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A unified model of cusp spot, High Latitude Dayside aurora (HiLDA)/(Space Hurricane), and 15MLT-PCA

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2023年第4期7卷 513-519页

作者： DeSheng Han YaTing Xiong Run Shi HuiXuan Qiu HuiTing Feng State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology School of Ocean and Earth ScienceTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

Cusp spot,High Latitude Dayside aurora(HiLDA),‘space hurricane’,and 15MLT-PCA(Polar Cap Arc observed around 15:00 Magnetic Local Time)are mesoscale auroral structures observed in the polar cap region.They share many common properties and,at the same time,have notable differences.A 15MLT-PCA is a polar cap arc connected to the auroral oval,but the others are auroral spots detached from the oval.A cusp spot differs from a HiLDA in local time location.A space hurricane differs from a HiLDA in having spiral-arm structures.Until now,relationships among these auroras have not been depicted clearly.Here we propose a unified model,based on lobe reconnection,that encompasses their similarities and differences.We then provide critical supporting evidence for the model.The model suggests that different reconnection sites under different IMF conditions result in these differently-appearing auroral forms.The model explains all the characteristic features of these auroras and has implications for understanding the dawn/dusk and inter-hemispheric asymmetries observed in their occurrence patterns.We anticipate confirmation of the model by observations to be made during the Solar wind-Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)mission.Moreover,since the model indicates that these auroras appear on the footprint of the poleward cusp boundary,we expect data from the SMILE mission to make it possible to estimate the approximate shape of the cusp.

关键词： polar cap aurora 15MLT-PCA HiLDA cusp spot

Protein retention in dextran-grafted cation exchange chromatography:The influence of pHs,counterions and polymer structure

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第7期28卷 1904-1910页

作者： run Liu Qinghong shi Department of Biochemical Engineering School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering Ministry of EducationTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Polymer-grafted ion exchange adsorbents were of great interest for the development of high-performance protein chromatography in biopharmaceutical and related fields.In this work,protein retention was systematically investigated in ion exchange chromatography packed respectively with dextran-grafted cation exchange adsorbents containing sulphopropyl(SP)ligand,SP Sepharose XL and Capto S,and non-grafted cation exchange adsorbent,SP Sepharose FF,using five proteins.With an increase of buffer p Hs,retention factors of proteins decreased among all the adsorbents,demonstrating the dominant role of electrostatic interaction for protein binding on cation exchange adsorbents.The evidences further revealed that the scattered positive charges on the surface of protein molecules,rather than net charge of protein molecule,determined protein retention on cation exchange adsorbent.Likely,counterions including NH4^+,K^+,Na^+and Mg^2+exhibited distinct influence on protein retention.It was well ascribed to solvent-mediated indirect ion-macromolecule interactions and direct ion-macromolecule interactions.Compared with SP Sepharose FF,polymer structure in dextran-grafted cation exchange adsorbents ultimately brought about different ligand distributions and smaller pore sizes,thereby regulating protein retention in cation exchange chromatography.By comparing the retention of myoglobin andβ-lactoglobulin B in SP Sepharose XL and Capto S,we reasonably speculated that the enhancement of nonelectrostatic interaction caused by reducing the space arm length was a major reason for an increasing retention factor of myoglobin in Capto S.The results in this research help us understand adsorption mechanism of protein in polymer-grafted adsorbents and give scientific guidance for the development of chromatographic materials.

关键词： Protein retention Linear gradient elution Dextran-grafted cation exchange adsorbents Counterion pH

Palladium membrane electro-hydrogenation

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The Innovation 2022年第6期3卷 15-16页

作者： Yining Ma Run Shi Tierui Zhang Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Palladium(Pd)plays a significant role in substantial catalytic reactions.On account of the strong affinity for hydrogen,various Pd-based nanostructures with different shapes and sizes have been extensively utilized in hydrogenation reactions.In particular,Pd reveals extraordinary properties while interacting with hydrogen,including strong adsorption,barrier-less dissociation,and large storage of hydrogen under ambient temperatures and pressures.

