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Endovascular treatment of vasculogenic erectile dysfunction

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第1期17卷 40-43,I0007页

作者： Edward D Kim ryan c owen Gregory S White Osama O Elkelany cyrus D Rahnema University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine Knoxville TN USA.

The treatment of erectile dysfunction （ED） has been a fascination involving multiple medical specialities over the past century with urologic, cardiac and surgical experts all contributing knowledge toward this multifactorial disease. With the well-described association between ED and cardiovascular disease, angiography has been utilized to identify vasculogenic impotence. Given the success of endovascular drug-eluting stent （DES） placement for the treatment of coronary artery disease, there has been interest in using this same technology for the treatment of vasculogenic ED. For men with inflow stenosis, DES placement to bypass arterial lesions has recently been reported with a high technical success rate. comparatively, endovascular embolization as an approach to correct veno-occlusive dysfunction has produced astonishing procedural success rates as well. However, after a thorough literature review, arterial intervention is only recommended for younger patients with isolated vascular injuries, typically from previous traumatic experiences. Short-term functional outcomes are less than optimal with long-term results yet to be determined. In conclusion, the hope for a minimally invasive approach to ED persists but additional investigation is required prior to universal endorsement.

关键词： erectile dysfunction impotence penile erection vasculogenic

Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency resulting in a hitherto unseen presentation of hepatocellular carcinoma:Polycythemia but with normal alpha fetoprotein

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第30期12卷 4906-4907页

作者： David ryan owen Ramachandran Sivakumar Eui-Sik Suh Murugiah Seevaratnam Department of Geriatric Medicine Area Q111 Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ Hospital Howlands Welwyn Garden City Hertfordshire AL7 4HQ United Kingdom

Polycythemia is a known paraneopastic manifestation of hepatoma, but only in the presence of alpha-fetopro （AFP）. We present a case of polycythemia in the absence of AFP, and suggest concurrent alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency as the cause for breaking this rule. We also suggest a reason for the apparent constant conjunction between polycythemia and AFP in hepatoma.

关键词： Hepatoma Polycythemia Alpha 1 anti trypsin Ephrin-A Alpha-fetopro

Inter-signal interaction and uncertain information in anuran multimodal signals

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current Zoology 2011年第2期57卷 153-161页

作者： ryan c. TAYLOR Barrett A. KLEIN Michael J. ryan Department of Biological Sciences Salisbury University Salisbury MD 21801 USA Section of Integrative Biology University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 USA Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute P.O. Box 0843-03092 Balboa Ancon Republic of Panama

Disentangling the influence of multiple signal components on receivers and elucidating general processes influencing complex signal evolution are difficult tasks. In this study we test mate preferences of female squirrel treefrogs Hyla squirella and female tungara frogs Physalaemus pustulosus for similar combinations of acoustic and visual components of their multimodal courtship signals. In a two-choice playback experiment with squirrel treefrogs, the visual stimulus of a male model significantly increased the attractivness of a relatively unattractive slow call rate. A previous study demonstrated that faster call rates are more attractive to female squirrel treefrogs, and all else being equal, models of male frogs with large body stripes are more attractive. In a similar experiment with female tungara frogs, the visual stimulus of a robotic frog failed to increase the attractiveness of a relatively unattractive call. Females also showed no preference for the distinct stripe on the robot that males commonly bear on their throat. Thus, features of conspicuous signal components such as body stripes are not universally important and signal function is likely to differ even among species with similar ecologies and communication systems. Finally, we discuss the putative information content of anuran signals and suggest that the categorization of redundant versus multiple messages may not be sufficient as a general explanation for the evolution of multimodal signaling. Instead of relying on untested assumptions concerning the information content of signals, we discuss the value of initially collecting comparative empirical data sets related to receiver responses.

