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Alkaline leaching mechanism of MSWI bottom ash: the pivotal role of Si(Al) chemical bonding environments

Science China Technological Sciences 2025年

作者： Ningning SHAO Zekun JIAO Weipeng FENG yu JIN Fanlong KONG Zhijun DONG Zuotai zhang Institute of Technology for Marine Civil Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology (SZIIT) Guizhou NASH Ecological Technology Co. LTD School of Environmental Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen City Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech)

Municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash(MSWIBA) is a complex assemblage of aluminosilicate materials encompassing diverse solid wastes. Thus, its complexity poses great challenges to their resource utilization. For the sake of the alkali activation use of MSWIBA, this work focused on the characterizations and alkaline leaching experiments of various classified MSWIBA after sorting. Among the different categories of MSWIBA, waste glass(BA-G) and other unidentified slags(BA-O) were identified as potential precursors for alkali activation use. The alkaline leaching experiments proved that alkaline concentration, reaction temperature, reaction time, and raw material classification influenced the leaching process and results. Among these, the Si/Al chemical bonding environments from the material type played a pivotal role. When the materials had Qn(n>2) as the primary bonding structure, steric hindrance by the chain frameworks affected the alkali dissolution process, resulting in gradual disintegration from the outer layers inward. For the materials dominated by Q1frameworks, OH-could penetrate the frameworks, leading to their rapid depolymerization and outward dissolution. Overall, the Si/Al bonding environment played a crucial role in alkaline dissolution, providing theoretical guidance for classifying the alkali-activation utilization of MSWIBA and other aluminosilicate solid wastes.

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Experimental demonstration of D-band signals wireless transmission over 30 km

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Science China Technological Sciences 2025年

作者： Yi WEI Xiongwei YANG Jianjun yu Xianming ZHAO Mingxu WANG Jingwen TAN Weiping LI Feng ZHAO Chengzhen BIAN Hansong MA Qinyi zhang Qiutong zhang Bing zhang Wen ZHOU Kaihui WANG Sicong XU Jianguo yu State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MoE)and School of Information Science and Technology Fudan University Harbin Institute of Technology School of Automation Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications School of Electronic Engineering Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications

Due to the rise of innovative technologies like artificial intelligence(AI),the Internet of Things(IoT), and telemedicine, the demand for internet traffic is rapidly increasing. In order to achieve ultra-high-speed wireless communication, many researchers are directing their efforts towards the Dband. The D-band, spanning the frequency band 110–170 GHz, has abundant spectrum resources and license-free characteristics [1,2].

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The optimal control theory——a scientific approach to fundamentally solving control problems

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 389-391页

作者： Huanshui zhang School of Electrical and Automation Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology School of Control Science and Engineering Shandong University

The maximum principle has bridged mathematical optimization to optimal control,ushering in significant developments and refinements in optimal control theory,notably during the 1960s with the advent of linear quadratic (LQ)control and linear quadratic estimation (LQE).This progression propelled optimal control theory into further advancements,encompassing stochastic control,robust/H-infinity control,model predictive control (MPC),networked control,and reinforcement learning *** control,established upon a rigorous mathematical foundation,extends static optimization theory to dynamic systems,exhibiting scientific essence,unity,and ***,since its inception,optimal control theory has served as an indispensable core role across all control-related domains,including communication-constrained control in networked systems,consensus control,cooperative control,and reinforcement learning control.

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Cohort study on the treatment of BRAF V600E mutant metastatic colorectal cancer with integrated Chinese and western medicine

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2025年第1期16卷 25-33页

作者： Jiang-yu Bian yu-Fang Feng Wen-Ting He Tong zhang Department of Oncology Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100091China Department of Oncology The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqi 830001China Department of Oncology Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqi 830001China

BACKGROUND Patients with BRAF V600E mutant metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC)have a low incidence rate,poor biological activity,suboptimal response to conventional treatments,and a poor *** the previous cohort study on mCRC conducted by our team,it was observed that integrated Chinese and Western medicine treatment could significantly prolong the overall survival(OS)of patients with colorectal ***,we further explored the survival benefits in the population with BRAF V600E mutant *** To evaluate the efficacy of integrated Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of BRAF V600E mutant metastatic colorectal *** A cohort study was conducted on patients with BRAF V600E mutant metastatic colorectal cancer admitted to Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from January 2016 to December *** patients were divided into two *** A total of 34 cases were included,with 23 in Chinese-Western medicine cohort(cohort A)and 11 in Western medicine cohort(cohort B).The median overall survival was 19.9 months in cohort A and 14.2 months in cohort B,with a statistically significant difference(P=0.038,hazard ratio=0.46).The 1-3-year survival rates were 95.65%(22/23),39.13%(9/23),and 26.09%(6/23)in cohort A,and 63.64%(7/11),18.18%(2/11),and 9.09%(1/11)in cohort B,*** analysis showed statistically significant differences in median OS between the two cohorts in the right colon,liver metastasis,chemotherapy,and first-line treatment subgroups(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Integrated Chinese and Western medicine can prolong the survival and reduce the risk of death in patients with BRAF V600E mutant metastatic colorectal cancer,with more pronounced benefits observed in patients with right colon involvement,liver metastasis,combined chemotherapy,and first-line treatment.

