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Prevalence of Vitamin A Deficiency in Children Aged 6 to 17 Years—Western and Central Rural Areas,China,2012–2021

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China CDC weekly 2024年第3期6卷 51-55页

作者： Peipei Xu Juan Xu Wei Cao Titi Yang Qian Gan Hongliang Wang ruihe luo Hui Pan Qian Zhang National Institute for Nutrition and Health Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

What is already known about this topic?Vitamin A deficiency(VAD)is a leading global nutritional concern,ranking among the top four major nutritional deficiencies *** prevalence of VAD is unevenly distributed across various regions,both within China and *** is added by this report?The report adds valuable insights into the vitamin A nutritional status of rural students aged 6–17 years who participated in the Nutrition Improvement Programme for Rural Compulsory Education Students(NIPRCES).Over the decade from 2012 to 2021,there was a modest improvement in vitamin A *** prevalence of VAD and sub-clinical VAD(SVAD)declined as the students *** the majority of the survey years,the incidence of VAD was higher among males and western regions compared to females and central regions,*** are the implications for public health practice?A comprehensive approach,incorporating dietary diversification,nutrition education,and food fortification,should be implemented to prevent VAD and SVAD especially in males,younger children and children in western areas.

关键词： vitamin Rural younger

Perceptions of Primary Caregivers on Children’s Weight Status Versus Actual Weight Status in Children Aged 6–15 Years—China,2021

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China CDC weekly 2023年第24期5卷 538-541,I0002页

作者： Hongliang Wang Juan Xu Wei Cao Peipei Xu Qian Gan Titi Yang ruihe luo Hui Pan Wenhua Zhao Qian Zhang National Institute for Nutrition and Health Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

The prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity has been increasing rapidly worldwide(1).In the 2020 Report on Chinese Residents’Chronic Diseases and Nutrition,the rates of overweight and obesity among Chinese children aged 6–17 years were reported to be 11.1%and 7.9%,*** obesity is associated with both physical and mental health problems during childhood,as well as a range of noncommunicable diseases in adulthood,such as cardiovascular diseases,hypertension,and Type II diabetes(2–3).

关键词： obesity diseases cardiovascular

Frequency of Food Consumption Among Students Aged 8–15 Years—China,2019 and 2021

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China CDC weekly 2023年第24期5卷 533-537页

作者： Yimeng Fu Juan Xu Qian Gan Titi Yang Peipei Xu Wei Cao Hongliang Wang Hui Pan ruihe luo Wenxin Sun Zhifang Wang Qian Zhang National Institute for Nutrition and Health Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

A balanced consumption of various types of food items plays a crucial role in students’physical and intellectual development,providing the foundation for their lifelong health(1).In recent years,the living standards in China have improved,leading to a steady improvement in the intake of various foods among Chinese students(2).However,uneven socioeconomic development and differing natural environments may lead to disparities in food consumption between rural and urban students(3).The prevalence of malnutrition among rural students has decreased but remains higher than among urban students(4).Furthermore,consumption of various healthy foods increased during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic as a means to boost immunity and promote health(5).

关键词： immunity boost intake

Nutrition and Health Monitoring and Evaluation of the NIPRCES in China

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China CDC weekly 2023年第24期5卷 542-544页

作者： Qian Zhang Peipei Xu Juan Xu Qian Gan Titi Yang Wei Cao Hongliang Wang ruihe luo Hui Pan Xiaoqi Hu Wenhua Zhao Bing Zhang National Institute for Nutrition and Health Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

Good nutritional status in childhood serves as the foundation for lifelong *** during childhood can not only impede children’s growth and development,but also lead to a higher incidence of chronic diseases in adulthood,thereby increasing the socioeconomic *** order to improve the nutritional and health status of children living in economically underdeveloped rural areas,the Chinese government implemented the Nutrition Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Education Students(NIPRCES)in November 2011(1).The central government provides nutritional meal subsidies to rural compulsory education students in underdeveloped ***,NIPRCES covered rural area of 699 national pilot counties across 22 provincial-level administrative divisions(PLADs)in the central and western regions of *** 2021,the program expanded to encompass 727 national pilot counties and 1,010 local pilot counties spanning 28 provinces in the eastern,central,and western regions of China,serving more than 36 million students.

关键词： thereby expanded counties

Epidemiological Characteristics of Fracture Among Children Aged 6-17 Years-China,2019-2021

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China CDC weekly 2024年第32期6卷 799-803,I0001页

作者： Lu Cui Qian Gan Juan Xu Peipei Xu Titi Yang Wei Cao Hongliang Wang Haoyan Guo ruihe luo Jianfen Zhang Hui Pan Wenhua Zhao Zhenyu Yang Yuxiang Yan Qian Zhang Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina National Institute for Nutrition and Health Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of ChinaBeijingChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?Fractures are a common and serious injury among *** many studies have utilized clinical data,there is a lack of large-scale community-based research in *** is added by this report?This cross-sectional study provides national and regionally representative data on the prevalence of fractures among Chinese children aged 6–17 years(6.93%),with higher rates observed in males than in females(8.13%vs.5.71%)and in rural areas compared to urban areas(7.22%vs.6.62%).The most common site of fracture was the upper limbs(4.24%,accounting for 63.0%of fractures).What are the implications for public health practice?The need to enhance awareness of fracture prevention is critical,particularly for children in rural areas and males in middle *** recommend that local authorities increase investments in educational programs and child safety ***,promoting balanced diets for children,training in proper exercise techniques,and reinforcing participation in outdoor sports are essential.

