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Leucine-Rich Repeat Protein Family Regulates Stress Tolerance and Development in Plants

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Rice science 2025年第1期32卷 32-43页

作者： HAO Zhiqi WANG Tingyi CHEN Dongdong SHEN Lan ZHANG Guangheng qian qian zhu Li State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China Yazhouwan National Laboratory Sanya 572024China National Nanfan Research Institute(Sanya) Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesSanya 572024China

The leucine-rich repeat(LRR)protein family is involved in a variety of fundamental metabolic and signaling processes in plants,including growth and defense *** proteins can be divided into two categories:those containing LRR domains along with other structural elements,which are further subdivided into five groups,LRR receptor-like kinases,LRR receptor-like proteins,nucleotide-binding site LRR proteins,LRR-extensin proteins,and polygalacturonase-inhibiting proteins,and those containing only LRR ***,various LRR proteins are primarily involved in plant development and responses to environmental ***,the LRR protein family plays a central role in signal transduction pathways related to stress *** this review,we classify and analyze the functions of LRR proteins in *** extensive research has been conducted on the roles of LRR proteins in disease resistance signaling,these proteins also play important roles in abiotic stress *** review highlights recent advances in understanding how LRR proteins mediate responses to biotic and abiotic *** upon these insights,further exploration of the roles of LRR proteins in abiotic stress resistance may aid efforts to develop rice varieties with enhanced stress and disease tolerance.

关键词： leucine-rich repeat classification function stress tolerance plant development

Recent advancements in noble-metal electrocatalysts for alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第1期36卷 176-200页

作者： Guoliang Gao Guangzhen Zhao Guang zhu Bowen Sun Zixu Sun Shunli Li Ya-qian Lan Key Laboratory of Spin Electron and Nanomaterials of Anhui Higher Education Institutes Suzhou UniversitySuzhou 234000China Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and EngineeringHenan UniversityKaifeng 475004China School of Chemistry South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

Available online Alkaline water electrolysis(AWE)is a prominent technique for obtaining a sustainable hydrogen source and effectively managing the energy *** metal-based electrocatalysts,owing to their exceptional hydrogen binding energy,exhibit remarkable catalytic activity and long-term stability in the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).However,the restricted accessibility and exorbitant cost of noble-metal materials pose obstacles to their extensive adoption in industrial *** review investigates strategies aimed at reducing the dependence on noble-metal electrocatalysts and developing a cost-effective alkaline HER catalyst,while considering the principles of sustainable *** initial discussion covers the fundamental principle of HER,followed by an overview of prevalent techniques for synthesizing catalysts based on noble metals,along with a thorough examination of recent *** subsequent discussion focuses on the strategies employed to improve noble metalbased catalysts,including enhancing the intrinsic activity at active sites and increasing the quantity of active ***,this investigation concludes by examining the present state and future direction of research in the field of electrocatalysis for the HER.

关键词： Hydrogen evolution reaction Alkaline water electrolysis Electrocatalysts Noble metal-based Synthesis method Modification strategy

Reversible phase transition poly(benzyl methacrylate)/ionic liquid electrolytes for effective overheating protection in lithium batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 76-86页

作者： qian Yu Wei Sun Jialing zhu Haoxiang Li Shuai Wang Longqing Huang qian Qiu Haoran Tian He Miao Fu Wang Chunfei Zhang Jinliang Yuan Lan Xia Ningbo Innovation Team on New Energies and Marine Applications Faculty of Maritime and Transportation Ningbo University Technical University of Munich TUM School of Natural Sciences Department of Physics Chair for Functional Materials

