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Naturally occurring spike mutations influence the infectivity and immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2

Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第11期19卷 1302-1310页

作者： Qiaoli Peng runhong zhou Na Liu Hui Wang Haoran Xu Meiqing Zhao Dawei Yang Ka-Kit Au Haode Huang Li Liu Zhiwei Chen AIDS Institute Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionPR China National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases HKU AIDS Institute Shenzhen Research LaboratoryThe Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen and The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdongPR China Department of Microbiology Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionPR China Centre for Virology Vaccinology and Therapeutics LimitedThe University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionPR China HKU AIDS Institute Joint Laboratory Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infection ControlThe University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen HospitalShenzhenGuangdongPR China State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Disease The University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionPR China

Mutations in SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern(VOCs)have enhanced transmissibility and immune evasion with respect to current vaccines and neutralizing antibodies(NAbs).How naturally occurring spike mutations affect the infectivity and antigenicity of VOCs remains to be *** entry efficiency of individual spike mutations was determined in vitro using pseudotyped ***/c mice were immunized with 2-dose DNA vaccines encoding B.1.1.7,B.1.351,B.1.1.529 and their single *** and humoral immune responses were then compared to determine the impact of individual mutations on *** the B.1.1.7 lineage,Del69–70 and Del 144 in NTD,A570D and P681H in SD1 and S982A and D1118H in S2 significantly increased viral entry,whereas T716I resulted in a *** the B.1.351 lineage,L18F and Del 242–244 in the NTD,K417N in the RBD and A701V in S2 also increased viral entry.S982A weakened the generation of binding *** sera showed reduced cross-neutralization activity against B.1.351,B.1.617.2(Delta)and B.1.1.529(Omicron BA.1).S982A,L18F,and Del 242–244 hindered the induction of cross-NAbs,whereas Del 69–70,Del144,R246I,and K417N showed the opposite effects.B.1.351 elicited adequate broad cross-NAbs against both B.1.351 and *** immunogens tested,however,showed low neutralization against circulating *** addition,T-cell responses were unlikely affected by mutations tested in the *** conclude that individual spike mutations influence viral infectivity and vaccine *** VOC-targeted vaccines is likely necessary to overcome immune evasion from current vaccines and neutralizing antibodies.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern Single mutation neutralizing antibody T cell responses vaccine immunogenicity

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Intranasal administration of a single dose of a candidate live attenuated vaccine derived from an NSP16-deficient SARS-CoV-2 strain confers sterilizing immunity in animals

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第5期19卷 588-601页

作者： Zi-Wei Ye Chon Phin Ong Kaiming Tang Yilan Fan Cuiting Luo runhong zhou Peng Luo Yun Cheng Victor Sebastien Gray Pui Wang Hin Chu Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan Kelvin Kai-Wang To Honglin Chen Zhiwei Chen Kwok-Yung Yuen Guang Sheng Ling Shuofeng Yuan Dong-Yan Jin Department of Microbiology Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong Kong102 Pokfulam RoadPokfulamHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases The University of Hong Kong102 Pokfulam RoadPokfulamHong KongChina School of Biomedical Sciences Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong Kong21 Sassoon RoadPokfulamHong KongChina

Live attenuated vaccines might elicit mucosal and sterilizing immunity against SARS-CoV-2 that the existing mRNA,adenoviral vector and inactivated vaccines fail to ***,we describe a candidate live attenuated vaccine strain of SARS-CoV-2 in which the NSP16 gene,which encodes 2′-O-methyltransferase,is catalytically disrupted by a point *** virus,designated d16,was severely attenuated in hamsters and transgenic mice,causing only asymptomatic and nonpathogenic infection.A single dose of d16 administered intranasally resulted in sterilizing immunity in both the upper and lower respiratory tracts of hamsters,thus preventing viral spread in a contact-based transmission *** also robustly stimulated humoral and cell-mediated immune responses,thus conferring full protection against lethal challenge with SARS-CoV-2 in a transgenic mouse *** neutralizing antibodies elicited by d16 effectively cross-reacted with several SARS-CoV-2 *** immunoglobulin A was detected in the blood and nasal wash of vaccinated *** work provides proof-of-principle evidence for harnessing NSP16-deficient SARS-CoV-2 for the development of live attenuated vaccines and paves the way for further preclinical studies of d16 as a prototypic vaccine strain,to which new features might be introduced to improve safety,transmissibility,immunogenicity and efficacy.