关键词： Metastatic colorectal cancer BRAF V600E mutation Integrated Chinese and Western medicine Cohort study

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Automatic and Rapid Throughflow-Based Optimal Design Method for Multi-Stage Axial-Flow Compressors

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 77-91页

作者： LEI Fan zhang Xiawen JU Yaping zhang Chuhua Department of Fluid Machinery and Engineering School of Energy and Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong University Production and Environmental Department China Huaneng Group.Co.Ltd. State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures Xi'an Jiaotong University

Throughflow design has the advantages of less time consumption and large optimization space,and thus is the corner stone of advanced design system of multi-stage axial-flow *** majority of relevant studies were limited to the throughflow inverse designs,and quite few works have been till now devoted to the throughflow optimal *** this work,an automatic and rapid throughflow-based optimal design method is proposed for axial-flow compressors in which a throughflow inverse design solver is embedded in optimal genetic algorithm to improve the design efficiency of axial-flow *** types of design parameters in the throughflow inverse design of axial-flow compressors,i.e.,swirl and shroud curve,are simultaneously used to optimize both the blade shape and flow *** proposed method is validated by the redesign optimization of the benchmark axial-flow compressor NASA Stage 35,and the CFD predictions show that the throughflow-based optimization leads to 1.18% efficiency benefit at design *** proposed method is then utilized to the two-dimensional throughflow optimal design of a large-scale 6.5-stage axial-flow industrial *** optimal design results are confirmed by CFD predictions,indicating that the proposed method can effectively improve the design adiabatic efficiency of the compressors by 1.09% within a few minutes on desk-top *** throughflow design implications are also obtained for advanced axial-flow industrial *** work could enhance the capability of throughflow design method and has engineering application value to explore the throughflow optimization space of multi-stage axial-flow compressors.

关键词： NASA

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High-dose dexamethasone regulates microglial polarization via the GR/JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway after traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2611-2623页

作者： Mengshi Yang Miao Bai yuan Zhuang Shenghua Lu Qianqian Ge Hao Li yu Deng Hongbin Wu Xiaojian Xu Fei Niu Xinlong Dong Bin zhang Baiyun Liu Beijing Tiantan Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Neurology The First Hospital of Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina Department of Neurotrauma and Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury Beijing Neurosurgical InstituteCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Critical Care Medicine Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Center for Nerve Injury and Repair Beijing Institute of Brain DisordersChina National Clinical Research Center for Neurological DiseasesBeijingChina

Although microglial polarization and neuroinflammation are crucial cellular responses after traumatic brain injury,the fundamental regulatory and functional mechanisms remain insufficiently *** potent anti-inflammato ry agents,the use of glucoco rticoids in traumatic brain injury is still controversial,and their regulatory effects on microglial polarization are not yet *** the present study,we sought to determine whether exacerbation of traumatic brain injury caused by high-dose dexamethasone is related to its regulatory effects on microglial polarization and its mechanisms of *** vitro cultured BV2 cells and primary microglia and a controlled cortical impact mouse model were used to investigate the effects of dexamethasone on microglial ***,dexamethasone,RU486(a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist),and ruxolitinib(a Janus kinase 1 antagonist)were ***-sequencing data obtained from a C57BL/6 mouse model of traumatic brain injury were used to identify potential targets of *** Morris water maze,quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,western blotting,immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy analysis,and TUNEL,Nissl,and Golgi staining were performed to investigate our ***-throughput sequencing results showed that arginase 1,a marker of M2 microglia,was significantly downregulated in the dexamethasone group compared with the traumatic brain injury group at3 days post-traumatic brain *** dexamethasone inhibited M1 and M2 microglia,with a more pronounced inhibitory effect on M2microglia in vitro and in *** receptor plays an indispensable role in microglial polarization after dexamethasone treatment following traumatic brain ***,glucocorticoid receptor activation increased the number of apoptotic cells and neuronal death,and also decreased the density of dendritic spines.A possible downstream receptor signaling mechanism is th

关键词： apoptosis BV2 microglia dexamethasone glucocorticoid receptor glucocorticoids innate immune system microglial polarization neuroinflammation primary microglia traumatic brain injury

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ImSpiRE: image feature-aided spatial resolution enhancement method

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 272-283页

作者： yuwei Hua Yizhi zhang Zhenming Guo Shan Bian Yong zhang State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases and Medical Innovation Center Institute for Regenerative MedicineDepartment of NeurosurgeryShanghai East HospitalShanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease ResearchFrontier Science Center for Stem Cell ResearchSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji University

The resolution of most spatially resolved transcriptomic technologies usually cannot attain the single-cell level, limiting their applications in biological discoveries. Here, we introduce ImSpiRE, an image feature-aided spatial resolution enhancement method for in situ capturing spatial transcriptome. Taking the information stored in histological images, ImSpiRE solves an optimal transport problem to redistribute the expression profiles of spots to construct new transcriptional profiles with enhanced resolution, together with extending the gene expression profiles into unmeasured regions. Applications to multiple datasets confirm that ImSpiRE can enhance spatial resolution to the subspot level while contributing to the discovery of tissue domains, signaling communication patterns, and spatiotemporal characterization.

