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Quantum NETwork: from theory to practice

Science China(Information Sciences) 2023年第8期66卷 103-147页

作者： Kun FANG Jingtian ZHAO Xiufan LI Yifei LI runyao duan Institute for Quantum Computing Baidu Research

The quantum internet is envisioned as the ultimate stage of the quantum revolution, which surpasses its classical counterpart in various aspects, such as the efficiency of data transmission, the security of network services, and the capability of information processing. Given its disruptive impact on the national security and the digital economy, a global race to build scalable quantum networks has already begun. With the joint effort of national governments, industrial participants, and research institutes, the development of quantum networks has advanced rapidly in recent years, bringing the first primitive quantum networks within reach. In this work, we aim to provide an up-to-date review of the field of quantum networks from both theoretical and experimental perspectives, contributing to a better understanding of the building blocks required for the establishment of a global quantum internet. We also introduce a newly developed quantum network toolkit to facilitate the exploration and evaluation of innovative ideas. Particularly, it provides dual quantum computing engines, supporting simulations in both the quantum circuit and measurement-based models. It also includes a compilation scheme for mapping quantum network protocols onto quantum circuits,enabling their emulations on real-world quantum hardware devices. We showcase the power of this toolkit with several featured demonstrations, including a simulation of the Micius quantum satellite experiment, a testing of a four-layer quantum network architecture with resource management, and a quantum emulation of the CHSH game. We hope this work can give a better understanding of the state-of-the-art development of quantum networks and provide the necessary tools to make further contributions along the way.

关键词： quantum network quantum internet quantum network architecture quantum network protocol quantum network simulation quantum software toolkit

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Implementing termination analysis on quantum programming

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2019年第12期62卷 215-222页

作者： Shusen LIU Kan HE runyao duan School of Data and Computer Science Sun Yat-sen University Institute for Quantum Computing Baidu Beijing Institute for Advanced Study Tsinghua University College of Mathematics & College of Information and Computer Science Taiyuan University of Technology

Termination analysis is an essential part in programming. Especially quantum programming concerning measurement, entanglement and even superposition are the foundations of bizarre behaviours in quantum programs. In this paper, we analyse and extend the theoretical theorems on termination analysis proposed by Ying et al. into computational theorems and algorithms. The new algorithm without the Jordan decomposition process has a significant acceleration with polynomial complexity both on terminating and almost-surely terminating programs. Moreover, the least upper bound of termination programs steps is studied and utilized to output the substituted matrix representation of quantum programs. We also implement four groups of experiments to illustrate the advantages of the new algorithm in case of processing a simplified quantum walk example comparing with the original counterpart.

关键词： termination analysis quantum while-language quantum programming quantum experiment terminating steps

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Distinguishing unitary gates on the IBM quantum processor

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2019年第7期62卷 210-216页

作者： Shusen LIU Yinan LI runyao duan School of Data and Computer Science Sun Yat-sen University Centre for Quantum Software and Information Faculty of Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversity of Technology Sydney

An unknown unitary gate, which is secretly chosen from several known ones, can always be distinguished perfectly. In this paper, we implement such a task on IBM’s quantum processor. More precisely,we experimentally demonstrate the discrimination of two qubit unitary gates, the identity gate and the 2/3π-phase shift gate, using two discrimination schemes — the parallel scheme and the sequential scheme. We program these two schemes on the ibmqx4, a 5-qubit superconducting quantum processor via IBM cloud,with the help of the QSI modules. We report that both discrimination schemes achieve success probabilities at least 85%.

关键词： quantum experiment IBM quantum computer software-aided quantum experiment sequential schemes for unitary discrimination parallel schemes for unitary discrimination

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Quantum programming:From theories to implementations

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2012年第16期57卷 1903-1909页

作者： YING MingSheng FENG Yuan duan runyao LI YangJia YU NengKun Center for Quantum Computation and Intelligent Systems Faculty of Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversity of TechnologySydneyNSW 2007Australia State Key Laboratory of lntelligent Technology and Systems Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and TechnologyTsinghua University Beijing 100084China

This paper surveys the new field of programming methodology and techniques for future quantum computers, including design of sequential and concurrent quantum programming languages, their semantics and implementations. Several verification methods for quantum programs and communication protocols are also reviewed. The potential applications of programming techniques and related formal methods in quantum engineering are pointed out.

关键词：量子计算机编程方法并行编程语言编程技术形式化方法通信协议验证方法子程序

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