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Beyond neutrality:adding habitat filtering to neutral models

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Ecological Processes 2020年第1期9卷 305-313页

作者： Wasana Abeysinghe ruwan Punchi-Manage Department of Statistics and Computer Science Faculty of ScienceUniversity of PeradeniyaPeradeniya 20400Sri Lanka

Background:Understanding the processes that structure species is one of the primary focuses in community ***’s neutral model shows stochastic processes alone can describe the two macro-ecological patterns,species richness and species-area relationship,of the *** Hubbell’s neutral model can explain the macro-ecological patterns of the species at large scales,it paid less attention to construct the spatial structure of the *** studies suggest that such spatial structures are mostly due to habitat filtering processes work at the intermediate spatial ***,Hubbell’s neutral model does not explain the full picture of the community structuring due to its fully stochastic ***:In this study,we proposed a two-schema model that has the habitat filtering component and the stochastic component to construct the species assemblages seen in the community *** proposed model uses one additional parameter(*** of individuals in habitat)in addition to Hubbell’s three-parameter neutral model(*** bio-diversity number(θ),dispersal limitation(m)and speciation(v)).The proposed model works at two spatial scales:habitat filtering at the intermediate scales and stochastic processes at the large and very small spatial *** model coupled the local community dynamics with the meta-community *** local community has a fixed area with carrying capacity that is proportional to the local community *** number of habitats in the proposed model can *** are placed into habitats with probabilities according to the habitat *** richness and species composition in each habitat were *** model is fitted for differentθvalues,m values,and a different number of ***:We assume that habitat filtering plays an important role together with stochastic processes to structure species in ***,the proposed model with only four parameters can explai

关键词： Neutral theory Habitat models Fundamental bio-diversity number Immigration Local community

A New Species of the Genus Scincella Mittleman,1950(Squamata:Scincidae)from Sichuan Province,Southwest China

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Asian Herpetological Research 2024年第2期15卷 115-129页

作者： ruwan JIA Zongyuan GAO Dihao WU Jinlong REN Dechun JIANG Wei WU CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization&Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu Institute of BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610213SichuanChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The genus Scincella Mittleman,1950,within the family Scincidae,is a diverse group comprising 39 described *** taxonomy of the genus is complex due to morphological similarities among species,which often obscures the true extent of biodiversity,resulting in several undescribed species requiring further *** China,particularly within the unique ecosystems of the Hengduan Mountains,the diversity of Scincella is notably underestimated,with only 12 species currently *** the present study,we describe a new species of the genus Scincella,Scincella liangshanensis ***.,from Sichuan Province,Southwest *** characteristics and phylogenetic analyses revealed that the putative new species is distinct from all other known *** discovery not only expands the known diversity of Scincella but also emphasizes the inadequacies in our current understanding of herpetological diversity in *** addition of this species to the scientific record highlights the necessity for ongoing biodiversity assessments to uncover hidden species and enhance our understanding of the intricate web of life in one of the world’s biodiversity hotspots.

关键词： morphology phylogeny Scincella liangshanensis sp.nov. taxonomy the Hengduan Mountains

Public knowledge,practices and perceptions on typhus fevers in Southern Sri Lanka

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2022年第5期15卷 206-212页

作者： Ashani Liyanage Nilmini Chandrasena Nayana Gunathilaka ruwan Sanjeewa Ranjan Premaratna Rickettsial Disease Diagnostic and Research Laboratory Faculty of MedicineUniversity of KelaniyaRagama11010Sri Lanka Department of Parasitology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of KelaniyaRagama 11010Sri Lanka Medical Officer of Health ElpitiyaMinistry of HealthcareNutrition and Indigenous Medicine80400Sri Lanka Department of Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of KelaniyaRagama 11010Sri Lanka

Objective:To assess public knowledge,practices and perceptions on typhus fevers in Sri ***:A descriptive study was done in four selected typhus-prone areas in Southern Sri Lanka.A mixed-method was employed using face-to-face interviews and questionnaire-based surveys among confirmed cases of typhus and at-risk populations,***,percentages,and means were used to characterize socio-demography and evaluate disease ***:The lay terms for typhus fevers reported in the studied region were“peacock fever”,“tick fever”and“bird fever”.A total of 499 subjects participated[mean±SD,(45±16)years]in the questionnaire-based survey,and 13.6%(n=68)reported past experience of typhus fever,1.2%(n=6)identified the disease as“typhus”while 58.7%(n=293)and 11.8%(n=59)knew it as‘peacock fever’and‘tick fever’,*** etiological agent was unknown to 95.2%(n=475),but 53.5%(n=267)were aware that it was ***(57.3%,n=286),eschar(35.7%,n=178),headache(22.0%,n=267)and myalgia(19.2%,n=96)were identified as key *** disease experience was significantly associated with higher awareness of the main disease symptoms(fever:χ^(2)=15.713,P<0.001;headache:χ^(2)=19.447,P<0.001;lymphadenopathy:Fisher’s exact test,P=0.023;eschar:χ^(2)=12.049,P<0.001).None knew of any disease prevention *** with a past history of typhus fever had sought treatment at state hospitals(55.9%,38/68)and private sector hospitals(5.9%,4/68).Conclusions:Public awareness on preventive practices for typhus fevers was rare among the participants though vector-borne aspect was known to *** disease awareness was deficient among those without past experience of typhus *** sensitization on vector avoidance strategies is highly recommended.

