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Core and variable antimicrobial resistance genes in the gut microbiomes of Chinese and European pigs

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Zoological Research 2024年第1期45卷 189-200页

作者： Cui-Hong Tong Zhi-Peng Huo Lu Diao Dan-Yu xiao ruo-Nan Zhao Zhen-Ling Zeng wen-Guang Xiong Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510642China National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria College of Veterinary MedicineSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510642China National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation(Environmental Assessment)of Veterinary Drugs South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510642China National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510642China

Monitoring the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance genes(ARGs)is vital for addressing the global crisis of antibiotic-resistant bacterial *** its importance,the characterization of ARGs and microbiome structures,as well as the identification of indicators for routine ARG monitoring in pig farms,are still lacking,particularly concerning variations in antimicrobial exposure in different countries or ***,metagenomics and random forest machine learning were used to elucidate the ARG profiles,microbiome structures,and ARG contamination indicators in pig manure under different antimicrobial pressures between China and *** showed that Chinese pigs exposed to high-level antimicrobials exhibited higher total and plasmid-mediated ARG abundances compared to those in European pigs(P<0.05).ANT(6)-Ib,APH(3')-IIIa,and tet(40)were identified as shared core ARGs between the two pig ***,the core ARGs identified in pig populations were correlated with those found in human populations within the same geographical *** and Prevotella were identified as the dominant genera in the core microbiomes of Chinese and European pigs,*** ARG markers and 43 biomarkers were able to differentiate between the Chinese and European pig manure samples with accuracies of 100%and 98.7%,*** for assessing ARG contamination in Chinese and European pigs also achieved high accuracy(r=0.72-0.88).Escherichia flexneri in both Chinese and European pig populations carried between 21 and 37 *** results of this study emphasize the importance of global collaboration in reducing antimicrobial resistance risk and provide validated indicators for evaluating the risk of ARG contamination in pig farms.

关键词： Metagenomic Pig manure Antimicrobial pressure Antimicrobial resistance genes Microbiome

Thermodynamic nature of black holes in coexistence region

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第5期67卷 27-32页

作者： Shao-wen Wei Yu-xiao Liu Lanzhou Center for Theoretical Physics Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics of Gansu Provinceand Key Laboratory of Quantum Theory and Applications of Mo ELanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Institute of Theoretical Physics&Research Center of Gravitation Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Studying the system state of coexistence regions will peek into to reveal microscopic interactions between different phases of a thermodynamic ***,there is no effective method to study thermodynamic nature of the coexistence black hole regions for the failure of the equation of *** at these coexistence states,in this work,we develop a general approach by introducing two new ratio *** first one is the ratio of the horizon radii of the saturated coexistence small and large black holes,and the second one measures that of the small black hole molecule number to the total molecule *** demonstrate that the first parameter can serve as an order parameter to characterize the first-order phase *** study also shows that the black hole state in the coexistence region is uniquely determined by these two introduced parameters bounded between 0 and *** results are quite significant in the analytical study of phase transition and the microscopic nature of black hole in the coexistence regions.

关键词： transition. state. thermodynamic

A Numerical Calculation Algorithm of the Inclination Function Based on the Representation of SO(3) Group

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2024年第1期40卷 137-148页

作者： Yu-xiao Wei wen-lin Tang Department of Geophysics School of Geology Engineering and GeomaticsChang’An UniversityXi’an710064China Key Laboratory of Electronics and Information Technology for Space Systems National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China

In the determination of the Earth gravity field in satellite geodesy, the inclination functions represent the projection of data observed along the orbital plane of a satellite orbit into the sphere in the terrestial reference frame. The inclination functions in this work is studied from a group theoretical perspective. The inclination functions are proved to generate a representation of the SO(3) group. An orthogonal relation of the inclination functions is derived and some recurrence relations for the inclination functions are given, based on which an algorithm to calculate the inclination functions is proposed.

