fluid-body interactions Skimming Impacts Analysis

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Calibration after bootstrap for accurate uncertainty quantification in regression models

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1092-1100页

作者： Glenn palmer Siqi Du Alexander Politowicz Joshua Paul Emory Xiyu Yang Anupraas Gautam Grishma Gupta Zhelong Li ryan Jacobs Dane Morgan Department of Computer Sciences University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWIUSA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWIUSA

Obtaining accurate estimates of machine learning model uncertainties on newly predicted data is essential for understanding the accuracy of the model and whether its predictions can be trusted.A common approach to such uncertainty quantification is to estimate the variance from an ensemble of models,which are often generated by the generally applicable bootstrap *** this work,we demonstrate that the direct bootstrap ensemble standard deviation is not an accurate estimate of uncertainty but that it can be simply calibrated to dramatically improve its *** demonstrate the effectiveness of this calibration method for both synthetic data and numerous physical datasets from the field of Materials Science and *** approach is motivated by applications in physical and biological science but is quite general and should be applicable for uncertainty quantification in a wide range of machine learning regression models.

关键词： ensemble applicable uncertainty

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Low-dose morphine elicits ventilatory excitant and depressant responses in conscious rats: Role of peripheral <i>µ</i>-opioid receptors

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Open Journal of Molecular and Integrative Physiology 2013年第3期3卷 111-124页

作者： Fraser Henderson Jr. Walter J. May ryan B. Gruber Alex P. Young Lisa A. palmer Benjamin Gaston Stephen J. Lewis Pediatric Respiratory Medicine University of Virginia School of Medicine Charlottesville USA Division of Biology Galleon Pharmaceuticals Horsham USA Department of Pediatrics Case Western Reserve University Cleveland USA

The systemic administration of morphine affects ventilation via a mixture of central and peripheral actions. The aims of this study were to characterize the ventilatory responses elicited by a low dose of morphine in conscious rats;to determine whether tolerance develops to these responses;and to determine the potential roles of peripheral μ-opioid receptors (μ-ORs) in these responses. Ventilatory parameters were monitored via unrestrained whole-body plethysmography. Conscious male Sprague-Dawley rats received an intravenous injection of vehicle or the peripherally-restricted μ-OR antagonist, naloxone methiodide (NLXmi), and then three successive injections of morphine (1 mg/kg) given 30 min apart. The first injection of morphine in vehicle-treated rats elicited an array of ventilatory excitant (i.e., increases in frequency of breathing, minute volume, respiratory drive, peak inspiratory and expiratory flows, accompanied by decreases in inspiratory time and end inspiratory pause) and inhibitory (i.e., a decrease in tidal volume and an increase in expiratory time) responses. Subsequent injections of morphine elicited progressively and substantially smaller responses. The pattern of ventilatory responses elicited by the first injection of morphine was substantially affected by pretreatment with NLXmi whereas NLXmi minimally affected the development of tolerance to these responses. Low-dose morphine elicits an array of ventilatory excitant and depressant effects in conscious rats that are subject to the development of tolerance. Many of these initial actions of morphine appear to involve activation of peripheral μ-ORs whereas the development of tolerance to these responses does not.

关键词： Morphine Minute Ventilation Tolerance Peripheral and Central Opioid Receptors Conscious Rats

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Morphine has latent deleterious effects on the ventilatory responses to a hypoxic challenge

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Open Journal of Molecular and Integrative Physiology 2013年第3期3卷 166-180页

作者： Walter J. May ryan B. Gruber Joseph F. Discala Veljko Puskovic Fraser Henderson Jr. Lisa A. palmer Stephen J. Lewis Pediatric Respiratory Medicine University of Virginia School of Medicine Charlottesville USA Division of Biology Galleon Pharmaceuticals Horsham USA

The aim of this study was to determine whether morphine depresses the ventilatory responses elicited by a hypoxic challenge (10% O2, 90% N2) in conscious rats at a time when the effects of morphine on arterial blood gas (ABG) chemistry, Alveolar-arterial (A-a) gradient and minute ventilation (Vm) had completely subsided. In vehicle-treated rats, each episode of hypoxia stimulated ventilatory function and the responses generally subsided during each normoxic period. Morphine (5 mg/kg, i.v.) induced an array of depressant effects on ABG chemistry, A-a gradient and Vm (via decreases in tidal volume). Despite resolution of these morphine-induced effects, the first episode of hypoxia elicited substantially smaller increases in Vm than in vehicle-treated rats, due mainly to smaller increases in frequency of breathing. The pattern of ventilatory responses during subsequent episodes of hypoxia and normoxia changed substantially in morphine-treated rats. It is evident that morphine haslatent deleterious effects on ventilatory responses elicited by hypoxic challenge.

关键词： Morphine Hypoxia Minute Ventilation Arterial Blood Gas Chemistry Conscious Rats

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