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Bambusicolous fungi

Fungal Diversity 2017年第1期82卷 1-105页

作者： Dong Qin Dai rungtiwa Phookamsak Nalin N.Wijayawardene Wen Jing Li D.Jayarama Bhat Jian Chu Xu Joanne E.Taylor Kevin D.Hyde E.Chukeatirote Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201People’s Republic of China Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization College of Biological Resource and Food EngineeringQujing Normal UniversityQujingYunnan 655011People’s Republic of China World Agroforestry Centre East and Central AsiaHeilongtanKunming 650201People’s Republic of China School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Centre of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Department of Botany Goa UniversityGoaIndia No.128/1-J Azad Housing SocietyCurcaP.O.Goa Velha 403108India Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh 20A Inverleith RowEdinburgh EH35LRUK

Fourty-three species of microfungi from bamboo are treated,including one new family,occultibambusaceae,three new genera,Neoanthostomella,occultibambusa and Seriascoma,27 new species,one renamed species and 15 redescribed or re-illustrated species,and four designated reference specimens are treated in this paper,the majority of which are saprobic on dead *** determine species identification,separate phylogenetical analyses for each group are carried out,based on molecular data from this study and sequences downloaded from *** similar species and phylogenetically close taxa are compared and *** addition a list of bambusicolous fungi published since Hyde and colleagues in 2002 is provided.

关键词： Dothideomycetes Sordariomycetes Botryosphaeriales Chaetosphaeriales Hypocreales Myriangiales Pleosporales Sordariales Togniniales Tubeufiales Valsariales Xylariales Apiosporaceae Bambusicolaceae Botryosphaeriaceae Diatrypaceae Lasiosphaeriaceae Myriangiaceae Nectriaceae Roussoellaceae Stachybotryaceae Togniniaceae Tubeufiaceae Valsariaceae Xylariaceae

Towards a natural classification of Astrosphaeriella-like species;introducing Astrosphaeriellaceae and Pseudoastrosphaeriellaceae *** Astrosphaeriellopsis,***.

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Fungal Diversity 2015年第5期74卷 143-197页

作者： rungtiwa Phookamsak Chada Norphanphoun Kazuaki Tanaka Dong-Qin Dai Zong-Long Luo Jian-Kui Liu Hong-Yan Su Darbhe J.Bhat Ali H.Bahkali Peter E.Mortimer Jian-Chu Xu Kevin D.Hyde Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650201YunnanChina World Agroforestry Centre East Asia NodeHeilongtanKunming 650201People’s Republic of China School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Center of Excellence in Fungal Research and School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Formerly Department of Botany Goa UniversityGoaIndia No.128/1-J Azad Housing SocietyCurcaGoa 403108India Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology GuizhouAcademy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyangGuizhouChina College of Agriculture&Biology Dali UniversityDali 671003YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences Hirosaki University3 Bunkyo-choHirosakiAomori 036-8561Japan Department of Botany and Microbiology College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box:2455Riyadh 1145Saudi Arabia CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information Beijing Institute of GenomicsChinese Academy of SciencesNo.1 Beichen West RoadChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100101People’s Republic of China

Astrosphaeriella sensu lato is a common genus occurring on bamboo,palms and stout *** of Astrosphaeriella have been collected from various countries in tropical,subtropical or temperate *** Asia,species have been collected in Brunei,China,Indonesia,Japan,Philippines and *** have been several morphological studies on Astrosphaeriella,but molecular work and phylogenetic analyses are generally *** included in Astrosphaeriella were characterized in three main groups 1)typical Astrosphaeriella species(sensu stricto)having carbonaceous,erumpent,conical ascostromata 2)atypical Astrosphaeriella species(sensu lato)having immersed,coriaceous ascostromata with short to long papilla and 3)lophiostoma-like species having immersed ascostromata with slit-like *** of the latter Astrosphaeriella species,having slit-like openings,have been transferred to Fissuroma and Rimora in *** this study five type specimens of Astrosphaeriella were loaned from herbaria worldwide and re-examined and are re-described and *** of Astrosphaeriella were also made in Thailand and morphologically *** cultures were obtained from single spores and used in molecular *** asexual morph was induced on sterile bamboo pieces placed on water *** analyses of combined LSU,SSU and TEF1 sequence data of astrosphaeriella-like species using Bayesian,Maximum parsimony(MP)and Randomized Accelerated Maximum Likelihood(RAxML)analyses were carried *** analyses show that species of Astrosphaeriella can be distinguished in at least three *** of Astrosphaeriella sensu stricto with erumpent,carbonaceous ascostromata,form a strongly supported clade with Pteridiospora species and a new family,Astrosphaeriellaceae,is introduced to accommodate these *** genera are revised and Astrosphaeriella bambusae,***,***,***,*** and Pteridiospora chiangraiensis

