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Early-stage latent thermal failure of single-crystal Ni-rich layered cathode

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第9期96卷 578-587页

作者： Xiao Han ruoyu xu Yan Li Yang Ding Manchen Zhang Bo Wang Xiaoxing Ke Manling Sui Pengfei Yan Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure1nd Property of Solids Faculty of Materials1nd ManufacturingBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Watt Laboratory Central Research InstituteHuawei Technologies Co.LTDShenzhen 518129GuangdongChina

High nickel content worsens the thermal stability of layered cathodes for lithium-ion batteries,raising safety concerns for their *** understanding the thermal failure process can offer valuable guidance for material optimization on thermal stability and new opportunities in monitoring battery thermal runaway(TR).Herein,this work comprehensively investigates the thermal failure process of a single-crystal nickel-rich layered cathode and finds that the latent thermal failure starts at∼120℃far below the TR temperature(225℃).During this stage of heat accumulation,sequential structure transition is revealed by atomic resolution electron microscopy,which follows the layered→cation mixing layered→LiMn_(2)O_(4)-type spinel→disordered spinel→rock *** progression occurs as a result of the continuous migration and densification of transition metal *** transition generates gaseous oxygen,initially confined within the isolated closed pores,thereby not showing any thermal failure phenomena at the *** temperature leads to pore growth and coalescence,and eventually to the formation of open pores,causing oxygen gas release and weight loss,which are the typical TR *** highlight that latent thermal instability occurs before the macro-level TR,suggesting that suppressing phase transitions caused by early thermal instability is a crucial direction for material *** findings can also be used for early warning of battery thermal runaway.

关键词： Thermal runaway Nickel-rich layered cathode Transmission electron microscopy Lithium-ion battery Phase transition

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“微观生物学”校本课程的开发与实践

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生物学教学 2024年第7期49卷 74-76页

作者：盛文龙许若禹林伟强浙江省余姚中学宁波315400 浙江大学医学院附属第四医院金华322000

开发了“微观生物学”校本课程,其课程内容按照观察对象从器官到分子,分为四个阶段。课程类型包括操作技能类、基础知识类、实验观察类、实验探究类和实践活动类。课程评价涵盖课堂表现、实验报告和纸笔测试。课程的设计和实施旨在帮助... 详细信息

开发了“微观生物学”校本课程,其课程内容按照观察对象从器官到分子,分为四个阶段。课程类型包括操作技能类、基础知识类、实验观察类、实验探究类和实践活动类。课程评价涵盖课堂表现、实验报告和纸笔测试。课程的设计和实施旨在帮助学生掌握显微工具的使用技巧,深入理解生命的本质,培养学科核心素养。

关键词：微观生物学显微工具校本课程开发与实践

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1990―2019年中国偏头痛发病趋势及其年龄-时期-队列分析

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中国循证医学杂志 2024年第6期24卷 658-665页

作者：徐若愚王家琛林玥彤冯善刚张建华山东第二医科大学公共卫生学院山东潍坊261053

目的探讨1990—2019年全球疾病负担数据库(GBD2019)中国人群偏头痛发病趋势及与年龄、时期、队列三因素间的影响效应。方法本研究数据来源于GBD2019,采用Joinpoint软件分析偏头痛发病率的变化趋势;结合Stata 17.0软件分析中国人群偏头... 详细信息

