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Multi-Stream Temporally Enhanced Network for Video Salient Object Detection

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 85-104页

作者： dan xu Jiale Ru Jinlong Shi School of Computer Science Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang212100China

Video salient object detection(VSOD)aims at locating the most attractive objects in a video by exploring the spatial and temporal features.VSOD poses a challenging task in computer vision,as it involves processing complex spatial data that is also influenced by temporal dynamics.Despite the progress made in existing VSOD models,they still struggle in scenes of great background diversity within and between frames.Additionally,they encounter difficulties related to accumulated noise and high time consumption during the extraction of temporal features over a long-term duration.We propose a multi-stream temporal enhanced network(MSTENet)to address these problems.It investigates saliency cues collaboration in the spatial domain with a multi-stream structure to deal with the great background diversity challenge.A straightforward,yet efficient approach for temporal feature extraction is developed to avoid the accumulative noises and reduce time consumption.The distinction between MSTENet and other VSOD methods stems from its incorporation of both foreground supervision and background supervision,facilitating enhanced extraction of collaborative saliency cues.Another notable differentiation is the innovative integration of spatial and temporal features,wherein the temporal module is integrated into the multi-stream structure,enabling comprehensive spatial-temporal interactions within an end-to-end framework.Extensive experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves state-of-the-art performance on five benchmark datasets while maintaining a real-time speed of 27 fps(Titan XP).Our code and models are available at https://***/RuJiaLe/MSTENet.

关键词： Video salient object detection deep learning temporally enhanced foreground-background collaboration

Endoscopic treatment of bleeding gastric ulcer causing gastric wall necrosis:A case report

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第4期16卷 1203-1207页

作者： Wei-Feng Li ruo-Yu Gao Jing-Wen xu Xi-Qiu Yu Department of Gastroenterology Shenzhen Luohu People’s HospitalShenzhen 518020Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Gastric wall necrosis is a rare complication of endoscopic treatment for bleeding gastric ulcer,which may exacerbate the patient’s condition once it occurs and may even require surgical intervention for treatment.CASE SUMMARY A 59-year-old man was admitted to our department with melena.Endoscopy revealed a giant ulcer in the gastric antrum with a visible vessel in its center,which was treated with sclerosants and tissue glue injection and resulted in necrosis of the gastric wall.CONCLUSION Injection of sclerosants and tissue glue may lead to gastric wall necrosis,which is a serious complication.Therefore,before administering this treatment to patients,we should consider other more effective methods of hemostasis to avoid gastric wall necrosis.

关键词： Bleeding gastric ulcer Sclerotherapy Lauromacrogol Tissue adhesive Gastric wall necrosis Case report

Application of a microscopic optical potential of chiral effective field theory in (p, d) transfer reactions

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第1期35卷 134-144页

作者： Yi-Ping xu Si-Lu Chen dan-Yang Pang School of Nuclear Science and Engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China School of Physics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

The microscopic global nucleon–nucleus optical model potential(OMP)proposed by Whitehead,Lim,and Holt,the WLH potential(Whitehead et al.,Phys Rev Lett 127:182502,2021),which was constructed in the framework of many-body per-turbation theory with state-of-the-art nuclear interactions from chiral effective field theory(EFT),was tested with(p,d)transfer reactions calculated using adiabatic wave approximation.The target nuclei included both stable and unstable nuclei,and the incident energies reached 200 MeV.The results were compared with experimental data and predictions using the phenomenological global optical potential of Koning and Delaroche,the KD02 potential.Overall,we found that the micro-scopic WLH potential described the(p,d)reaction angular distributions similarly to the phenomenological KD02 potential;however,the former was slightly better than the latter for radioactive targets.On average,the obtained spectroscopic factors(SFs)using both microscopic and phenomenological potentials were similar when the incident energies were below approxi-mately 120 MeV.However,their difference tended to increase at higher incident energies,which was particularly apparent for the doubly magic target nucleus 40Ca.