关键词： SO(3)group inclination function satellite geodesy representation of SO(3)

Observation of gapless corner modes of photonic crystal slabs in synthetic translation dimensions

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Photonics Research 2024年第3期12卷 444-455页

作者： wen-JIN ZHANG HAO-CHANG MO wen-JIE CHEN xiao-DONG CHEN JIAN-wen DONG School of Physics&State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China

Second-order topological photonic crystals support localized corner modes that deviate from the conventional bulk-edge ***,the frequency shift of corner modes spanning the photonic band gap has not been experimentally ***,we observe the gapless corner modes of photonic crystal slabs within a parameter space by considering translation as an additional synthetic *** corner modes,protected by topological pumping in synthetic translation dimensions,are found to exist independently of the specific corner *** gapless corner modes are experimentally imaged via the near-field scanning measurement and validated numerically by full-wave *** propose a topological rainbow with gradient translation,demonstrating the ability to extract and separate specific frequency components of light into different spatial *** work contributes to the advancement of topological photonics and provides valuable insights into the exploration of gapless corner modes in synthetic dimensions.

关键词： translation dimensions corner

Lightweight,Strong and High Heat-Resistant Poly(lactide acid)Foams via Microcellular Injection Molding with Self-Assembly Nucleating Agent

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第6期42卷 739-750页

作者： xiao-Hu Bing wen-Yu Ma Ming-Hui Wu Peng Gao xiao Zhou Hai-Bin Luo Long Wang wen-Ge Zheng School of materials Science and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai200444China Ningbo Key Lab of Polymer Materials Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo315201China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Poly(lactide acid)(PLA)foams have shown considerable promise as eco-friendly alternatives to nondegradable plastic foams,such as polystyrene(PS)***,PLA foam typically suffers from low heat-resistance and poor cellular structure stemming from its inherent slow crystallization rate and low melt *** this study,a high-performance PLA foam with well-defined cell morphology,exceptional strength and enhanced heat-resistance was successfully fabricated via a core-back microcellular injection molding(MIM)*** scanning calorimetry(DSC)results revealed that the added hydrazine-based nucleating agent(HNA)significantly increased the crystallization temperature and accelerated the crystallization process of ***,the addition of a 1.5 wt%of HNA led to a significant reduction in PLA’s cell size,from 43.5µm to 2.87µm,and a remarkable increase in cell density,from 1.08×10^(7)cells/cm^(3)to 2.15×10^(10)cells/cm^(3).This enhancement resulted in a final crystallinity of approximately 55.7%for the PLA blend foam,a marked improvement compared to the pure PLA ***,at 1.5 wt%HNA concentration,the tensile strength and tensile toughness of PLA blend foams demonstrated remarkable improvements of 136%and 463%,***,the Vicat softening temperature of PLA blend foam increased significantly to 134.8°C,whereas the pure PLA foam exhibited only about 59.7℃.These findings underscore the potential for the preparation of lightweight injection-molded PLA foam with enhanced toughness and heat-resistance,which offers a viable approach for the production of high-performance PLA foams suitable for large-scale applications.

关键词： Poly(lactide acid) Nucleating agent Microcellular injection molding Heat-resistance Toughness

Sliced Average Variance Estimation for Tensor Data

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2024年第3期40卷 630-655页

作者： Chuan-quan LI Pei-wen xiao Chao YING xiao-hui LIU School of Statistics Jiangxi University of Finance and EconomicsNanchang 330013China Key Laboratory of Data Science in Finance and Economics Jiangxi University of Finance and EconomicsNanchang 330013China Biostatistics and Medical Informatics University of Wisconsin MadisonMadison 53726USA

Tensor data have been widely used in many fields,e.g.,modern biomedical imaging,chemometrics,and economics,but often suffer from some common issues as in high dimensional *** to find their low-dimensional latent structure has been of great interest for *** this end,we develop two efficient tensor sufficient dimension reduction methods based on the sliced average variance estimation(SAVE)to estimate the corresponding dimension reduction *** first one,entitled tensor sliced average variance estimation(TSAVE),works well when the response is discrete or takes finite values,but is not■consistent for continuous response;the second one,named bias-correction tensor sliced average variance estimation(CTSAVE),is a de-biased version of the TSAVE *** asymptotic properties of both methods are derived under mild *** and real data examples are also provided to show the superiority of the efficiency of the developed methods.