关键词： Awareness Perceptions Practices Typhus fevers Sri Lanka

A New Species of the Genus Scincella Mittleman, 1950 (Squamata: Scincidae)from Sichuan Province, Southwest China, with a Diagnostic Key of Scincella Species in China

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Asian Herpetological Research 2023年第1期14卷 24-40,I0002页

作者： ruwan JIA Zongyuan GAO Junjie HUANG Jinlong REN Ke JIANG Dayong LI Jiatang LI College of Life Science China West Normal UniversityNanchong 637009SichuanChina CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu Institute of BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041SichuanChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The genus Scincella Mittleman,1950 of the family Scincidae currently includes 38 species."To date,however,taxonomic assessment remains ***,phylogenetic analyses based on DNA sequences of four mitochondrial genes supported a putative new species from Sichuan Province,Southwest China,as an independent *** genetic distance of 16S rRNA between the new species and closest congener was 8%,and the population was morphologically distinguishable from all other known *** herein describe the Scincella population as anew species based on both phylogeny and comparative *** new species can be distinguished from its congeners by a combination of the following morphological characters:(1)body slender,mediumsized,snout-vent length 35.0-62.1 mm;(2)infralabials seven,rarely eight;(3)supraciliaries 5-7;(4)tympanum deeply sunk without lobules;(5)midbody scale-row counts 27-30;(6)dorsal scales smooth and enlarged,paravertebral scale-row counts 60-75,ventral scalerow counts 46-59,gulars 25-30;(7)upper edge of lateral longitudinal stripes relatively straight with six rows of dorsal scales in middle;(8)number of enlarged,undivided lamellae beneath fingerⅣ9-11,number of enlarged,undivided lamellae beneath toeⅣ13-16;(9)ventral side of tail densely ornamented with dark brown or black spots;and(10)grayish-brown discontinuous regular dorsal stripes 5-7,distinct black dorsolateral stripes,starting from posterior corner of eye and continuing to lateral side of tail.A diagnostic key to all Scincella members from China is also provided The new species is currently only known from Wenchuan and Lixian counties,Sichuan Province,China,and brings the number of Scincella species in China to *** study emphasizes the incompleteness of knowledge on herpetodiversity in China.

关键词： Hengduan Mountain Region mitochondrial DNA morphology Scincella wangyuezhaoi sp.nov. taxonomy

Tunneled biopsy is an underutilised,simple,safe and efficient method for tissue acquisition from subepithelial tumours

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第21期9卷 5822-5829页

作者： Andreas Koutsoumpas ruwan Perera Adele Melton Jonathan Kuker Tilak Ghosh Barbara Braden Translational Gastroenterology Unit Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxford OX39DUUnited Kingdom Senior School Magdalen College SchoolOxford OX40DZUnited Kingdom Translational Gastroenterology Unit Oxford University Hospital NHS Foundation TrustOxford OX39DUUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Tissue acquisition from subepithelial lesions is often attempted by endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)-sampling as conventional endoscopic biopsy usually fails to reach deeper layers of the gastrointestinal *** To investigate the utilisation,safety and diagnostic yield of an intensified“biteon-bite”tunnel biopsy *** In this retrospective cohort study,all patients presenting with subepithelial masses in the upper gastrointestinal tract from March 2013 to July 2019 were *** were analysed for size and location of the subepithelial mass,use of intensified tunnel biopsy protocol(more than 10 double bite-on-bite biopsies)or superficial conventional biopsies,histology and imaging results,occurrence of readmission and adverse events after *** Two hundred and twenty-nine patients with subepithelial lesions were *** conventional biopsies were taken in 117 patients and were diagnostic only in one lipoma(0.9%).Tunnel biopsies taken in 112/229(48.9%)patients were significantly more likely to provide histological diagnosis(53.6%;P<0.001).For lesions≥10mm the diagnostic yield of tunnel biopsies further increased to 41/67(61.2%).No immediate or delayed complications were *** 8 of the 51 endoscopists(15.7%)regularly attempted tunnel *** Tunnel biopsy is a simple,safe and efficient but underutilised diagnostic modality for tissue acquisition in subepithelial *** should be routinely attempted at the initial endoscopy.

关键词： Gastrointestinal stromal tumour Fine needle biopsy Lipoma Immunohistology Neuroendocrine tumours Fine needle biopsy

A case of follicular cystitis treated successfully with diethylcarbamazine

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Asian Journal of Urology 2021年第2期8卷 235-237页

作者： Maduwe Gedara Sagara ruwan Kumara Prasanga Thiranagama Cherine Sosai Anuruddha Abeygunasekera Department of Urology Colombo South Teaching HospitalDehiwalaSri Lanka Department of Pathology Colombo South Teaching HospitalDehiwalaSri Lanka

Follicular cystitis is a non-specific inflammatory condition of the bladder where the aetiology is *** extent of the disease can be mild or proliferative and ***,steroids,therapies used for interstitial cystitis,palliative cystectomy and radiotherapy have been reported as successful treatment *** report a case of follicular cystitis that responded to a course of oral diethyl carbamazine.

