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作者： rushen shi Andréane Melan?on Département de Psychologie Université du Québec à Montréal

Recent work showed that infants recognize and store function words starting from the age of 6–8 months. Using a visual fixation procedure, the present study tested whether French-learning 14-month-olds have the knowledge of syntactic categories of determiners and pronouns, respectively, and whether they can use these function words for categorizing novel words to nouns and verbs. The prosodic characteristics of novel words stimuli for noun versus verb uses were balanced. The only distinguishing cue was the preceding determiners versus subject pronouns, the former being the most common for nouns and the latter the most common for verbs, i.e., Det + Noun, Pron + Verb. We expected that noun categorization may be easier than verb categorization because the co-occurrence of determiners with nouns is more consistent than that of subject pronouns with verbs in French. The results showed that infants grouped the individual determiners as one common class, and that they appeared to use the determiners to categorize novel words into ***, we found no evidence of verb categorization. Unlike determiners,pronouns were not perceived as a common syntactic class.

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Categorization of Lexical Tones in Mandarin-Learning Infants

Categorization of Lexical Tones in Mandarin-Learning Infants

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作者： Jun Gao rushen shi Aijun Li Graduate School Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Université du Québec à Montréal Institute of Linguistics Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

It is well-known that children are born with the perceptual ability to discriminate not only native phonetic contrasts, but also non-native ones. However, recent research suggests that not all contrasts are equally discriminable. Children cannot discriminate some acoustically similar phonetic contrasts early in infancy. They need a certain period of exposure with these contrasts to learn to discriminate them. In this study we inquired if similar lexical tones are discriminable in young infants. Mandarin-learning 4-13-month-olds’ categorization of Mandarin rising and dipping tones were assessed in a visual habituation procedure. The results show that infants successfully categorized the two similar tones.

关键词： infant speech perception language acquisition categorization lexical tones

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Infants' sensitivity to non-adjacent dependencies across phonological phrase boundaries

Infants' sensitivity to non-adjacent dependencies across pho...

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作者： Marieke van Heugten rushen shi Department of Psychology University of Toronto Department of Psychology Université du Québec à Montréal

Natural languages contain numerous non-adjacent relationships between words or morphemes in a sentence, often straddling phonological phrase boundaries(e.g., [these sheep] [have …]). Since phonological phrases are considered the main processing unit for infants, this may cause the acquisition of cross-phrase dependencies to be challenging. This study, however,shows that by 17 months of age, French-learning infants have nonetheless gained sensitivity to remote determiner-auxiliary co-occurrences that are interceded by phonological phrase boundaries. Infants thus possess a robust mechanism for tracking non-adjacent dependencies. This ability is essential for early grammatical development.

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Prosodic Cues to Noun and Verb Categories in Infant-Directed Mandarin Speech

Prosodic Cues to Noun and Verb Categories in Infant-Directed...

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作者： Aijun Li rushen shi Wu Hua Institute of Linguistics Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Université du Québec à Montréal

Mandarin Chinese, a Sino-Tibetan language, has distinct syntactic and morphological structures in comparison to IndoEuropean languages. This study concerns Chinese infants’ initial derivation of grammatical categories. We examined the prosodic properties of nouns and verbs of the maternal input speech. Non-word disyllabic noun-verb homophones were created and embedded in frequent carrier phrases. Mandarinspeaking mothers read these stimuli to their babies during a play session. Prosodic properties of noun and verb productions by these mothers were analyzed. The results show that isolated homophone nouns and verbs were identical prosodically. However, when these items were embedded in noun and verb carrier phrases, they exhibited some prosodic distinctions. Specifically, mean F0 of the second syllable of the non-words was significantly different in verb versus noun productions, and the duration ratios of the two syllables of the noun productions also differed for that of the verb productions. These results suggest that maternal speech contains some prosodic cues to nouns versus verbs, which might support infants’ acquisition of grammatical categories.

关键词： infant lexical category prosodic cues verb and noun

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止痛如神汤结合西医常规疗法对混合痔湿热下注证患者外剥内扎术后疼痛的影响

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国际中医中药杂志 2021年第4期43卷 345-348页

作者：史柯河南省濮阳市安阳地区医院中医科 455000

目的探讨止痛如神汤结合西医常规疗法对肛门混合痔患者外剥内扎术后疼痛的影响。方法将符合入选标准的2017年1月-2019年1月本院90例混合痔患者按随机数字表法分为2组,每组45例。2组均施以混合痔外剥内扎术,对照组于术后注射复方亚甲蓝溶... 详细信息