关键词： Palladium hydrogenation utilized

Progress and Prospect of Photothermal Catalysis

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2022年第3期38卷 723-734页

作者： DU shihao BIAN Xuanang ZHAO Yunxuan shi run ZHANG Tierui Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100090P.R.China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100149P.R.China

Recently,solar-driven synthesis due to its energy-saving and environmentally friendly advantages has attracted more and more attention,whereas the low solar-to-chemical conversion efficiency significantly hindered its development.New effective options that fully utilize full-band sunlight are urgently needed.Novel photothermal catalysis combined with the advantages of photocatalysis and thermalcatalysis can improve the utilization efficiency of solar energy and lower the reaction temperature,thus becoming a promising technology.This review divides photothermal catalysis into photo-assisted thermalcatalysis,thermal-assisted photocatalysis,and photothermal synergistic catalysis.Furthermore,the catalytic mechanical understanding of how photothermal affects the catalytic property of different applications(e.g.,water splitting,CO_(2)/N_(2) reduction,and environmental treatment)was also summed up and discussed in detail.The discussion ends with unsolved challenges in photothermal catalysis,particularly emphasizing the effect of temperature or sunlight on catalytic performance.

关键词： Photothermal catalysis Photocatalysis Solar Fuel Environment

Layered double hydroxide-based photocatalytic materials toward renewable solar fuels production

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InfoMat 2021年第7期3卷 719-738页

作者： Xuanang Bian Shuai Zhang Yunxuan Zhao Run Shi Tierui Zhang Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

Photocatalysis is an ideal and promising green technology to drive numerous chemical reactions for valued chemicals production under very mild conditions,thereby providing solutions to global energy and environment issues related to burning fossil fuels.Over the past decade,layered double hydroxides(LDHs),as the members in two-dimensional materials family,have attracted much attention due to their many advantages in photocatalysis,such as facile synthesis,low cost and powerful tunability of composition.In this review,we provide a synthetic overview of recent research advances of LDH-based photocatalysts,with the main discussion of the design strategies to improve their photocatalytic performance,including component control,defect engineering,hybridization,and topological transformation.Structure-performance correlations and tailor-made material synthesis strategies are elaborated to discuss how to realize high-performance LDH-based photocatalysts for three important reactions(i.e.,water splitting,CO_(2)conversion,and N2 reduction)to generate desirable solar fuels.Further,the remaining challenges and future perspectives of LDH-based photocatalysts are summed up,aiming to inspire brand new solutions for pushing forward the development of LDH-based photocatalysis.

关键词： component control defect engineering layered double hydroxide photocatalysis solar fuels

Preferentially released miR-122 from cyclodextrin-based star copolymer nanoparticle enhances hepatoma chemotherapy by apoptosis induction and cytotoxics efflux inhibition

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Bioactive Materials 2021年第11期6卷 3744-3755页

作者： Qingqing Xiong Yang Bai Run Shi Jian Wang Weiguo Xu Mingming Zhang Tianqiang Song Department of Hepatobiliary Cancer Liver Cancer CenterTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute&HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin’s Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin300060PR China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials Institute of Biomedical EngineeringChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjin300192PR China Faculty of Medicine Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenMünchenD-80333Germany Department of Immunology Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute&HospitalTianjin300060PR China Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022PR China Hebei Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Cangzhou061001PR China

Chemotherapy,as one of the most commonly used treatment modalities for cancer therapy,provides limited benefits to hepatoma patients,owing to its inefficient delivery as well as the intrinsic chemo-resistance of hepatoma.Bioinformatic analysis identified the therapeutic role of a liver-specific microRNA-miR-122 for enhancing chemo-therapeutic efficacy in hepatoma.Herein,a cyclodextrin-cored star copolymer nanoparticle system(sCDP/DOX/miR-122)is constructed to co-deliver miR-122 with doxorubicin(DOX)for hepatoma therapy.In this nanosystem,miR-122 is condensed by the outer cationic poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate)chains of sCDP while DOX is accommodated in the inner hydrophobic cyclodextrin cavities,endowing a sequential release manner of miR-122 and DOX.The preferentially released miR-122 not only directly induces cell apoptosis by down regulation of Bcl-w and enhanced p53 activity,but also increases DOX accumulation through inhibiting cytotoxic efflux transporter expression,which realizes synergistic performance on cell inhibition.Moreover,sCDP/DOX/miR-122 displays remarkably increased anti-tumor efficacy in vivo compared to free DOX and sCDP/DOX alone,indicating its great promising in hepatoma therapy.