Battery safety is influenced by various factors,with thermal runaway being one of the most significant *** most studies have concentrated on developing one-time,self-activating mechanism for thermal protection,such as temperature-responsive electrodes,and thermal-shutdown separators,these methods only provide irreversible ***,reversible temperature-sensitive electrolytes have emerged as promising alternatives,offering both thermo-reversibility and self-protective ***,further research is crucial to fully understand these thermal-shutdown *** this study,we propose lower critical solution temperature(LCST) phase behavior poly(benzyl methacrylate)/imidazolium-based ionic liquid mixtures to prepare temperature-sensitive electrolytes that provide reversible thermal shutdown protection of *** electrolyte features an appropriate protection temperature(～105℃) and responds quickly within a 1 min at 105℃,causing cells to hardly discharge as the voltage suddenly drops to 3.38 V,and providing efficient thermal shutdown protection within 30 *** cooling back to room temperature,the battery regains its original ***,the electrolyte exhibits excellent cycling stability with the capacity retention of the battery is 91.6% after 500 *** work provides a viable solution for preventing batteries from thermal runaway triggered by overheating.

关键词： Ionic liquid Lithium-ion battery Lower critical solution temperature Overheating Safety Thermal runaway

Efficient continuous synthesis of 2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]malonic acid,a key intermediate of Triflumezopyrim,coupling with esterification-condensation-hydrolysis

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第1期36卷 234-238页

作者： Yuexiang Liu Xiangqiao Yang Tong Lin Guantian Yang Xiaoyong Xu Bubing Zeng Zhong Li Weiping zhu Xuhong qian Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology School of PharmacyEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cexll Metabolism School of PharmacyEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry Ministry of EducationSchool of PharmacyEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes Department of ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China

Triflumezopyrim(TFM)is a novel mesoionic pyrido[1,2-α]pyrimidinones insecticide,which acts on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors(n ACh Rs)and has no cross-resistance with other ***,we firstly developed a new continuous flow approach to synthesis 2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]malonic acid,a key intermate of TFM,coupling with esterification,condensation,and *** three-step reactions were optimized and transformed into a continuous synthesis mode by three micro reaction *** with the batch mode,the total reaction time and overall separation yield were improved from more than 12 h and 60%to 18 min and 73.38%,*** solvent consumption and waste emission were significantly reduced,which also provides an eco-friendly and efficient potential tool for the development and production of mesoionic pyrido[1,2-α]pyrimidinones insecticide.

关键词： Triflumezopyrim(TFM) 2-[3-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl]malonic acid Continuous flow synthesis Micro-reactor

The third dimension of alpine plant leaf traits is related to cold-tolerance

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Plant Diversity 2025年第1期47卷 159-165页

作者： Yuan Wang Ji Suonan Kun Liu Yanni Gao Sihao zhu qian Liu Ning Zhao State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina College of Life Sciences Qinghai Normal UniversityXiningChina College of Ecology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-process and Function Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijingChina

Alpine plants possess unique traits to adapt alpine *** leaf trait relationships of alpine plants can be captured by the two trait dimensions of organ size and resource economics is *** hypothesized that,beyond the trait dimensions of leaf size and resource economics,nonstructured carbohydrates(NSC)would reflect a dimension of cold-tolerance in alpine *** test this hypothesis,we measured 12 leaf traits critical to leaf construction and growth in 143 species across 7 sites ranging from alpine steppes to alpine meadows along an environmental gradient on the Tibetan ***,a cold resistance experiment was conducted at one of these sites to estimate the lethal temperature causing 50%frost damage(LT_(50))of 11 alpine *** majority of variations in 12 leaf traits of alpine plants were captured by three trait axes,in which leaf carbon(LCC)and NSC(including leaf starch;LSC and leaf soluble sugars;LSS)were clustered in a new dimension(PC3)beyond leaf size and structure,and resource *** LCC,LSC and LSS all showed negative correlations with mean annual temperature,a significant negative correlation was only found between LSS and LT_(50).It indicated that PC3 was able to reflect the cold-tolerance of alpine plants to some extent,in which LSS was the most critical *** storage and transformation of NSC under stressful conditions could reflect a dimension of long-term metabolic adaptation and cold-tolerance,which is an extension of the resource-utilization strategy beyond construction cost and growth.