关键词： Inter-signal interaction Multimodal signaling Signal detection Signal weighting Squirrel treefrog Hyla squirella Tfingara frog Physalaemus pustulosus Vocal sac

An Arabidopsis Lipid Flippase Is Required for Timely Recruitment of Defenses to the Host- Pathogen Interface at the Plant cell Surface

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Molecular Plant 2017年第6期10卷 805-820页

作者： William Underwood Andrew ryan Shauna c. Somerville Energy Biosciences Institute Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of california Berkeley CA 94720 USA USDA-ARS Red River Valley Agricultural Research center Sunflower and Plant Biology Research Unit Fargo ND 58102-2765 USA Division of Biological Sciences University of California San Diego CA 92161 USA

Deposition of cell wall-reinforcing papillae is an integral component of the plant immune response. TheArabidopsis PENETRATION 3 （PEN3） ATP binding cassette （ABc） transporter plays a role in defense against numerous pathogens and is recruited to sites of pathogen detection where it accumulates within papillae. However, the trafficking pathways and regulatory mechanisms contributing to recruitment of PEN3 and other defenses to the host-pathogen interface are poorly understood. Here, we report a confocal microscopy-based screen to identify mutants with altered localization of PEN3-GFP after inoculation with powdery mildew fungi. We identified a mutant, aberrant localization of PEN3 3 （alp3）, displaying accumulation of the normally plasma membrane （PM）-Iocalized PEN3-GFP in endomembrane compartments. The mutant was found to be disrupted in the P4-ATPase AMINOPHOSPHOLIPID ATPASE 3 （ALA3）, a lipid flippase that plays a critical role in vesicle formation. We provide evidence that PEN3 undergoes continuous endocytic cycling from the PM to the trans-Golgi network （TGN）. In alp3, PEN3 accumulates in the TGN, causing delays in recruitment to the host-pathogen interface. Our results indicate that PEN3 and other defense proteins continuously cycle through the TGN and that timely exit of these proteins from the TGN is critical for effective pre-invasive immune responses against powdery mildews.

关键词： plant-microbe interactions defense responses protein traffic and secretion macromolecular trafficking papilla ABc transporter

Behavioral and neural auditory thresholds in a frog

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current Zoology 2019年第3期65卷 333-341页

作者： ryan c.TAYLOR Karin AKRE Walter WILcZYNSKI Michael J.ryan Department of Integrative Biology University of Texas at Austin Austin TX USA Department of Biological Sciences Salisbury University Salisbury MD USA Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Balboa Republic of Panama Neuroscience Institute and center for Behavioral Neuroscience Georgia State University Atlanta GA USA

Vocalizations play a critical role in mate recognition and mate choice in a number of taxa, especially, but not limited to, orthopterans, frogs, and birds. But receivers can only recognize and prefer sounds that they can hear. Thus a fundamental question linking neurobiology and sexual selection asks-what is the threshold for detecting acoustic sexual displays? In this study, we use 3 methods to assess such thresholds in tdngara frogs: behavioral responses, auditory brainstem responsesz and multi unit electrophysiological recordi ngs from the *** show that thresholds are lowest for multiunit recordings (ca. 45 dB SPL), and then for behavioral responses (ca. 61 dB SPL), with auditory brainstem responses exhibiting the highest thresholds (ca. 71 dB SPL). We discuss why these estimates differ and why, as with other studies, it is unlikely that they should be the same. Although all of these studies estimate thresholds they are not measuring the same thresholds;behavioral thresholds are based on signal salienee whereas the 2 neural assays estimate physiological thresholds. All 3 estimates, however, make it clear that to have an appreciation for detection and salienee of acoustic signals we must listen to those signals through the ears of the receivers.

关键词： anurans auditory brainstem responses auditory thresholds mate choice Physalaemus pustulosus signal recog nition thresholds sexual selection tungara frogs vocalizations

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Prime gradient noise

computational Visual Media 2021年第3期7卷 349-362页

作者： Sheldon Taylor owen Sharpe Jiju Peethambaran Graphics&Spatial computing Lab Dept.of Math&CSSaint Mary’s UniversityHailifaxNSCanadaB3H3C3