关键词： Asexual morph Bamboo Palm Pseudoastrosphaeriella Phylogeny Pleosporales Taxonomy

Towards a natural classification of ophiobolus and ophiobolus-like taxa;introducing three novel genera ophiobolopsis, Paraophiobolus and Pseudoophiobolus in Phaeosphaeriaceae (Pleosporales)

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Fungal Diversity 2017年第6期87卷 299-339页

作者： rungtiwa Phookamsak Dhanushka N.Wanasinghe Sinang Hongsanan Chayanard Phukhamsakda Shi-Ke Huang Danushka S.Tennakoon Chada Norphanphoun Erio Camporesi Timur S.Bulgakov Itthayakorn Promputtha Peter E.Mortimer Jian-Chu Xu Kevin D.Hyde Key Laboratory for Plant Biodiversity and Biogeography of East Asia(KLPB) Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650201YunnanChina World Agro Forestry Centre East and Central Asia132 Lanhei RoadKunming 650201YunnanChina Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand A.M.B.Gruppo Micologico Forlivese“Antonio Cicognani”Via Roma 18Forlı`Italy A.M.B.Circolo Micologico“Giovanni Carini” C.P.314BresciaItaly Societa`per gli Studi Naturalistici della Romagna C.P.144BagnacavalloRAItaly Russian Research Institute of Floriculture and Subtropical Crops Yana Fabritsiusa Street2/28Krasnodar RegionSochiRussia 354002

ophiobolus is a large genus of Phaeosphaeriaceae comprising more than 350 possible species,most of which are saprobes on herbaceous plants in Europe and North *** species are polyphyletic and the type of ophiobolus is not represented in ***,an increased taxon sampling of ophiobolus-like taxa and epitypification of the type species,*** is *** phylogenetic analyses of combined LSU,SSU,TEF1-a and ITS sequence data position *** in a sister clade with *** and several Entodesmium species in Phaeosphaeriaceae with high ***,Entodesmium is synonymized under *** with it type species,*** also clusters within the ophiobolus clade and is synonymized under *** rossicus *** introduced and a reference specimen is designated for *** ophiobolus-like taxa(ophiobolus sensu lato)can be distinguished as three main groups,which are introduced as new *** is introduced to accommodate the new species,ophiobolopsis *** new genus Paraophiobolus is introduced to accommodate *** *** *** *** genus is characterized by hyaline to pale yellowish ascospores,some green-yellowish at maturity,with a swollen cell,terminal appendages and ascospores not separating into part *** *** introduced to accommodate six new species and two new combinations,***,***,***,***,***,***,*** and *** is characterized by subhyaline to pale yellowish or yellowish ascospores,with a swollen cell,lack of terminal appendages and ascospores that do not separate into part spores and is related to *** updated tree for Phaeosphaeriaceae based on multigene analysis is also provided.

关键词： 7 new combinations 11 new taxa Dothideomycetes Epitypification

Revision of Phaeosphaeriaceae

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Fungal Diversity 2014年第5期68卷 159-238页

作者： rungtiwa Phookamsak Jian-Kui Liu Eric H.C.McKenzie Dimuthu S.Manamgoda Hiran Ariyawansa Kasun M.Thambugala Dong-Qin Dai Erio Camporesi Ekachai Chukeatirote Nalin N.Wijayawardene Ali H.Bahkali Peter E.Mortimer Jian-Chu Xu Kevin D.Hyde Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China World Agroforestry Centre East and Central AsiaKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research Private Bag 92170AucklandNew Zealand A.M.B.Gruppo Micologico Forlivese“Antonio Cicognani” Via Roma 18ForlìItaly A.M.B.Circolo Micologico“Giovanni Carini” C.P.314BresciaItaly Societàper gli Studi Naturalistici della Romagna C.P.144BagnacavalloRAItaly College of Science Botany and Microbiology DepartmentKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 1145Saudi Arabia