关键词： Cyclodextrin-based star copolymer nanoparticle miR-122 Doxorubicin Sequential release Hepatoma chemotherapy

Ni-based catalysts derived from layered-double-hydroxide nanosheets for efficient photothermal CO_(2) reduction under flow-type system

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Nano Research 2021年第12期14卷 4828-4832页

作者： Zhenhua Li Run Shi Jiaqi Zhao Tierui Zhang College of Chemistry Central China Normal UniversityWuhan430079China Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China Key Laboratory of Thermal Management and Energy Utilization of Aircraft Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyNanjing210016China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China

Photothermal CO_(2) reduction is an efficient and sustainable catalytic path for CO_(2) treatment.Here,we successfully fabricated a novel series of Ni-based catalysts(Ni-x)via H2 reduction of NiAl-layered double hydroxide nanosheets at temperatures(x)ranging from 300 to 600°C.With the increase of the reduction temperature,the methane generation rate of the Ni-x catalyst for photothermal CO_(2) hydrogenation gradually increased under ultraviolet-visible-infrared(UV-vis-IR)irradiation in a flow-type system.The Ni-600 catalyst showed a CO_(2) conversion of 78.4%,offering a CH4 production rate of 278.8 mmol·g^(−1)h−1,with near 100%selectivity and 100 h long-term stability.Detailed characterization analyses showed metallic Ni nanoparticles supported on amorphous alumina are the catalytically active phase for CO_(2) methanation.This study provides a possibility for large-scale conversion and utilization of CO_(2) from a sustainable perspective.

关键词： photothermal CO_(2)hydrogenation Ni-based catalysts layered double hydroxide photocatalysis solar-to-fuel

Static recrystallization behaviors and mechanisms of 7Mo super-austenitic stainless steel with undissolved sigma precipitates during double-stage hot deformation

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第2期31卷 475-487页

作者： shi-guang Xu Jin-shan He run-ze Zhang Fu-cheng Zhang Xi-tao Wang Collaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao066004HebeiChina Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for High Strength Lightweight Metallic Materials Advanced Materials InstituteQilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Science)Jinan250353ShandongChina

Static recrystallization(SRX)behaviors and corresponding recrystallization mechanisms of 7Mo super-austenitic stainless steel were studied under different deformation conditions.The order of influence of deformation parameters on static recrystallization behaviors,from high to low,is followed by temperature,first-stage strain and strain rate.Meanwhile,the effect of holding time on static recrystallization behaviors is significantly controlled by temperature.In addition,with the increase in temperature from 1000 to 1200°C,the static recrystallization mechanism evolves from discontinuous static recrystallization and continuous static recrystallization(cSRX)to metadynamic recrystallization and cSRX,and finally to cSRX.The cSRX exists at all temperatures.This is because high stacking fault energy(56 mJ m−2)promotes the movement of dislocations,making the deformation mechanism of this steel is dominated by planar slip of dislocation.Large undissolved sigma precipitates promote static recrystallization through particle-stimulated nucleation.However,small strain-induced precipitates at grain boundaries hinder the nucleation of conventional SRX and the growth of recrystallized grains,while the hindering effect decreases with the increase in temperature.

关键词： 7Mo super-austenitic stainless steel Double-stage hot deformation Conventional static recrystallization Metadynamic recrystallization Strain-induced precipitation

Template-free large-scale synthesis of g-C3N4 microtubes for enhanced visible light-driven photocatalytic H2 production

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Nano Research 2018年第6期11卷 3462-3468页

作者： Chao Zhou Run Shi Lu Shang Li-Zhu Wu Chen-Ho Tung Tierui Zhang Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

A template-free hydrothermal-assisted thermal polymerization method has been developed for the large-scale synthesis of one-dimensional （1D） graphitic carbon nitride （g-C3N4） microtubes. The g-C3N4 microtubes were obtained by simple thermal polymerization of melamine-cyanuric acid complex microrods under N2 atmosphere, which were synthesized by hydrothermal treatment of melamine solution at 180℃ for 24 h. The as-obtained g-C3N4 microtubes exhibited a large surface area and a unique one-dimensional tubular structure, which provided abundant active sites for proton reduction and also facilitated the electron transfer processes. As such, the g-C3N4 microtubes showed enhanced photocatalytic H2 production activity in lactic acid aqueous solutions under visible light irradiation （A 〉 420 nm）, which was - 3.1 times higher than that of bulk g-C3N4 prepared by direct thermal polymerization of the melamine precursor under the same calcination conditions.

关键词： graphitic carbon nitride（g-C3N4）microtubes photocatalytic water splitting visible light response