关键词： Live attenuated vaccine NSP16 2'-O-methyltransferase T-cell response Mucosal immunity Sterilizing immunity

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精液源性多肽促HIV感染及相关拮抗物的研究进展

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中国艾滋病性病 2016年第7期22卷 582-584,F0003,F0004页

作者：周润宏霍文哲武汉大学基础医学院病毒学国家重点实验室武汉430071

性行为是目前艾滋病病毒(HIV)传播的主要途径,超过80%的新发HIV感染是通过性传播。精液不仅是HIV的载体,而且含有能增强HIV感染的多肽。体外实验证明,精液中的前列腺磷酸酶多肽成分(PAP248-286、PAP85-120)能和精囊蛋白(SEM1、SEM2)的... 详细信息

性行为是目前艾滋病病毒(HIV)传播的主要途径,超过80%的新发HIV感染是通过性传播。精液不仅是HIV的载体,而且含有能增强HIV感染的多肽。体外实验证明,精液中的前列腺磷酸酶多肽成分(PAP248-286、PAP85-120)能和精囊蛋白(SEM1、SEM2)的多肽片段形成淀粉样原纤维,显著促进HIV感染。这些精液源性多肽利用其独特的cross-β淀粉样原纤维结构和富含阳离子的表面电荷,在病毒和靶细胞间形成阳离子桥(cationic bridge),促进病毒结合靶细胞,从而增强HIV感染。因此,研究人员目前正在研发多种以精液源性多肽为靶点的药物,用于预防HIV性传播。这些药物包括阴离子聚合物、绿茶提取物(EGCG)、苯并噻唑苯胺(BTA)等。体外实验证明,这些药物能抵消精液源性多肽介导的促HIV感染的作用。文章描述了有关精液源性多肽促进HIV感染的研究,以及相关拮抗物的研发工作。

关键词：艾滋病病毒精液源性病毒感染增强因子淀粉样原纤维 PAP85-120 精囊蛋白杀微生物剂

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Influence of groundwater drawdown on excavation responses e A case history in Bukit Timah granitic residual soils

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2018年第5期10卷 856-864页

作者： Wengang Zhang Wei Wang Dong zhou runhong Zhang A.T.C. Goh Zhongjie Hou National Joint Engineering Research Center of Geohazards Prevention in Reservoir Area Environment Chongqing University Chongqing 400045 China School of Civil Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing 400045 China School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological University 639798 Singapore

Performances of a braced cut-and-cover excavation system for mass rapid transit （MRT） stations of the Downtown Line Stage 2 in Singapore are presented. The excavation was carried out in the Bukit Timah granitic （BTG） residual soils and characterized by significant groundwater drawdown, due to dewatering work in complex site conditions, insufficient effective waterproof measures and more permeable soils. A two-dimensional numerical model was developed for back analysis of retaining wall movement and ground surface settlement. Comparisons of these measured excavation responses with the calculated performances were carried out, upon which the numerical simulation procedures were calibrated. In addition, the influences of groundwater drawdown on the wall deflection and ground surface settlement were numerically investigated and summarized. The performances were also compared with some commonly used empirical charts, and the results indicated that these charts are less applicable for cases with significant groundwater drawdowns. It is expected that these general behaviors will provide useful references and insights for future projects involving excavation in BTG residual soils under significant groundwater drawdowns.