Phaeosphaeriaceae is a large and important family in the order Pleosporales which includes economically important plant *** may also be endophytes or saprobes on plant hosts,especially on monocotyledons(e.g.,Cannaceae,Cyperaceae,Juncaceae,Poaceae);some species have also been reported on *** family previously accommodated 35 sexual and asexual genera and comprised more than 300 species with a range of morphological *** morphological characters of taxa in this family are often ambiguous and can be confused with other taxa in Leptosphaeriaceae and *** specimens of the type genera of Phaeosphaeriaceae were loaned from herbaria worldwide and were re-examined and *** collections were obtained from Italy and Thailand,characterized,examined,isolated into pure culture and used to obtain molecular *** asexual state was induced where possible on sterile bamboo pieces placed on water *** phylogenetic analyses of ITS,LSU,SSU,RPB2 and TEF1 sequence datasets were carried out using maximum likelihood,maximum parsimony and Bayesian *** analyses shows that 21 genera(Amarenomyces,Ampelomyces,Chaetosphaeronema,Dematiopleospora,Entodesmium,Loratospora,Neosetophoma,Neostagonospora,Nodulosphaeria,ophiobolus,ophiosphaerella,Paraphoma,Parastagonospora,Phaeosphaeria,Phaeosphaeriopsis,Sclerostagonospora,Setomelanomma,Setophoma,Vrystaatia,Wojnowicia and Xenoseptoria)belong in Phaeosphaeriaceae,while seven genera(Amarenographium,Bricookea,Dothideopsella,Eudarluca,Phaeostagonospora,Scolecosporiella and Tiarospora)are included based on morphological *** is reinstated and Nodulosphaeria is confirmed in *** is distinguished from Sphaerellopsis based on its morphological characters and is typical of *** gene phylogenetic analys is indicates that Sphaerellopsis belongs to *** species form a clade within Phaeosphaeriacea

关键词： Asexualstate Didymosphaeriaceae Montagnulaceae Phaeosphaeria Phylogeny Pleosporales Taxonomy

A molecular phylogenetic reappraisal of the Didymosphaeriaceae(=Montagnulaceae)

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Fungal Diversity 2014年第5期68卷 69-104页

作者： Hiran A.Ariyawansa Kazuaki Tanaka Kasun M.Thambugala rungtiwa Phookamsak Qing Tian Erio Camporesi Sinang Hongsanan Jutamart Monkai Dhanushka N.Wanasinghe Ausanan Mapook Ekachai Chukeatirote Ji-Chuan Kang Jian-Chu Xu Eric H.C.McKenzie E.B.Gareth Jones Kevin D.Hyde Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201People’s Republic of China World Agroforestry Centre East Asia and CentralHeilongtanKunming 650201People’s Republic of China The Engineering and Research Center for Southwest Bio-Pharmaceutical Resources of National Education Ministry of China Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025Guizhou ProvinceChina School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science Hirosaki University3 Bunkyo-choHirosakiAomori 036-8561Japan A.M.B.Gruppo Micologico Forlivese“Antonio Cicognani” Via Roma 18ForlìItaly Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research Private Bag92170 AucklandNew Zealand Department of Botany and Microbiology King Saudi UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