目的探讨1990—2019年全球疾病负担数据库(GBD2019)中国人群偏头痛发病趋势及与年龄、时期、队列三因素间的影响效应。方法本研究数据来源于GBD2019,采用Joinpoint软件分析偏头痛发病率的变化趋势;结合Stata 17.0软件分析中国人群偏头痛的年龄-时期-队列模型并估算其发病率的年龄、时期和队列效应。结果1990—2019年中国总人群、男性和女性的偏头痛标化发病率呈波动上升趋势,平均年度变化百分比分别为0.23%、0.27%和0.21%;年龄-时期-队列模型显示,1990—2019年我国人群偏头痛发病风险随着年龄的增大而减小,随着时期的增加呈现出下降的趋势,随着出生队列的递增而增加,表明现期偏头痛发病风险的队列效应起主导作用,且出生队列靠后的女性发病风险开始逐渐高于男性。结论1990—2019年中国人群偏头痛发病率总体呈上升趋势,年龄越小、时期越早、出生队列越靠后的女性人群偏头痛的发病风险越大,提示需加强10~54岁年龄段女性人群的偏头痛防治工作,进一步降低我国偏头痛的发病率。

关键词：中国偏头痛发病率年龄-时期-队列模型

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Magnetically driven microrobots moving in a flow:a review

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2023年第11期24卷 1520-1540页

作者： Jiamiao MIAO Xiaopu WANG Yan ZHOU Min YE Hongyu ZHAO ruoyu xu Huihuan QIAN School of Science and Engineering the Chinese University of Hong Kong(Shenzhen)Shenzhen 518172China Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society(AIRS) Shenzhen 518129China

Magnetically driven microrobots hold great potential to perform specific tasks more locally and less invasively in the human *** reach the lesion area in vivo,microrobots should usually be navigated in flowing blood,which is much more complex than static ***,it is more challenging to design a corresponding precise control scheme.A considerable amount of work has been done regarding control of magnetic microrobots in a flow and the corresponding *** this paper,we review and summarize the state-of-the-art research progress concerning magnetic microrobots in blood flow,including the establishment of flow systems,dynamics modeling of motion,and control *** addition,current challenges and limitations are *** hope this work can shed light on the efficient control of microrobots in complex flow environments and accelerate the study of microrobots for clinical use.

关键词： Microrobot Flow Dynamics modeling Control

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The gasdermin family:emerging therapeutic targets in diseases

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 1905-1937页

作者： Chenglong Zhu Sheng xu ruoyu Jiang Yizhi Yu Jinjun Bian Zui Zou Faculty of Anesthesiology Changhai HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China School of Anesthesiology Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China National Key Laboratory of Immunity&Inflammation Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China d 4 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology College of Basic Medical SciencesNaval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China

The gasdermin(GSDM)family has garnered significant attention for its pivotal role in immunity and disease as a key player in *** recently characterized class of pore-forming effector proteins is pivotal in orchestrating processes such as membrane permeabilization,pyroptosis,and the follow-up inflammatory response,which are crucial self-defense mechanisms against irritants and *** have been implicated in a range of diseases including,but not limited to,sepsis,viral infections,and cancer,either through involvement in pyroptosis or independently of this *** regulation of GSDM-mediated pyroptosis is gaining recognition as a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of various *** strategies for inhibiting GSDMD primarily involve binding to GSDMD,blocking GSDMD cleavage or inhibiting GSDMD-N-terminal(NT)oligomerization,albeit with some off-target *** this review,we delve into the cutting-edge understanding of the interplay between GSDMs and pyroptosis,elucidate the activation mechanisms of GSDMs,explore their associations with a range of diseases,and discuss recent advancements and potential strategies for developing GSDMD inhibitors.

关键词： diseases therapeutic immunity

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Reversible lithium storage in sp^(2) hydrocarbon frameworks

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第3期31卷 161-167,I0006页

作者： Zhangxiang Hao Junrun Feng Yiyun Liu Liqun Kang Bolun Wang Junwen Gu Lin Sheng ruoyu xu Sushila Marlow Dan J.L.Brett Yunhui Huang Feng Ryan Wang Materials and Catalysis Laboratory Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondon WC1E 7JEUnited Kingdom School of Materials Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074HubeiChina Electrochemical Innovation Lab Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondon WC1E 7JEUnited Kingdom Department of Chemistry University College LondonLondon WC1H 0AJUnited Kingdom

