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预设,晦涩,歧义(下)

当代语言学 1994年第1期 41-45页

作者： ruth m. kempson 沈家煊中国社会科学院语言研究所

既然如此,假若我们放弃否定句有歧义的观点,接着的问题是否定句按歧义分析得出的两种释义中应取哪一种作为否定句的逻辑形式。很明显,应取否定的宽域即外部否定作为逻辑形式,因为只有这种释义才能预言句子符合其中名词短语指称的事物的... 详细信息

既然如此,假若我们放弃否定句有歧义的观点,接着的问题是否定句按歧义分析得出的两种释义中应取哪一种作为否定句的逻辑形式。很明显,应取否定的宽域即外部否定作为逻辑形式,因为只有这种释义才能预言句子符合其中名词短语指称的事物的存在被否认的情形。认为否定句没有这样的歧义——尽管较为标准的逻辑要区分这两种释义并不困难。

关键词：逻辑形式歧义句否定句释义句子外部否定蒙塔古语法真值条件语义表达式语境

Tailored Au nanorods:controlling the aspect ratio and increasing biocompatibility

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Tailored Au nanorods:controlling the aspect ratio and increa...

One-pot Synthesis of Gold Nanorods by Synchrotron X-ray Irradiation

中国颗粒学会第七届学术年会暨海峡两岸颗粒技术研讨会

作者： Hsiang-Hsin Chen Chia-Chi Chien Ivan m.kempson Y Hwu Institute of Physics Academia SinicaNankangTaipei 115 Department of Engineering and System Science Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu 300 Institute of Optoelectronic Sciences Taiwan Ocean UniversityKeelung 202

＜正＞Gold nanorods have valuable optical properties that are relevant for many biomedical applications,including extensive light absorption in the visible-near-infrared（NIR） and heat generation on *** properties have been potential applications such as drug delivery, in vivo cellular imaging,and cancer ***,the stability and biocompatibility of

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One-pot Synthesis of Gold Nanorods by Synchrotron X-ray Irra...

Hydroxytyrosol and Parkinson's disease:protective actions against alpha-synuclein toxicity

中国颗粒学会超微颗粒专委会2011年年会暨第七届海峡两岸超微颗粒学术研讨会

作者： Hsiang-Hsin Chen Chia-Chi Chien Ivan m.kempson Y Hwu Institute of Physics Academia SinicaNankang Department of Engineering and System Science National Tsing Hua University Institute of Optoelectronic Sciences National Taiwan Ocean University

Gold nanorods have valuable optical properties that are relevant for many biolmedical applications,including extensive light absorption in the visible-near-infrared(NIR) and heat generation on *** properties have been potential applications such as drug delivery,in vivo cellular imaging,and cancer ***,the stability and biocompatibility of these nanomaterials still need improvement for further biomedical application.

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1427-1428页

作者： ruth Hornedo-Ortega Ana m.Espinosa-Oliva Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología Toxicología y Medicina LegalFacultad de FarmaciaUniversidad de SevillaSevilleSpain Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de SevillaSevillaSpain Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología molecular Facultad de FarmaciaUniversidad de SevillaSevillaSpain

Parkinson’s disease:Parkinson’s disease(PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease,after Alzheimer’s disease,affecting 1%of the general population over the age of *** to data from the World Health Organization(WHO),its prevalence has doubled in the past 25 *** 2019,global estimates indicated over 8.5 million individuals with PD and it is suggested that PD caused 329000 deaths,an increase of over 100% since 2000(WHO,2022).

关键词： protective Alzheimer prevalence

In vitro angiogenesis in response to biomaterial properties for bone tissue engineering:a review of the state of the art

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2023年第1期10卷 744-783页

作者： Else Ellermann Nima meyer ruth E.Cameron Serena m.Best Department of materials Science and metallurgy University of CambridgeCambridge CB30FSUK

Bone tissue engineering(BTE)aims to improve the healing of bone fractures using scaffolds that mimic the native extracellular *** successful bone regeneration,scaffolds should promote simultaneous bone tissue formation and blood vessel growth for nutrient and waste ***,a significant challenge in regenerative medicine remains the development of grafts that can be vascularized *** other things,optimization of physicochemical conditions of scaffolds is key to achieving appropriate angiogenesis in the period immediately following *** phosphates and collagen scaffolds are two of the most widely studied biomaterials for BTE,due to their close resemblance to inorganic and organic components of bone,respectively,and their bioactivity,tunable biodegradability and the ability to produce tailored *** various strategies exist to enhance vascularization of these scaffolds in vivo,further in vitro assessment is crucial to understand the relation between physicochemical properties of a biomaterial and its ability to induce *** mono-culture studies can provide evidence regarding cell-material interaction of a single cell type,a co-culture procedure is crucial for assessing the complex mechanisms involved in angiogenesis.A co-culture more closely resembles the natural tissue both physically and biologically by stimulating natural intercellular interactions and mimicking the organization of the in vivo ***,a co-culture is a complex system requiring optimization of various parameters including cell types,cell ratio,culture medium and seeding *** fundamental knowledge of the mechanism behind the bioactivity of biomaterials and understanding the contribution of surface and architectural features to the vascularization of scaffolds,and the biological response in general,can provide an invaluable basis for future optimization *** review gives an overview of the

关键词： angiogenesis collagen scaffolds hydroxyapatite co-culture architectural features physicochemical properties

Adjusting the physico-chemical properties of collagen scaffolds to accommodate primary osteoblasts and endothelial cells