关键词： Braced excavation Bukit Timah granitic (BTG) residual soil Wall deflection Groundwater drawdown Empirical charts

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Space Life Science of China in 2013

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空间科学学报 2014年第5期34卷 747-756页

作者： LEI runhong zhou Guangming MA Hong ZHUANG Fengyuan DENG Yulin School of Life Science Beijing Institute of Technology Department of Space Radiobiology Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and MedicineInstitute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

In the past two years, space life science research in China is characterized by a wide area of basic researches for providing foundation for the future China Space Station. The effect of microgravity and radiation was further studied from physiology phenomena to the level of bio-molecule mechanisms. Chinese space life science is maturing in a new era of comprehensive ***, we review and summarize researches on space life sciences which were contributed by Chinese scientists.

关键词： Space life sciences Simulated microgravity Ionizing radiation

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Boosting High-Voltage Practical Lithium Metal Batteries with Tailored Additives

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第12期16卷 23-41页

作者： Jinhai You Qiong Wang runhong Wei Li Deng Yiyang Hu Li Niu Jingkai Wang Xiaomei Zheng Junwei Li Yao zhou Jun-Tao Li College of Energy Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005People’s Republic of China Magnetism Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province College of Materials and ChemistryChina Jiliang UniversityHangzhou 310018People’s Republic of China Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics Department of Physics and AstronomyKU Leuven3001 LeuvenBelgium State Key Lab of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005People’s Republic of China Department of Chemical Engineering KU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200F3001 LeuvenBelgium College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070GansuPeople’s Republic of China

The lithium(Li)metal anode is widely regarded as an ideal anode material for high-energy-density ***,uncontrolled Li dendrite growth often leads to unfavorable interfaces and low Coulombic efficiency(CE),limiting its broader ***,an ether-based electrolyte(termed FGN-182)is formulated,exhibiting ultra-stable Li metal anodes through the incorporation of LiFSI and LiNO3 as dual *** synergistic effect of the dual salts facilitates the formation of a highly robust SEI film with fast Li+transport ***,Li||Cu half cells exhibit an average CE reaching up to 99.56%.In particular,pouch cells equipped with high-loading lithium cobalt oxide(LCO,3 mAh cm^(-2))cathodes,ultrathin Li chips(25μm),and lean electrolytes(5 g Ah-1)demonstrate outstanding cycling performance,retaining 80%capacity after 125 *** address the gas issue in the cathode under high voltage,cathode additives 1,3,6-tricyanohexane is incorporated with FGN-182;the resulting high-voltage LCO||Li(4.4 V)pouch cells can cycle steadily over 93 *** study demonstrates that,even with the use of ether-based electrolytes,it is possible to simultaneously achieve significant improvements in both high Li utilization and electrolyte tolerance to high voltage by exploring appropriate functional additives for both the cathode and anode.

关键词： Li metal anode Li dendrites LiNO_(3) 1,3,6-tricyanohexane Pouch cells

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The phytochemical components of walnuts and their application for geographical origin based on chemical markers

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Food Quality and Safety 2022年第4期6卷 562-570页

作者： runhong Mo Yuewen Zheng Zhanglin Ni Danyu Shen Yihua Liu Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry Chinese Academy of ForestryFuyang DistrictHangzhouChina

Place of origin has an important influence on walnut quality and commercial value,which results in the requirement of rapid geographical traceability ***,a method for geographical origin identification of walnuts on the basis of nutritional quality of walnuts from China was *** concentrations of 43 phytochemical components were analyzed in walnut samples from five different walnut-producing regions of *** on 14 chemical markers selected by the Random Forest method from these phytochemical components,a new discriminant model for geographical origin was built,with the corresponding correct classification rate of 99.3%.In addition,the quantitative quality differences of walnuts from five regions were analyzed,with values of 0.17–***,the top three chemical markers for the geographical origin discriminant analysis were Mo,V,and stearic acid,with contribution rates of 26.8%,18.9%,and 10.9%,*** study provides a potentially viable method for application in food authentication.