The ascomycetous families,Didymosphaeriaceae and Montagnulaceae,have been treated in Pleosporales,Dothideomycetes,and both include saprobes,endophytes and pathogens associated with a wide variety of substrates *** was characterized by 1-septate ascospores and trabeculate pseudoparaphyses,mainly anastomosing above the asci,while species in Montagnulaceae had 1 to multi-septate ascospores and generally cellular *** recent treatments,Bimuria,Didymocrea,Kalmusia,Karstenula,Montagnula,Paraphaeosphaeria,Paraconiothyrium and Letendraea were placed in Montagnulaceae,while only Didymosphaeria has been placed in *** morphological and molecular data from recent collections have become available and thus the understanding of the families can be *** on analyses of concatenated internal transcribed spacer(ITS)with LSU,SSU andβ-tubulin gene sequences,the taxonomy of the genera classified in these families are *** phylogenetic analyses conclude that,the recently introduced Didymosphaeria rubi-ulmifolii with Paraconiothyrium brasi liense species complex,Alloconiothyrium,Bimuria,Deniquelata,Didymocrea,Kalmusia,Karstenula,Letendraea,Montagnula,Neokalmusia,Paraconiothyrium,Paraphaeosphaeria,Phaeodothis and Tremateia,forms a robust clade named here *** therefore synonymize Montagnulaceae under Didymosphaeriaceae which is the oldest name and has priority and provide a update account of the *** is represented by Didymosphaeria rubi-ulmifolii.A new genus,Neokalmusia,is introduced in the family to accommodate the bambusi colous taxa Kalmusia brevispora and *** introduction is based on molecular data coupled with *** new species,Paraconiothyrium magnoliae and the sexual morph of Paraconiothyrium fuckelii,is also *** and Barria are assigned to the family based on morphological similarity with ***(previously referre

关键词： Didymosphaeriaceae Montagnulaceae New species Phylogeny rDNA β-tubulin

Special issue:The contributions of Erio Camporesi

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Fungal Diversity 2020年第1期100卷 1-3页

作者： Chayanard Phukhamsakda Nalin N.Wijayawardene Hiran A.Ariyawansa Indunil C.Senanayake Wen-Jing Li Dhanushka N.Wanasinghe rungtiwa Phookamsak Qing Tian Dinushani A.Daranagama Kasun M.Thambugala Saowaluck Tibpromma Anusha H.Ekanayaka Marc Stadler Kevin D.Hyde Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology College of Bio-Resources and AgricultureNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering College of Life Sciences and OceanographyShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060People’s Republic of China East and Central Asia Regional office World Agroforestry Centre(ICRAF)Kunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Centre for Mountain Futures(CMF) Kunming Institute of BotanyKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Mushroom Research Foundation 128 M.3 Ban Pa Deng T.Pa PaeA.Mae TaengChiang Mai 50150Thailand Industrial Science and Management(International Program) Faculty of Science and TechnologyThammasat University(Rangsit Center)Klong Luang 12121PathumthaniThailand Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Department of Microbial Drugs Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and German Centre for Infection Research(DZIF)Partner Site Hannover/BraunschweigInhoffenstrasse 738124 BrunswickGermany Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization College of Biological Resource and Food EngineeringQujing Normal UniversityQujing 655011YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Department of Plant and Molecular Biology Faculty of ScienceUniversity of KelaniyaSri LankaKelaniyaSri Lanka

We are proud to publish a special issue of Fungal Diversity in honour of the contributions made by Erio Camporesi,who has promoted mycological research as a prodigious amateur mycologist and collector of *** special issue includes Fungal Diversity notes 11,with many taxa named in Erio’s honour and a monograph of hyaline-spored Coelomycetes,both incorporating many of Erio’s collections.

关键词： contributions include collection

Towards a natural classification of Botryosphaeriales

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Fungal Diversity 2012年第6期57卷 155-216页

作者： Jian-Kui Liu rungtiwa Phookamsak Mingkhuan Doilom Saowanee Wikee Yan-Mei Li Hiran Ariyawansha Saranyaphat Boonmee Putarak Chomnunti Dong-Qin Dai Jayarama D.Bhat Andrea I.Romero Wen-Ying Zhuang Jutamart Monkai E.B.Gareth Jones Ekachai Chukeatirote Thida Win Ko Ko Yong-Chang Zhao Yong Wang Kevin D.Hyde Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand The Research Institute of Resource Insects Chinese Academy of ForestryKunming 650034China Formerly at Department of Botany Goa UniversityGoa 403206India Prhideb-Conicet Deptomento Cs.BiológicasFacultad de Cs.Exactas y Naturales(UBA)Ciudad UniversitariaPabellón II4to Piso1428 Buenos AiresArgentina State Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute of ocean and Earth Sciences(IoES) C308Institute of Postgraduate Studies BuildingUniversity of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Macrofungi Research Lab Institute of Biotechnology&Germplasmic ResourceYunnan Academy of Agricultural ScienceKunming 650034China Department of Plant Pathology Agriculture CollegeGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China