目的探讨止痛如神汤结合西医常规疗法对肛门混合痔患者外剥内扎术后疼痛的影响。方法将符合入选标准的2017年1月-2019年1月本院90例混合痔患者按随机数字表法分为2组,每组45例。2组均施以混合痔外剥内扎术,对照组于术后注射复方亚甲蓝溶液,治疗组在对照组基础上服用止痛如神汤。2组均治疗7 d,随访1个月。参考WHO疼痛分级标准于术后不同时间进行疼痛分级评估,观察并记录术后首次排便时间及并发症发生情况,评价临床疗效。结果治疗组总有效率为84.4%(38/45)、对照组为66.7%(30/45),2组比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.850,P=0.049)。对照组术后2、6、12 h,疼痛分级中0、Ⅰ级患者分布明显高于对照组,Ⅱ、Ⅲ级患者分布明显低于对照组(Z值分别为17.787、10.020、5.380,P值均<0.01)。治疗组术后首次排便时间早于对照组(Z=-3.181,P=0.001)。治疗组术后并发症发生率为24.4%(11/45)、对照组为26.7%(12/45),2组比较差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.058,P=0.809)。结论止痛如神汤结合西医常规疗法可有效减轻肛门混合痔患者外剥内扎术后的疼痛,降低并发症的发生。

关键词：痔湿热下注疼痛,手术后手术后并发症止痛如神汤中西医结合疗法

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Action mechanism of Zhitong rushen Decoction in treating functional anorectal pain based on network pharmacology

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Journal of Hainan Medical University 2020年第18期26卷 51-56页

作者： Jia-Yong shi Shen-Yan Cai Yu-Qing Sun Tian-Wei Xia Wei Chen Wen Xie Zi-Ran Wu Yun-Lin Xu Xue-Ping Zheng Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210029JiangsuChina

Objective:Network pharmacology method was adopted in this study to screen the target of Zhitong rushen Decoction of the treatment to Functional Anorectal Pain(FAP)and explore its mechanism of ***:Chemical components and selected targets related to the ten traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)herbs were searched through the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP).Through GeneCards database,OMIM database,disease targets of FAP were searched.R language was used to screen the common targets between drugs and disease,and then the interaction network diagram of the targets was constructed by ***3.7.0 was applied to construct the active ingredients-targets interacted *** enrichment analysis and KEGG enrichment analysis of targets were based on R ***:Four main chemical components including quercetin,wogonin,fisetin and kaempferol were screened,and four key targets including ESR1、NOS2、PGR and CHRM3 were *** GO enrichment analysis,66 molecular function entries,1040 biological process entries,26 cell component entries were *** pathway enrichment analysis showed that zhitong rushen decoction played a therapeutic role in functional anorectal pain by regulating AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications,Bladder cancer,Estrogen signaling pathway,HIF-1 signaling ***:Zhitong rushen decoction for the treatment of functional anorectal pain may be related to its multi-component effect on multiple targets and multiple signaling pathways,providing theoretical basis for further study of active ingredients and mechanism of action.

关键词： Network pharmacology Zhitong rushen Decoction Functional anorectal pain Mechanism

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穴位注射配合止痛如神汤加减口服治疗肛门坠胀的临床观察

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结直肠肛门外科 2019年第1期25卷 74-78页

作者：毛玲娟郑雪平孙雨晴王兴宝陈伟石佳勇南京中医药大学江苏南京210029 南京市中医院肛肠科江苏南京210001

目的观察长强穴注射丹参注射液配合止痛如神汤加减口服治疗肛门坠胀的临床效果。方法纳入2017年2月至2017年12月于南京市中医院就诊的50例肛门坠胀患者,按照就诊序号分为两组,每组各25例。观察组选取长强穴注射丹参注射液,同时予止痛如... 详细信息

目的观察长强穴注射丹参注射液配合止痛如神汤加减口服治疗肛门坠胀的临床效果。方法纳入2017年2月至2017年12月于南京市中医院就诊的50例肛门坠胀患者,按照就诊序号分为两组,每组各25例。观察组选取长强穴注射丹参注射液,同时予止痛如神汤加减口服;对照组予地奥司明片口服。两组均治疗14 d后观察临床疗效,并根据治疗结果进行随访3个月记录复发情况。结果观察组治疗总有效率为92.00%,高于对照组的68%,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05);治疗后,两组患者肛门坠胀程度评分均低于治疗前,观察组肛门坠胀程度评分低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P 0.05);治疗后,两组生活质量各维度评分较治疗前升高,观察组生活质量各维度评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P <0.05)。观察组复发率低于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论长强穴注射丹参注射液配合止痛如神汤加减口服治疗肛门坠胀,能够有效减轻坠胀程度,改善患者生活质量,降低复发率。

关键词：肛门坠胀穴位注射丹参注射液止痛如神汤临床观察

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