Polymer materials offer controllable structure-dependent performances in separation,catalysis and drug *** molecular structures can be precisely tailored to accept Li^(+)for energy storage *** the design of sp^(2)carbon-based polyphenylene(PPH)with high lithium-ion uptakes and long-term stability is ***-PPH(L-PPH)exceeds the performance of crosslink-PPH(C-PPH),due to the fact that it has an ordered lamellar structure,promoting the Li^(+)intercalation/deintercalation *** L-PPH cell shows a clear charge and discharge plateau at 0.35 and 0.15 V ***^(+)/Li,respectively,which is absent in the C-PPH *** Li^(+)storage capacity of L-PPH is five times that of the *** reversible storage capacity is further improved to 261 m Ah g;by functionalizing the L-PPH with the–SO_(3)H *** addition,the Li-intercalated structures of C-PPH and L-PPH are investigated via near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure(NEXAFS),suggesting the high reversible Li^(+)–C=C bond interaction at *** strategy,based on new insight into sp^(2)functional groups,is the first step toward a molecular understanding of the structure storage-capacity relationship in sp^(2)carbon-based polymer.

关键词： Lithium-ions battery Organic anode Topological structure sp^(2)hydrocarbon

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RNA interference in insects:the link between antiviral defense and pest control

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Insect Science 2024年第1期31卷 2-12页

作者： Jinzhi Niu ruoyu Chen Jin-Jun Wang Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering College of Plant ProtectionSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River(Ministry of Education) Southwest UniversityChongqingChina

RNA interference(RNAi)is a form of gene silencing triggered by double-stranded RNA(dsRNA)that operates in all eukaryotic *** has been widely investigated in insects to determine the underlying molecular mechanism,to investigate its role in systemic antiviral defense,and to develop strategies for pest *** insect cells are infected by viruses,viral dsRNA signatures trigger a local RNAi response to block viral replication and generate virus-derived DNA that confers systemic ***-based insect pest control involves the application of exogenous dsRNA targeting genes essential for insect development or survival,but the efficacy of this approach has limited potency in many pests through a combination of rapid dsRNA degradation,inefficient dsRNA uptake/processing,and ineffective RNAi *** could be addressed by dsRNA screening and evaluation,focusing on dsRNA design and off-target management,as well as dsRNA production and *** review summarizes recent progress to determine the role of RNAi in antiviral defense and as a pest control strategy in insects,addressing gaps between our fundamental understanding of the RNAi mechanism and the exploitation of RNAi-based pest control strategies.

关键词： RNAi response systemic RNAi insecticidal dsRNA biological control off-targets

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A phase-field model for simulating the propagation behavior of mixed-mode cracks during the hydraulic fracturing process in fractured reservoirs

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第5期45卷 911-930页

作者： Dan ZHANG Liangping YI Zhaozhong YANG Jingqiang ZHANG Gang CHEN ruoyu YANG Xiaogang LI State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China Tarim Oilfield Company PetroChinaBayingolin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture 841000Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionChina Wuqi Oil Production Plant Shaanxi Yanchang PetroleumXi'an 716000China Exploration Division of PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gasfield Company Chengdu 610041China

A novel phase-field model for the propagation of mixed-mode hydraulic fractures,characterized by the formation of mixed-mode fractures due to the interactions between fluids and solids,is *** this model,the driving force for the phase field consists of both tensile and shear components,with the fluid contribution primarily manifesting in the tension driving *** displacement and pressure are solved simultaneously by an implicit *** numerical solution's iterative format is established by the finite element discretization and Newton-Raphson(NR)iterative *** correctness of the model is verified through the uniaxial compression physical experiments on fluid-pressurized rocks,and the limitations of the hydraulic fracture expansion phase-field model,which only considers mode I fractures,are *** addition,the influence of matrix mode II fracture toughness value,natural fracture mode II toughness value,and fracturing fluid injection rate on the hydraulic fracture propagation in porous media with natural fractures is studied.