Procedural noise functions are fundamental tools in computer graphics used for synthesizing virtual geometry and texture ***,a procedural noise function should be compact,aperiodic,parameterized,and randomly *** lattice noise functions such as Perlin noise,however,exhibit periodicity due to the axial correlation induced while hashing the lattice vertices to the *** this paper,we introduce a parameterized lattice noise called prime gradient noise(PGN)that minimizes discernible periodicity in the noise while enhancing the algorithmic *** utilizes prime gradients,a set of random unit vectors constructed from subsets of prime numbers plotted in polar coordinate *** map axial indices of lattice vertices to prime gradients,PGN employs Szudzik pairing,a bijection F:N2→*** of Szudzik pairing functions are used in higher *** the core of PGN is the ability to parameterize noise generation though prime sequence offsetting which facilitates the creation of fractal noise with varying levels of heterogeneity ranging from homogeneous to hybrid multifractals.A comparative spectral analysis of the proposed noise with other noises including lattice noises show that PGN significantly reduces axial correlation and hence,periodicity in the noise *** demonstrate the utility of the proposed noise function with several examples in procedural modeling,parameterized pattern synthesis,and solid texturing.

关键词： procedural noise procedural texture Perlin noise prime numbers

Efficient HIV-1 in vitro reverse transcription: optimal capsid stability is required

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第2期6卷 195-196页

作者： ryan c.Burdick Vinay K.Pathak Viral Mutation Section HIV Dynamics and Replication ProgramCenter for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer Institute at FrederickFrederickMD 21702USA

Recently,christensen et *** HIV-1 reverse transcription and integration in a cell-free system and found that viral double-stranded DNA that is capable of integration into a target plasmid DNA was efficiently synthesized within viral cores,indicating that the capsid protein shell plays an important role in viral genome replication.1 HIV-1 reverse transcriptase(RT)copies the viral genomic RNA into a double-stranded DNA,and HIV-1 integrase(IN)inserts the viral DNA into the host genome to form a *** RT and IN have been successfully targeted with potent antiretroviral drugs to inhibit these enzymes and treat patients infected with HIV-1,the causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS).Despite decades of research,the molecular mechanisms of reverse transcription and integration in vivo are not fully characterized,in part because cell-free assays that efficiently and faithfully recapitulate the processes in the context of a virion have not been available。

关键词： al. drugs optimal

cretaceous Hitchhikers:a Possible Phoretic Association between a Pseudoscorpion and Bird in Burmese Amber

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2018年第6期92卷 2434-2435页

作者： XING Lida ryan c.McKELLAR. GAO Zhizhong State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China School of the Earth Sciences and Resourees China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Royal Saskatchewan Museum ReginaSaskatchewan S4P 4W7Canada Biology Department University of ReginaReginaSaskatchewan S4S OA2Canada Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of KansasLawrenceKansas66405USA Department of Biology Xinzhou Teachers UniversityXinzhou 034000ShanxiChina

Objective Phoresy represents a non-parasitic association between animals of different taxa related to transportation. Members of several pseudoscorpion families are phoretic. In pseudoscorpions, phoresy may or may not be associated with their predatory behavior, enabling dispersal over larger distances than they could manage with their own short legs. This provides a wide distribution, and a potential food supply.

关键词： cretaceous Hitchhikers a Possible Phoretic Association between a Pseudoscorpion and Bird in Burmese Amber DIP

A WEPp-Water Quality model for simulating nonpoint source pollutants in nonuniform agricultural hillslopes:Model development and sensitivity

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International Soil and Water conservation Research 2023年第3期11卷 455-469页

作者： ryan PMcGehee Dennis cFlanagan Bernard AEngel Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering Purdue University225 South University StreetWest LafayetteIN47907USA DA-Agricultural Research Service National SoilErosion Research Laboratory275 South Russell StreetWest LafayetteIN4797USA

The Water Erosion Prediction Project(WEPP)model code was modified extensively to support the simulation of nonpoint source(NPS)pollutant sourcing and transport in nonuniform hillslopes based on NPS science from the Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT).This was accomplished utilizing WEPP's overland flow element(OFE)in place of SWAT's hydrologic response unit(HRU)construct which enabled more physically plausible routing within a *** addition,several improvements to the NPS code base were *** include:free-source format,modern-Fortran conventions,minor enhancements to NPS model science,and code *** manuscript documents all model development activities,presents a comparison of relevant WEPP and WEPP-WQ code bases,and performs a local sensitivity analysis of the final model code for the most important input parameters and *** results indicated that the model performed as expected according to its design and provided important insights for potential subsequent validation studies.

关键词： WEPP SWAT WEPP-WQ Water quality Nonpoint Sensitivity