关键词： spatial transcriptome histological images spatial resolution enhancement

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Thermally triggered topological polymerization in diacetylene-functionalized covalent organic framework toward enhanced memristive properties

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Panke Zhou yuxing Huang Ziyue yu Cong zhang Qian Chen Yiping Li Chao Lin Xiong Chen State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon-Based Functional MaterialsCollege of Chemistry Fuzhou University

The development of stimuli-responsive switching memory devices and the elucidation of their switching mechanisms in specific environments are crucial for advancing the field of molecular electronics. Herein, we propose two distinct two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (COFs), namely Py-EDA and Py-BDA, incorporating acetylene (-C≡C-) or diacetylene(-C≡C-C≡C-) moieties, respectively, targeting fabricate memory devices exhibiting stimuli-responsive switching *** findings demonstrate that the incorporation of acetylene units effectively modulates the electronic band structure and enhances the degree ofπ-conjugation, resulting in devices that exhibit typical bipolar nonvolatile memory performance. Notably,upon thermal treatment, the memory behavior of the ITO/Py-BDA/Ag device transitions to a write-once-read-many-times(WORM) mode, displaying decreased SET voltage, increased ON/OFF current ratio, and remarkable retention reliability and cycle stability. This switching behavior is attributed to the occurrence of interlayer solid-state topological polymerization at 350℃, leading to the transformation of diacetylene columnar arrays into enyne chains within Py-BDA, thereby further promoting interlayer charge transfer and separation.

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Aerodynamic Optimization and Flow Mechanism for a Compressor Cascade at Low Reynolds Number

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 92-109页

作者： LI Lin zhang Jianshe CHEN Caiyan TAN Wei zhang Yanfeng Key Laboratory of Light-Duty Gas-Turbine Institute of Engineering ThermophysicsChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Light-duty Gas-turbine

Low-Reynolds-number effect is an important factor affecting the performance of compressors and other main components of high-altitude long-endurance unmanned aerial *** improve the flow condition and reduce flow loss under the condition of high altitude and low Reynolds number(Re),this paper proposes an optimization process based on a surrogate model,which combines the class-shape transformation method(CST),the Latin hypercube sampling(LHS) method,the light gradient-boosting machine algorithm(LightGBM),and a genetic algorithm(GA) to optimize a high-subsonic compressor *** surrogate model is verified to be accurate and can be used in the optimization *** accuracy of the GA is higher than the other algorithms under common test *** optimization results are verified by numerical simulation,and the flow differences before and after optimization are compared,especially the flow within the boundary *** changing the blade shape,the optimization process adjusts the loading distribution to delay the transition of the optimized blade on the suction surface,which changes the turbulent reattachment in the laminar separation bubble(LSB) into laminar ***,the mixing loss induced by the turbulent reattachment of the LSB and the wake loss of turbulent separation at the trailing edge are significantly reduced,and the performance of the compressor profile is finally *** addition,turbulent separation of the optimized profile is delayed reducing the range of the wake region on the suction *** this optimization process,the reduction of total pressure loss coefficient at Re of 2.5×10～5,3.5×10～5,and 4.5×10～5 are 16.32%,20.76%,and 22.16%,respectively.

关键词： Reynolds number

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Numerical Study of Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Shell-and-Tube Molten Salt Electric Heater with Circularly Perforated Baffles

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 24-33页

作者： LIN Yongjie zhang Cancan WU yuting zhang Yi LU yuanwei Key Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Energy Conversion National User-Side Energy Storage Innovation Research and Development CenterBeijing University of Technology

Numerical simulations of the flow and heat transfer characteristics of four shell-and-tube molten salt electric heaters with different perforation rates was ***-and-tube electric heaters have the same geometry and tube arrangement,and all of them use single segmental baffles,but there exist four different baffle openings（φ）,i.e.,0%,2.52%,4.06%,and 6.31%.The results indicated that the reasonable baffle opening could significantly reduce the shell-side pressure drop,effectively decreasing the shell-side flow dead zone *** can eliminate the local high-temperature phenomenon on the surface of electric heating tubes,but the heat transfer coefficient is slightly *** perforated schemes significantly reduce shell-side pressure drop compared to the baseline solution without open *** particular,the φ=6.31% scheme exhibits the optimal performance among all the schemes,with a maximum reduction of up to 50.50% in shell-side pressure drop relative to the unopened holes *** heat transfer coefficient is the highest for φ=0%,exhibiting a range of5.26% to 5.73%,5.14% to 5.99%,and 7.31% to 8.54% higher than φ=2.52%,4.06%,and 6.31%,respectively,within the calculated *** composite index h/（Δp）1/3was higher for all open-hole solutions than that for the unopened-hole *** best overall performance was for φ=6.31%,which improved the composite index by15.29% to 17.18% over the unopened-hole solution.

关键词： molten salt electric heater perforated baffles heat transfer

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