The type specimens of Auerswaldia,Auerswaldiella,Barriopsis,Botryosphaeria,Leptoguignardia,Melanops,Neodeightonia,Phaeobotryon,Phaeobotryosphaeria,Phyllachorella,Pyrenostigme,Saccharata,Sivanesania,Spencermartinsia and Vestergrenia were examined and fresh specimens of Botryosphaeriales were collected from *** material is used to provide a systematic treatment of Botryosphaeriales based on morphology and *** new genera,Botryobambusa and Cophinforma are introduced and comparedwith existing *** species newto science,Auerswaldia dothiorella,***,Botryosphaeria fusispora and Phaeobotryosphaeria eucalypti,are also described and *** accept 29 genera in Botryosphaeriales,with Macrovalsaria being newly *** the phylogenetic tree,the 114 strains of Botyrosphaeriales included in the analysis cluster into two major clades with 80%,96%and 1.00(MP,ML and BY)support,with Clade A containing the family type of Botryosphaeriaceae,and Clade B containing Phyllosticta,Saccharata and Melanops *** group may represent *** Clade A the taxa analyzed cluster in eight sub-clades(Clades A1-8).Clade A1 comprises three distinct subclusters corresponding to the genera Diplodia(Diplodia Clade),Neodeightonia(Neodeightonia Clade)and Lasiodiplodia(Lasiodiplodia Clade).Clade A2 clusters into three groups representing Phaeobotryosphaeria(100%),Phaeobotryon(100%)and Barriopsis(94%).Clade A3 incorporates 17 strains that cluster into three well-supported genera(Dothiorella(86%),Spencermartinsia(100%)and Auerswaldia(63%);the position of Macrophomina is not *** A4 is a single lineage(100%)representing the new genus *** A5 is a wellsupported subclade incorporating *** A6 represents the type species of Botryosphaeria,three other Botryosphaeria species and two other genera,Neoscytalidium and Cophinforma *** A7 comprises two Pseudofusicoccum species and Clade A8 has two Aplosporella speci

关键词： Asexual morphs Botryosphaeria Botryosphaeriaceae Classification Diplodia Generic types Lasiodiplodia Multi-gene phylogeny New genera Phyllosticta

Predicting global numbers of teleomorphic ascomycetes

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Fungal Diversity 2022年第3期114卷 237-278页

作者： Indunil C.Senanayake Dhandevi Pem Achala R.Rathnayaka Subodini N.Wijesinghe Saowaluck Tibpromma Dhanushka N.Wanasinghe rungtiwa Phookamsak Nuwan D.Kularathnage Deecksha Gomdola Dulanjalee Harishchandra Lakmali S.Dissanayake Mei-mei Xiang Anusha H.Ekanayaka Eric H.C.McKenzie Kevin D.Hyde Hao-xing Zhang Ning Xie Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics College of Life Science and OceanographyShenzhen UniversityNanhai AvenueNanshanShenzhen 3688GuangdongChina Innovative Institute for Plant Health Zhongkai University of Agriculture and EngineeringHaizhu DistrictGuangzhou 510225China Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Honghe Center for Mountain Futures Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesHonghe County 654400YunnanChina Centre for Mountain Futures(CMF) Kunming Institute of BotanyKunming 650201YunnanChina CIFoR-ICRAF China Program World Agroforestry(ICRAF)Kunming 650201YunnanChina Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China Institute of Plant and Environment ProtectionBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China Engineering Research Center of the Utilization for Characteristic Bio-Pharmaceutical Resources in Southwest Ministry of EducationGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025GuizhouChina Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research Auckland Mail CentrePrivate Bag 92170Auckland 1142New Zealand