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2023年第1期10卷 590-602页

作者： Nima meyer Daniel V.Bax Jochen Beck ruth E.Cameron Serena m.Best Department of materials Science and metallurgy University of CambridgeCambridge CB30FSUK Geistlich Pharma AG Product DevelopmentWolhusenSwitzerland

Collagen-based biomaterials are used widely as tissue engineering scaffolds because of their excellent bioactivity and their similarity to the natural *** regeneration of healthy bone tissue requires simultaneous support for both osteoblasts and,where angiogenesis is intended,endothelial *** it is important to tailor carefully the biochemical and structural characteristics of the scaffold to suit the needs of each cell *** work describes for the first time a systematic study to gain insight into the cell type-specific response of primary human osteoblast(hOBs)and human dermal microvascular endothelial cells(HDmECs)to insoluble collagen-based *** behaviour was evaluated on both 2D films and 3D scaffolds,produced using *** collagen was cross-linked at various EDC/NHS concentrations and mono-cultured with hOBs and HDmECs to assess the effect of architectural features and scaffold stabilization on cell *** was observed that 3D scaffolds cross-linked at 30%of the standard conditions in literature offered an optimal combination of mechanical stiffness and cellular response for both cell types,although endothelial cells were more sensitive to the degree of cross-linking than *** features have a time-dependent impact on the cell migration profile,with alignment being the most influential parameter overall.

关键词： angiogenesis collagen scaffolds cell migration EDC/NHS cross-linking

metabolic regulation of adult stem cell-derived neurons

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Frontiers in Biology 2015年第2期10卷 107-116页

作者： ruth Beckervordersandforth Benjamin m. Haberle, D. Chiehung Lie Institute of Biochemistry Emil Fischer Center Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Niirnberg Germany

The discovery of continuous generation of functional neurons throughout fife has emerged as a major contributor to plasticity in defined regions of the adult mammalian brain. Work over the past decades identified cellular constituents of the distinct adult neurogenic niches as well as numerous signaling pathways, transcriptional and epigenetic regulators that exert tight control over the production of new neurons from resident stem cells. Recent studies uncovered developmental stage-specific adaptations of metabolic circuits and have provided evidence for their central regulatory function in the adult neurogenic lineage. moreover, there is increasing evidence for a regulatory impact of a wide range of systemic metabolic factors including exercise induced metabolic changes and diet on the development of adult-born neurons. Here, we will summarize current knowledge and emerging principles underlying the metabolic control of neuronal maturation in adult neurogenesis.

关键词： metabolism adult neurogenesis mitochondria diet

China in the Center:What Will It mean for Global Education?

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Frontiers of Education in China 2017年第1期12卷 3-28页

作者： ruth HAYHOE O.I.S.E. University of TorontoToronto M5S1V6Canada

This paper begins by reflecting on the significance of the 16th World Congress of Comparative Education Societies which was held at Beijing Normal University(BNU)in August *** I focuses on China’s experience in educational development since the late 1970s,and the support provided by organizations such as the Canadian International Development Agency(CIDA)and the World Bank,which facilitated the rapid restoration of China’s universities after the Cultural Revolution and supported a dramatic social and economic *** II goes on to profile China’s rich educational civilization and suggests that the normal university is uniquely suited to bringing that to a wider *** III overviews China’s programs of support for educational development in Africa and Southeast Asia,and suggests that these embody forms of dialogue and reciprocity that have the potential to open up refreshingly new approaches to educational thought and practice in the global arena.

关键词： Confucian thought mutuality normal university transformation

Evolutionary modifications of Astyanax larval prey capture (LPC) in a dark environment

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Zoological Research 2023年第4期44卷 750-760页

作者： Luis Espinasa ruth Diamant Ehud Vinepinsky monika Espinasa School of Science Marist CollegePoughkeepsieNY 12601USA Depto.de Física Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-IztapalapaCiudad de México C.P.09310México Institut de Biologie de l’ENS(IBENS) Département de BiologieÉcole Normale SupérieureCNRSINSERMUniversitéPSL75005 ParisFrance SUNY Ulster Stone RidgeNY 12484USA

Feeding strategies of an organism depend on the multimodal sensory processing that most efficiently integrates available visual,chemosensory,and/or mechanoreceptive cues as part of their environmental *** blind cavefish morph of Astyanax mexicanus has developed sensory-dependent behaviors to find food more efficiently than their eyed,surface-morph counterparts while in *** the absence of light,adult cavefish have evolved enhanced behaviors,such as vibration attraction behavior(VAB),and changes in feeding ***,we identified evolved differences in cavefish larval prey capture(LPC)*** the dark,LPC is more efficient in cavefish than in surface ***,different cave populations express laterality in their LPC and strike towards prey preferentially located on their left or right *** suggests the occurrence,to some extent,of divergent LPC evolution among cave *** LPC can be triggered exclusively by a vibration stimulus in both surface and cavefish,we provide evidence that LPC is,at least partially,a multimodal sensory process different from adult *** also found that a lack of food may exacerbate the laterality of ***,we proposed a mathematical model for explaining laterality based on a balance between:(1)enlarged range of foraging field(behavioral or perceptive)due to asymmetry,(2)food abundance,and(3)disadvantages caused by laterality(unequal lateral hydrodynamic resistance when swimming,allocation of resources for the brain and receptors,and predator escape).

关键词： Astyanax Cave Troglobite Neuromast Prey Asymmetry