关键词： Chronic cystitis Pyuria Bladder pathology Urosepsis

Predictors for success of non-operative management of adhesive small bowel obstruction

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2023年第6期15卷 1116-1124页

作者： Zi Qin Ng Vivien Hsu William Wei Han Tee Jih Huei Tan ruwan Wijesuriya Department of General Surgery St John of God Midland HospitalMidland 6056Western AustraliaAustralia Department of Radiology St John of God Midland HospitalMidland 6056Western AustraliaAustralia Department of General Surgery Hospital Sultanah AminahJohor Bahru 80000JohorMalaysia

BACKGROUND Majority of adhesive small bowel obstruction(SBO)cases can be managed ***,a proportion of patients failed non-operative *** To evaluate the predictors of successful non-operative management in adhesive *** A retrospective study was performed for all consecutive cases of adhesive SBO from November 2015 to May *** collated included basic demographics,clinical presentation,biochemistry and imaging results and management *** imaging studies were independently analyzed by a radiologist who was blinded to the clinical *** patients were divided into group A operative(including those that failed initial non-operative management)and group B non-operative for *** Of 252 patients were included in the final analysis;group A(n=90)(35.7%)and group B(n=162)(64.3%).There were no differences in the clinical features between both *** tests of inflammatory markers and lactate levels were similar in both *** the imaging findings,the presence of a definitive transition point[odds ratio(OR)=2.67,95%confidence interval(CI):0.98-7.32,P=0.048],presence of free fluid(OR=2.11,95%CI:1.15-3.89,P=0.015)and absence of small bowel faecal signs(OR=1.70,95%CI:1.01-2.88,P=0.047)were predictive of the need of surgical *** patients that received water soluble contrast medium,the evidence of contrast in colon was 3.83 times predictive of successful non-operative management(95%CI:1.79-8.21,P=0.001).CONCLUSION The computed tomography findings can assist clinicians in deciding early surgical intervention in adhesive SBO cases that are unlikely to be successful with non-operative management to prevent associated morbidity and mortality.

关键词： Small bowel obstruction Adhesive Conservative Non-operative

Advancing public health preparedness:Establishment of Nipah virus molecular diagnostic test at the National Reference Laboratory,Sri Lanka

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第8期17卷 369-374页

作者： Hewa Babarandage Chathurika Harshani Denagama Vitharanage Rishan Geeth ruwan Udage Kankanamge Isuru Udara Samaraweera Dedunu C U Dias Weligamage Janaki I Abeynayake Medical Research Institute Colombo-08Sri Lanka

Objective:To establish Nipah virus diagnostic capabilities at the National Reference Laboratory in Sri Lanka using the NIV Pune real-time PCR ***:Strict safety precautions were adhered during testing due to the high pathogenicity of the Nipah virus,with all diagnostics conducted in a BSL2+laboratory at the Medical Research Institute in Sri *** extraction was performed using the QIAamp Viral RNA Mini *** NIV Pune in-house real-time PCR kit was employed,following established primer/probe sequences and *** assay was validated using the Rotor-Gene Q Series Real-time PCR ***:The validation run of the Nipah virus real-time PCR test demonstrated robust performance,with positive controls consistently detecting Nipah RNA at a Ct value of 21.50±*** controls confirmed assay specificity with an external negative control which was also used as an extraction control and showed no *** internal control exhibited stable behavior,enhancing confidence in PCR *** qPCR analysis graph illustrated the successful detection of internal and positive controls,validating the reliability of the ***:Establishing Nipah virus diagnostic capabilities in Sri Lanka signifies a proactive and collaborative response to the persistent global health threat.

关键词： Nipah virus Real-time PCR Validation Molecular diagnostics

Dynamic Nexus between Air-Transportation and Economic Growth: A Systematic Literature Review

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2019年第2期9卷 156-170页

作者： ruwan Higgoda M. W. Madurapperuma Airport & Aviation Services (Sri Lanka) Limited Colombo Sri Lanka Department of Accountancy University of Kelaniya Kelaniya Sri Lanka

Today’s economic growth is not promising without air transport, up-to-date airports infrastructure, efficient and safe airline services and international air transport networks. According to WB [1], 40% of the world-wide tourists travel by air transport. The main aim of this study is to analyze the literatures of air transport and economic growth study. A systematic literature review (SLR) method was used in order to examine related articles from ABDC list journals which are ranked on A*, A or B, published in period 1992-2018. This study gives a summary of the trends and research themes which have been identified. Key scholars, as well as their approaches and locations and citations are also mapped. The findings of this study show that there is a growing interest in researching and publishing on Air transportation and economic growth. This study fills a deficiency in specialized literature concerning air transportation in developing countries and provides a foundation for future research in the field of air transportation.

关键词： Air Transport Airport Aviation Economic Growth Tourism Growth Systematic Literature Review