关键词： Non-structured carbohydrates Resource economics Stress resistance Trait relationships The lethal temperature causing 50%frost damage(LT50)

A low-cost wide bandgap polymer based on carboxylate substituted thiazole enables efficient organic solar cells with remarkable batch-to-batch reproducibility

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SCIENCE CHINA-CHEMISTRY 2025年第2期68卷 733-744页

作者： zhu, Xiaodong Lei, Yuchen Gao, Jianhong He, Yanjun Liu, Jinsicheng Guo, qian Gao, Xiang Xiong, Liwei Wang, Xunchang Yang, Renqiang Liu, Zhitian Wuhan Inst Technol Hubei Engn Technol Res Ctr Optoelect & New Energy Sch Mat Sci & Engn Hubei Key Lab Plasma Chem & Adv Mat Wuhan 430205 Peoples R China Jianghan Univ Sch Optoelect Mat & Technol Key Lab Optoelect Chem Mat & Devices Minist Educ Wuhan 430056 Peoples R China

Constructing the low-cost, high-efficiency, and good batch-to-batch reproducibility polymer donor is vitally important for the application of organic solar cells. Herein, we develop a structurally simple carboxylate-substituted thiazole as an electron-withdrawing building block to construct a low-cost polymer, PBTTzE, containing a facilely prepared chlorinated benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b ']dithiophene (BDTCl) donor unit. Benefiting from synergistic electron deficient effects of chlorination and ester group and C=N, as well as the noncovalent interaction of S & ctdot;O and S & ctdot;N, PBTTzE exhibits a deep HOMO energy level (-5.59 eV), and a planar skeleton structure. When combined with the IT-4F acceptor, the polymer (54 kDa) demonstrated a champion PCE of 15.87%, which is the highest value in the IT-4F-based binary devices to date. Moreover, PBTTzE exhibits excellent batch-to-batch reproducibility due to its very similar PCEs within a range of 43-76 kDa. In addition, an alloyed state and complementary absorption can be formed between PM6 and PBTTzE. Therefore, in a ternary device with PBTTzE added to the PM6:BTP-eC9 blend, a top PCE of 18.76% is achieved due to the suppressed energy loss, prolonged exciton diffusion distance, and improved charge transport. Our work demonstrates that the carboxylate-substituted thiazole is a highly promising acceptor unit for constructing low-cost and high-performance polymers.

关键词： carboxylate substituted thiazole polymer donor low-cost batch-to-batch reproducibility organic solar cells

How Do Deep Learning Forecasting Models Perform for Surface Variables in the South China Sea Compared to Operational Oceanography Forecasting Systems?

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2025年第1期42卷 178-189页

作者： Ziqing ZU Jiangjiang XIA Xueming zhu Marie DREVILLON Huier MO Xiao LOU qian ZHOU Yunfei ZHANG Qing YANG Key Laboratory of Marine Hazards Forecasting National Marine Environmental Forecasting CenterMinistry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia(RCE-TEA) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(zhuhai) Zhuhai 519000China Mercator Ocean International Ramonville Saint Agne 31400France

It is fundamental and useful to investigate how deep learning forecasting models(DLMs)perform compared to operational oceanography forecast systems(OFSs).However,few studies have intercompared their performances using an identical *** this study,three physically reasonable DLMs are implemented for the forecasting of the sea surface temperature(SST),sea level anomaly(SLA),and sea surface velocity in the South China *** DLMs are validated against both the testing dataset and the“OceanPredict”Class 4 *** show that the DLMs'RMSEs against the latter increase by 44%,245%,302%,and 109%for SST,SLA,current speed,and direction,respectively,compared to those against the ***,different references have significant influences on the validation,and it is necessary to use an identical and independent reference to intercompare the DLMs and *** the Class 4 dataset,the DLMs present significantly better performance for SLA than the OFSs,and slightly better performances for other *** error patterns of the DLMs and OFSs show a high degree of similarity,which is reasonable from the viewpoint of predictability,facilitating further applications of the *** extreme events,the DLMs and OFSs both present large but similar forecast errors for SLA and current speed,while the DLMs are likely to give larger errors for SST and current *** study provides an evaluation of the forecast skills of commonly used DLMs and provides an example to objectively intercompare different DLMs.