Sexual reproduction is the basic way to form high genetic diversity and it is beneficial in evolution and speciation of *** global diversity of teleomorphic species in Ascomycota has not been *** paper estimates the species number for sexual ascomycetes based on five different estimation approaches,*** numbers of described fungi,by fungus:substrate ratio,by ecological distribution,by meta-DNA barcoding or culture-independent studies and by previous estimates of species in *** assumptions were made with the currently most accepted,“2.2–3.8 million”species estimate and results of previous studies concluding that 90%of the described ascomycetes reproduce *** Catalogue of Life,Species Fungorum and published research were used for data *** average value of teleomorphic species in Ascomycota from all methods is 1.86 million,ranging from 1.37 to 2.56 ***,only around 83,000 teleomorphic species have been described in Ascomycota and deposited in data *** ratio between described teleomorphic ascomycetes to predicted teleomorphic ascomycetes is 1:***,where are the undiscovered teleomorphic ascomycetes?The undescribed species are no doubt to be found in biodiversity hot spots,poorly-studied areas and species *** poorly studied niches include extremophiles,lichenicolous fungi,human pathogens,marine fungi,and fungicolous *** species are present in unexamined collections in specimen repositories or incompletely described earlier *** issues,such as the use of separate names for teleomorph and anamorphs,synonyms,conspecific names,illegitimate and invalid names also affect the number of described *** introgression results in new species,while species numbers are reduced by extinctions.

关键词： Ascomycota Estimates Habitat diversity Molecular techniques Species concepts

Epitypification and neotypification:guidelines with appropriate and inappropriate examples

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Fungal Diversity 2014年第6期69卷 57-91页

作者： Hiran A.Ariyawansa David L.Hawksworth Kevin D.Hyde E.B.Gareth Jones Sajeewa S.N.Maharachchikumbura Dimuthu S.Manamgoda Kasun M.Thambugala Dhanushka Udayanga Erio Camporesi Anupama Daranagama Ruvishika Jayawardena Jian-Kui Liu Eric H.C.McKenzie rungtiwa Phookamsak Indunil C.Senanayake Roger G.Shivas Qing Tian Jian-Chu Xu Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650201YunnanChina World Agroforestry Centre East and Central AsiaKunming 650201YunnanChina Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research School of ScienceMae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Departamento de Biología Vegetal II Facultad de FarmaciaUniversidad Complutense de MadridPlaza Ramón y CajalMadrid 28040Spain Department of Life Sciences The Natural History MuseumCromwell RoadLondon SW75BDUK Mycology Section Royal Botanic GardensKewRichmond Surrey TW93DSUK Department of Botany and Microbiology King Saudi UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia A.M.B.Gruppo Micologico Forlivese“Antonio Cicognani” Via Roma18ForlìItaly Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research Private Bag 92170 AucklandNew Zealand Plant Pathology Herbarium Agri-Science Queensland40 Boggo RoadDutton ParkQld 4102Australia

review of phylogenetic studies carried out together with morphological ones shows that a major problem with most early studies is that they concentrated on techniques and used material or strains of fungi that in most cases were not carefully reference,and in a worrying number of cases wrongly *** classical species,particularly of microfungi,are not represented by adequate type material,or other authoritatively identified cultures or specimens,that can serve as DNA sources for phylogenetic study,or for developing robust identification *** classifications of fungi therefore suffer fromthe lack of reference strains in resultant phylogenetic *** some cases,epitypification and neotypification can solve this problem and these tools are increasingly used to resolve taxonomic confusion and stabilize the understanding of species,genera,families,or orders of *** manuscript discusses epitypification and neotypification,describes how to epitypify or neotypify species and examines the importance of this process.A set of guidelines for epitypification is *** where taxa have been epitypified are presented and the benefits and problems of epitypification are *** examples of epitypification,or to provide reference specimens,a new epitype is designated for Paraphaeosphaeria michotii and reference specimens are provided for Astrosphaeriella stellata,***,Phaeosphaeria elongata,ophiobolus cirsii,and *** this way we demonstrate how to epitypify taxa and its importance,and also illustrate the value of proposing reference specimens if epitypification is not *** we provided guidelines for epitypification,the decision to epitypify or not lies with the author,who should have experience of the fungus *** responsibility is to be taken seriously,as once a later typification is made,it may not be possible to undo that,particularly in the case of epitypes,without using the lengthy and tedious f

关键词： Epitype Generic types Molecular data Nomenclature Systematics Taxonomy Typification