关键词： Microscopic optical model potential (p,d)transfer Spectroscopic factors

Core and variable antimicrobial resistance genes in the gut microbiomes of Chinese and European pigs

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Zoological Research 2024年第1期45卷 189-200页

作者： Cui-Hong Tong Zhi-Peng Huo Lu Diao dan-Yu Xiao ruo-Nan Zhao Zhen-Ling Zeng Wen-Guang Xiong Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510642China National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria College of Veterinary MedicineSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510642China National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation(Environmental Assessment)of Veterinary Drugs South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510642China National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510642China

Monitoring the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance genes(ARGs)is vital for addressing the global crisis of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections.Despite its importance,the characterization of ARGs and microbiome structures,as well as the identification of indicators for routine ARG monitoring in pig farms,are still lacking,particularly concerning variations in antimicrobial exposure in different countries or regions.Here,metagenomics and random forest machine learning were used to elucidate the ARG profiles,microbiome structures,and ARG contamination indicators in pig manure under different antimicrobial pressures between China and Europe.Results showed that Chinese pigs exposed to high-level antimicrobials exhibited higher total and plasmid-mediated ARG abundances compared to those in European pigs(P<0.05).ANT(6)-Ib,APH(3')-IIIa,and tet(40)were identified as shared core ARGs between the two pig populations.Furthermore,the core ARGs identified in pig populations were correlated with those found in human populations within the same geographical regions.Lactobacillus and Prevotella were identified as the dominant genera in the core microbiomes of Chinese and European pigs,respectively.Forty ARG markers and 43 biomarkers were able to differentiate between the Chinese and European pig manure samples with accuracies of 100%and 98.7%,respectively.Indicators for assessing ARG contamination in Chinese and European pigs also achieved high accuracy(r=0.72-0.88).Escherichia flexneri in both Chinese and European pig populations carried between 21 and 37 ARGs.The results of this study emphasize the importance of global collaboration in reducing antimicrobial resistance risk and provide validated indicators for evaluating the risk of ARG contamination in pig farms.

关键词： Metagenomic Pig manure Antimicrobial pressure Antimicrobial resistance genes Microbiome

Utility of real-time 3D visualization system in the early stage of phacoemulsification training

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第3期17卷 577-582页

作者： Zhe xu dan Chen Jing-Wei xu Yi-xuan Feng Ce Shi Li Zhang Wen xu Eye Center the Second Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310009Zhejiang ProvinceChina Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Hangzhou 310009Zhejiang ProvinceChina Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases Hangzhou 310009Zhejiang ProvinceChina Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases Hangzhou 310009Zhejiang ProvinceChina

●AIM:To determine the teaching effects of a real-time three dimensional(3D)visualization system in the operating room for early-stage phacoemulsification training.●METHODS:A total of 10 ophthalmology residents of the first-year postgraduate were included.All the residents were novices to cataract surgery.Real-time cataract surgical observations were performed using a custom-built 3D visualization system.The training lasted 4wk(32h)in all.A modified International Council of Ophthalmology’s Ophthalmology Surgical Competency Assessment Rubric(ICO-OSCAR)containing 4 specific steps of cataract surgery was applied.The self-assessment(self)and expert-assessment(expert)were performed through the microsurgical attempts in the wet lab for each participant.●RESULTS:Compared with pre-training assessments(self 3.2±0.8,expert 2.5±0.6),the overall mean scores of posttraining(self 5.2±0.4,expert 4.7±0.6)were significantly improved after real-time observation training of 3D visualization system(P<0.05).Scores of 4 surgical items were significantly improved both self and expert assessment after training(P<0.05).●CONCLUSION:The 3D observation training provides novice ophthalmic residents with a better understanding of intraocular microsurgical techniques.It is a useful tool to improve teaching efficiency of surgical education.

关键词： 3D visualization system phacoemulsification training wet lab

The Perturbed Compound Poisson Risk Model with Proportional Investment

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2024年第1期40卷 109-128页

作者： Nai-dan Deng Chun-wei Wang Jia-en xu School of Mathematics and Statistics Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang471023China

In this paper, the insurance company considers venture capital and risk-free investment in a constant proportion. The surplus process is perturbed by diffusion. At first, the integro-differential equations satisfied by the expected discounted dividend payments and the Gerber-Shiu function are derived. Then, the approximate solutions of the integro-differential equations are obtained through the sinc method. Finally, the numerical examples are given when the claim sizes follow different distributions. Furthermore, the errors between the explicit solution and the numerical solution are discussed in a special case.