关键词： forecast error deep learning forecasting model operational oceanography forecasting system validation intercomparison

High-resolution Simulation Dataset of Hourly PM_2.5 Chemical Composition in China (CAQRA-aerosol) from 2013 to 2020

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ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES 2025年第4期42卷 697-712页

作者： Kong, Lei Tang, Xiao zhu, Jiang Wang, Zifa Liu, Bing zhu, Yuanyuan zhu, Lili Chen, Duohong Hu, Ke Wu, Huangjian Wu, qian Shen, Jin Sun, Yele Liu, Zirui Xin, Jinyuan Ji, Dongsheng Zheng, Mei Chinese Acad Sci Inst Atmospher Phys Beijing 100029 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China China Natl Environm Monitoring Ctr Beijing 100012 Peoples R China Guangdong Ecol Environm Monitoring Ctr Guangzhou 510308 Peoples R China Wuhan Environm Monitoring Ctr Hubei 430015 Peoples R China Hubei Prov Acad Ecoenvironm Sci Hubei 430072 Peoples R China Peking Univ Beijing 100871 Peoples R China

Scientific knowledge on the chemical compositions of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is essential for properly assessing its health and climate effects, and for decisionmakers to develop efficient mitigation strategies. A high-resolution PM2.5 chemical composition dataset (CAQRA-aerosol) is developed in this study, which provides hourly maps of organic carbon, black carbon, ammonium, nitrate, and sulfate in China from 2013 to 2020 with a horizontal resolution of 15 km. This paper describes the method, access, and validation results of this dataset. It shows that CAQRA-aerosol has good consistency with observations and achieves higher or comparable accuracy with previous PM2.5 composition datasets. Based on CAQRA-aerosol, spatiotemporal changes of different PM2.5 compositions were investigated from a national viewpoint, which emphasizes different changes of nitrate from other compositions. The estimated annual rate of population-weighted concentrations of nitrate is 0.23 mu g m(-3) yr(-1) from 2015 to 2020, compared with -0.19 to -1.1 mu g m(-3) yr(-1) for other compositions. The whole dataset is freely available from the China Air Pollution Data Center (https://***/10.12423/capdb_***).

关键词： PM2.5 composition dataset black carbon organic carbon ammonium nitrate sulfate

Chiral phosphoramidite ligand-modulated palladium auto-tandem catalysis for asymmetric dehydrogenative dienylation of imines with α-alkenes

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Zhong-Sheng Nong Hao-Fan qian Ying-Chun Chen Pu-Sheng Wang Liu-zhu Gong Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System (Sichuan University) Ministry of Education and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University School of Materials and Chemistry Southwest University of Science and Technology

The development of efficient processes allowing rapid access to complex chiral molecules from easily available alkenes is a long-term pursuit in the synthetic chemistry community. Transition metal-catalyzed asymmetric functionalization of allylic C–H bond represents a unique alternative toward this goal. However, enantioselective dehydrogenative transformation of olefins to value-added optically enriched molecules remains yet to be discovered. Here, we report a highly enantioselective dehydrogenative dienylation of imines with unactivated α-alkenes driven by the synergistic action of palladium complex and carboxylic acid. Chiral phosphoramidite ligands turned out to be superior in modulating the performance of palladium autotandem catalysis and allowed a broad range of α-alkenes and imines to be transformed into chiral dienylamines. Mechanistic studies suggest that the dienes could be in situ generated from α-alkenes through a palladium(0)-mediated dehydrogenative process in the presence of excess benzoquinone oxidants, and then participated in the Pd-chiral phosphoramidite-catalyzed intermolecular vinylogous-type addition to the imines activated by the carboxylic acid co-catalyst. Notably, the second β-H elimination occurring in the dienylation event might be the turnover-limiting step.

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