关键词： mixed-mode crack hydraulic fracturing poro-elasticity phase-field method(PFM)

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Analysis of environmental selection pressure of superoxide dismutase in deep-sea sea cucumber

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第3期42卷 893-904页

作者： Yanan LI Zongfu CHEN Haibin ZHANG ruoyu LIU Shuichun CHEN Li LIN Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding College of Animal Sciences and TechnologyZhongkai University of Agriculture and EngineeringGuangzhou 510222China Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesSanya 572000China College of Marine Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China Zhanjiang Tianli Sea Cucumber New Technology Development Co. Ltd.Zhanjiang 524000China

Manganese superoxide dismutase(MnSOD)is an antioxidant that exists in mitochondria and can effectively remove superoxide anions in *** a dark,high-pressure,and low-temperature deep-sea environment,MnSOD is essential for the survival of sea *** MnSODs were identified from the transcriptomes of deep and shallow-sea sea *** explore their environmental adaptation mechanism,we conducted environmental selection pressure analysis through the branching site model of PAML *** obtained night positive selection sites,and two of them were significant(97F→H,134K→V):97F→H located in a highly conservative characteristic sequence,and its polarity c hange might have a great impact on the function of MnSOD;134K→V had a change in piezophilic a bility,which might help MnSOD adapt to the environment of high hydrostatic pressure in the *** further study the effect of these two positive selection sites on MnSOD,we predicted the point mutations of F97H and K134V on shallow-sea sea cucumber by using MAESTROweb and *** show that 97F→H,134K→V might improve MnSOD’s efficiency of scavenging superoxide a nion and its ability to resist high hydrostatic pressure by moderately reducing its *** above results indicated that MnSODs of deep-sea sea cucumber adapted to deep-sea environments through their amino acid changes in polarity,piezophilic behavior,and local *** study revealed the correlation between MnSOD and extreme environment,and will help improve our understanding of the organism’s adaptation mechanisms in deep sea.

关键词： Holothuroidea environmental adaptation positive selection point mutation

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Observation and verification of surface electrical explosion driven by radial-distributed pulsed current in laboratory lightning strike test

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High Voltage 2024年第1期9卷 137-149页

作者： ruoyu Han Yuchen Cao Yakun Liu Xi Chen Ting Li Chen Li Pengfei Li State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingChina School of Mechatronical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingChina Department of Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghaiChina Beijing Institute of Astronautical System Engineering BeijingChina Aerospace Research Institute of Materials and Processing Technology BeijingChina

The laboratory lightning test is essential for assessing the effectiveness of lightning strike protection(LSP).Particularly,direct lightning strike damage can be performed with pulsed current injection into the *** paper focuses on the dynamic process of arc plasma and shock wave behaviour in the vicinity of the‘strike’point.A rod-plate discharge load is built for testing aluminium and coated plate under 40-kA-level pulsed *** visualisation of the luminous discharge plasma and its flow field via high-speed photography(from different angles)is meticulously designed and implemented,synchronised with electro-physical *** results indicate some new mechanisms for lightning strike damage,apart from the impulse heat loading from the thermal *** transient current injection through the arc root concentrates on a thin skin layer(skin-depth effect),with the radial-attenuated current density,driving asynchronously electrical explosions on the plate *** inhomogeneous Joule heating of the plate leads to outwardly propagating phase transition and shock wave along the conductive *** addition,the electro-thermal instability is observed and regarded as the seed of irregular erosion *** information reveals two different plasma states of main discharge arc channel and adjacent surface electrical *** correspondence of the physical mechanism of electrical explosion and optical radiation is *** images for different regions depict erosion characteristics and summarise influencing factors,further confirming the mechanism *** research clarifies the role of skin-depth effect in transaction arc erosion for electrode,complements the electrical explosion theory with unevenly distributed current and helps optimise strategies of LSP.

关键词： electrical lightning radial

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