关键词： expected discounted dividend payments lognormal distribution proportional investment perturbed risk model sinc numerical method

Development of antibody-drug conjugates in cancer:Overview and prospects

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Cancer Communications 2024年第1期44卷 3-22页

作者： dan-Yun Ruan Hao-Xiang Wu Qi Meng Rui-Hua xu Department of Clinical Research Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China Department of Medical Oncology Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China

In recent years,remarkable breakthroughs have been reported on antibody-drug conjugates(ADCs),with 15 ADCs successfully entering the market over the past decade.This substantial development has positioned ADCs as one of the fastest-growing domains in the realm of anticancer drugs,demonstrating their efficacy in treating awide array of malignancies.Nonetheless,there is still an unmet clin-ical need forwider application,better efficacy,and fewer side effects of ADCs.An ADC generally comprises an antibody,a linker and a payload,and the combina-tion has profound effects on drug structure,pharmacokinetic profile and efficacy.Hence,optimization of the key components provides an opportunity to develop ADCs with higher potency and fewer side effects.In this review,we comprehen-sively reviewed the current development and the prospects of ADC,provided an analysis of marketed ADCs and the ongoing pipelines globally as well as in China,highlighted several ADC platforms and technologies specific to different pharmaceutical enterprises and biotech companies,and also discussed the new related technologies,possibility of next-generation ADCs and the directions of clinical research.

关键词： companies breakthrough payload

Dynamic multifunctional metasurfaces:an inverse design deep learning approach

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Photonics Research 2024年第1期12卷 123-133页

作者： ZHI-dan LEI YI-DUO xu CHENG LEI YAN ZHAO DU WANG The Institute of Technological Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

Optical metasurfaces(OMs)offer unprecedented control over electromagnetic waves,enabling advanced optical multiplexing.The emergence of deep learning has opened new avenues for designing OMs.However,existing deep learning methods for OMs primarily focus on forward design,which limits their design capabilities,lacks global optimization,and relies on prior knowledge.Additionally,most OMs are static,with fixed functionalities once processed.To overcome these limitations,we propose an inverse design deep learning method for dynamic OMs.Our approach comprises a forward prediction network and an inverse retrieval network.The forward prediction network establishes a mapping between meta-unit structure parameters and reflectance spectra.The inverse retrieval network generates a library of meta-unit structure parameters based on target requirements,enabling end-to-end design of OMs.By incorporating the dynamic tunability of the phase change material Sb2Te3with inverse design deep learning,we achieve the design and verification of dynamic multifunctional OMs.Our results demonstrate OMs with multiple information channels and encryption capabilities that can realize multiple physical field optical modulation functions.When Sb2Te3is in the amorphous state,near-field nano-printing based on meta-unit amplitude modulation is achieved for X-polarized incident light,while holographic imaging based on meta-unit phase modulation is realized for circularly polarized light.In the crystalline state,the encrypted information remains secure even with the correct polarization input,achieving double encryption.This research points towards ultra-compact,high-capacity,and highly secure information storage approaches.

关键词： polarization inverse approach

Security-constrained Transmission Maintenance Optimization Considering Generation and Operational Risk Costs

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第3期12卷 767-781页

作者： dan xu Zhi Cai Qian Cheng Guodong Huang Jingyang Zhou Junjie Tang Beijing Key Laboratory of Research and System Evaluation of Power Dispatching Automation Technology China Electric Power Research Institute State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology Chongqing University

With the large-scale integration of renewable energy, the traditional maintenance arrangement during the load valley period cannot satisfy the transmission demand of renewable energy generation. Simultaneously, in a market-oriented operation mode, the power dispatching control center aims to reduce the overall power purchase cost while ensuring the security of the power system. Therefore, a security-constrained transmission maintenance optimization model considering generation and operational risk costs is proposed herein. This model is built on double-layer optimization framework, where the upper-layer model is used for maintenance and generation planning, and the lowerlayer model is primarily used to address the operational security risk arising from the random prediction error and N-1 transmission failure. Correspondingly, a generation-maintenance iterative algorithm based on a defined cost feedback is included to increase solution efficiency. Generation cost is determined using long-term security-constrained unit commitment, and the operational risk cost is obtained using a double-layer N-1 risk assessment model. An electrical correlation coupling coefficient is proposed for the solution process to avoid maintenance of associated equipment simultaneously, thereby improving model convergence efficiency. The IEEE 118-bus system is used as a test case for illustration, and test results suggest that the proposed model and algorithm can reduce the total cost of transmission maintenance and system operation while effectively improving the solution efficiency of the joint optimization model.

关键词： Maintenance engineering Costs Optimization Power systems Renewable energy sources Power grids Load modeling