关键词： Walnut chemical marker geographical origin Random Forest method discriminant model

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Performance of braced excavation in residual soil with groundwater drawdown

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Underground Space 2018年第2期3卷 150-165页

作者： W.G.Zhang A.T.C.Goh K.H.Goh O.Y.S.Chew D.zhou runhong Zhang Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area Chongqing UniversityChongqingChina School of Civil Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqingChina School of Civil and Envirormental Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore Civil Design Division Land Transport AuthoritySingapore Geotechmical cand Tunnels Division Land Transport AuthoritySingapore

In densely built-up Singapore,relatively stiffsecant-bored piles and diaphragm walls are commonly used in cut-and-cover works to minimize the impact of ground movement on the adjacent structures and *** excavations in stiffresidual soil deposits,the asso-ciated wall deﬂections and ground settlements are generally smaller than for excavations in soft soil ***,if the residual soil permeability is high and the underlying rock is highlyﬁssured or fractured,substantial groundwater drawdown and associated seepage-induced settlement may *** this study,the excavation performance of four sites in residual soil deposits with maximum excavation depths between 20 and 24 m is *** maximum wall deﬂections were found to be relatively small compared to the signiﬁcantly larger maximum ground settlements,owing to the extensive lowering of the groundwater *** this paper,details of the subsurface conditions,excavation support system,ﬁeld instrumentation,and observed excavation responses are presented,with particular focus on the large groundwater drawdown and associated ground ***ﬁc issues encountered during the excavation,as well as the effectiveness of various groundwater control measures,are *** case studies will provide useful references and insights for future projects involving braced excavations in residual soil.

关键词： Residual soil Braced excavation Wall deﬂection Ground settlements Groundwater drawdown Strut force

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Environmental behaviors of phoxim with two formulations in bamboo forest under soil surface mulching

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第9期27卷 91-100页

作者： Yihua Liu Zhanglin Ni runhong Mo Danyu Shen Donglian Zhong Fubin Tang Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry Chinese Academy of Forestry

Phoxim（emulsifiable concentrate（EC） and granules（G）） has been widely used in bamboo forests. The persistence and magnitude of phoxim residues in the crop and soil must be investigated to ensure human and environmental safety. The environmental behaviors of the two formulations were investigated in a bamboo forest under soil surface mulching conditions（CP） and non-covered cultivation conditions（NCP）. The half-lives of phoxim in soil under the two conditions in soil were 4.1–6.2 days（EC） and 31.5–49.5 days（G）,respectively. Phoxim in EC could be leached from the topsoil into the subsoil. A minimized leaching effect was observed for G under NCP. Inversely, an enhanced leaching effect was observed for G under CP. The G formulation resulted in more parent compound（in bamboo shoots） and metabolite（in soil） residues of phoxim than in the case of EC, especially under CP conditions. In addition, the intensity and duration of the formulation effect on soil p H adjustment from G were more obvious than that from EC. Results showed that the environmental behaviors（distribution, degradation, residue） of phoxim in the bamboo forest were significantly influenced by the type of formulation. The prolongation effect from phoxim G might cause persistence and long-term environmental risk. However,bamboo shoot consumption could be considered relatively safe after applying the recommended dose of the two phoxim formulations.

关键词： Phoxim Formulation Residue Bamboo Soil surface mulching

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Synthesis of Multi-substituted Benzamide Derivatives under Microwave Irradiation Conditions

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2011年第9期29卷 1869-1872页

作者： Jia, runhong Peng, Juhua Ma, Ning Yan, Shu Tu, Shujiang Lianyungang Teacher＇s College Lianyungang Jiangsu 222006 China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xuzhou Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116 China

A facile microwave-assisted synthesis of N-[（Z）-1-（substituted carbamoyl）-2-arylvinyl] benzamide derivatives is accomplished via reactions of 4-arylmethylene-2-phenyloxazol-5（4H）-ones with different amines （for example me- thylamine, cyclopropylamine, para-toluidine, phenylarnine） in ethylene glycol. This protocol broadens the scope of the reaction for the synthesis of N-benzamide derivatives.

关键词： amides microwave irradiation open loop amines

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