关键词： tensor data sliced average variance estimation sufficient dimension reduction central subspace

Acetaminophen overdose-induced acute liver injury can be alleviated by static magnetic field

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Zoological Research 2024年第3期45卷 478-490页

作者： Han-xiao Chen Xin-Yu Wang Biao Yu Chuan-Lin Feng Guo-Feng Cheng Lei Zhang Jun-Jun Wang Ying Wang ruo-wen Guo Xin-Miao Ji wen-Jing Xie Wei-Li Chen Chao Song Xin Zhang CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology High Magnetic Field LaboratoryHefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefeiAnhui 230031China Science Island Branch of Graduate School University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui 230026China Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui UniversityHefeiAnhui 230601China

Acetaminophen(APAP),the most frequently used mild analgesic and antipyretic drug worldwide,is implicated in causing 46%of all acute liver failures in the USA and between 40%and 70%in *** predominant pharmacological intervention approved for mitigating such overdose is the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine(NAC);however,its efficacy is limited in cases of advanced liver injury or when administered at a late *** the current study,we discovered that treatment with a moderate intensity static magnetic field(SMF)notably reduced the mortality rate in mice subjected to high-dose APAP from 40%to 0%,proving effective at both the initial liver injury stage and the subsequent recovery *** the early phase of liver injury,SMF markedly reduced APAPinduced oxidative stress,free radicals,and liver damage,resulting in a reduction in multiple oxidative stress markers and an increase in the antioxidant glutathione(GSH).During the later stage of liver recovery,application of vertically downward SMF increased DNA synthesis and hepatocyte ***,the combination of NAC and SMF significantly mitigated liver damage induced by high-dose APAP and increased liver recovery,even 24 h post overdose,when the effectiveness of NAC alone substantially ***,this study provides a noninvasive non-pharmaceutical tool that offers dual benefits in the injury and repair stages following APAP *** note,this tool can work as an alternative to or in combination with NAC to prevent or minimize liver damage induced by APAP,and potentially other toxic overdoses.

关键词： Acetaminophen Acute liver injury Static magnetic fields Oxidative stress DNA synthesis

Numerical analysis of coupled sloshing and motion of a cylindrical FPSO in regular waves

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第3期36卷 457-465页

作者： Wei-wen Zhao xiao-long Yang De-cheng Wan Computational Marine Hydrodynamics Lab(CMHL) School of Naval ArchitectureOcean and Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China Offshore Oil Engineering Co.Ltd. Tianjin300461China

In this paper,the coupled sloshing and motion characteristics of a cylindrical floating production storage offloading(CFPSO)are numerically investigated by means of computational fluid dynamics(CFD)*** simulations are performed using an in-house CFD solver naoe-FOAM-SJTU which is developed based on *** active wave generating-absorbing boundary condition(GABC)is utilized for wave generation and *** stabilized k-omega SST turbulence model are used to avoid excessive eddy viscosity near the free *** with and without partially filled liquid tanks in regular waves with different wave periods are simulated and vertical planar motions such as surge,heave and pitch response amplitude operators(RAOs)are *** due to liquid sloshing and wave loads are extracted and *** free surface motions inside liquid tanks in one wave period presented to explain the motion characteristics.

关键词： Coupled analysis liquid sloshing wave motion cylindrical floating production storage offloading(CFPSO)

CdS/LaFeO_(3) heterojunctions with improved optical properties for visible-light catalytic applications

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第5期42卷 879-888,I0003页

作者： Jiaqi Wei wen Zhu Xuelian Xu xiao Xu Junjiang Zhu Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-dyeing&Finishing College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringWuhan Textile University ChemistryWuhan430200China

Construction of heterojunctions is a normal and effective strategy to improve the photocatalytic performances of semiconductors,through which both the lifetime and the redox ability of electrons/holes can be improved,as co mpared to the respective *** this basis,we constructed Z-scheme CdS/LaFeO_(3) heterojunctions(CdS/LFO),by in-situ growing different amounts of CdS on the surface of LaFeO_(3),for photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride(TC)in aqueous solution at room *** crystal structure,surface morphology and optoelectronic properties of the COS/LFO heterojunctions were systemically characterized to correlate the reaction *** tests indicate that the CdS/LFO heterojunctions exhibit promising activity for TC degradation under visible light irradiation(λ≥420 nm),with 85%TC conversion obtained at reaction time of 45 min,which is 3.4 and 1.9 times higher than that of CdS and LaFeO_(3).The CdS/LFO heterojunctions are also stable in the reaction and can be reused for four cycles with no appreciable activity *** applicability of CdS/LFO to photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes,as well as the reaction mechanism,was also explored.

关键词： LaFeO_(3) CdS Photocatalytic degradation Tetracycline hydrochloride Reaction mechanism Rare earths