关键词： prevention utilized children

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《后汉书》郭玉脉法校文

长江学术 2016年第4期 125-128页

作者：骆瑞鹤武汉大学文学院湖北武汉430072

《后汉书》载郭玉论脉,有"左阳右阴"一语,或本作"左阴右阳",自北宋即已乱,学者无解。其行文正误涉及对《后汉书》的校正以及对医学史的阐述。根据《素问》、《难经》、《脉经》等文献,诊脉有各种不同取候方法。古以为脉有男女之别,男子... 详细信息

《后汉书》载郭玉论脉,有"左阳右阴"一语,或本作"左阴右阳",自北宋即已乱,学者无解。其行文正误涉及对《后汉书》的校正以及对医学史的阐述。根据《素问》、《难经》、《脉经》等文献,诊脉有各种不同取候方法。古以为脉有男女之别,男子左脉大于右脉,女子右脉大于左脉;以气口诊法言之,男子寸大于尺,女子尺大于寸。郭玉诊一"女子"两手气口之脉,据脉法而得左阳右阴之象,疑所诊其两手实一为男子之手一为女子之手。《后汉书》文当作"左阳右阴",作"左阴右阳"者系不审古脉法而误改。

关键词：后汉书郭玉校勘脉法

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细菌耐药性的拉曼光谱快速检测研究进展

北京工业大学学报 2020年第12期46卷 1417-1424页

作者：张萍褚东辰陈可仁刘泳麟罗瑞鹤刘洋郑大威北京工业大学生命科学与生物工程学院北京100124

目前,伴随抗生素滥用而诱发的细菌耐药性问题变得日趋严重,对人类生命健康造成巨大的威胁.临床上,快速检测致病菌及其耐药性是快速诊断病因和“精准用药”的关键.然而,现行主流通用的培养法无法满足快速检测的需求,拉曼光谱作为一种振... 详细信息

目前,伴随抗生素滥用而诱发的细菌耐药性问题变得日趋严重,对人类生命健康造成巨大的威胁.临床上,快速检测致病菌及其耐药性是快速诊断病因和“精准用药”的关键.然而,现行主流通用的培养法无法满足快速检测的需求,拉曼光谱作为一种振动光谱技术,具有快速检测的优点,通过特定的光谱模式识别,在细菌检测、鉴别、分类、代谢等方面的应用发展迅速,同时,纳米增强技术及仪器小型化的发展,为实现致病菌及其耐药性的现场、快速、准确鉴别提供了巨大的发展空间.对拉曼光谱的原理进行简单介绍,重点围绕拉曼光谱技术在细菌耐药性快速检测方面的研究进行综述.

关键词：拉曼光谱细菌耐药性抗生素快速检测多元统计分析

Patterns of biomass,carbon,and nitrogen storage distribution dynamics after the invasion of pine forests by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) in the three Gorges Reservoir Region

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第2期29卷 453-464页

作者： ruihe Gao Youqing luo Zhuang Wang Hanjun Yu Juan Shi Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control Beijing Forestry University

Masson pine stands infected by Pine wilt disease(PWD) in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region of central China were surveyed to quantify the immediate responses and subsequent trajectories of biomass,carbon(C),and nitrogen(N) in stand-level major ecosystem *** biomasses of above-and belowground tree components,as well as of the understory,forest floor,and mineral soil(0–40 cm),were determined within each stand.C and N storage were also estimated for each ecosystem *** biomass decreased steadily with the extent of PWD *** biomass ranged from1.97 to 4.16 Mg ha,and the observed value for forest floor biomass was 12.89–22.59 Mg *** highest mean C and N concentrations were found in the stem bark and needles of Masson pine,respectively,while the lowest were found in the semi-to fully decomposed layer of the forest floor and stem wood of Masson pine,*** C and N storage of aboveground trees,tree roots,and the aboveground ecosystem decreased with the extent ofPWD ***,the C and N contents of the understory,forest floor,and total mineral soil initially declined after PWD infection before recovering over the following several *** result concluded that the biomass,C,and N storage of different forest ecosystem compartments have experienced certain variations following the PWD *** is vital to understand the shifts in stand-level C and N allocation in PWD-damaged forest stands,as well as for predicting the responses of regional and global C and N cycling.

关键词： Carbon Insect outbreak Masson pine Nitrogen Pine sawyer beetle Pine wilt disease

2010年至2019年我国儿科医师数量及工作负担变化趋势分析

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中华医院管理杂志 2021年第9期37卷 746-751页

作者：姚德明郭俊丽姚常房罗瑞鹤徐偲瑜颜丹蓉翟晓辉褚湜婧北京医院国家老年医学中心中国医学科学院老年医学研究院北京100730 北京大学马克思主义学院100871 健康报社北京100027 纽约大学瓦格纳公共行政学院美国纽约州10012-9604 四川大学华西第二医院运营管理部成都610041 福建医科大学附属第一医院教育处福州350005 国家卫生健康委医疗管理服务指导中心北京100810

目的分析我国儿科医师的数量及工作负担变化情况, 为进一步优化我国儿科医师资源配置与相关政策制定提供参考。方法根据国家统计局和《中国卫生健康统计年鉴》相关数据, 采用描述分析法分析我国2010年至2019年儿科医师数量变化及工作负... 详细信息

目的分析我国儿科医师的数量及工作负担变化情况, 为进一步优化我国儿科医师资源配置与相关政策制定提供参考。方法根据国家统计局和《中国卫生健康统计年鉴》相关数据, 采用描述分析法分析我国2010年至2019年儿科医师数量变化及工作负担情况。结果 2010年至2019年, 我国儿科执业(助理)医师数量由11.58万人增长到15.85万人, 总增长率高于0~14岁儿童数, 低于执业(助理)医师数。每千儿童儿科执业(助理)医师数量由0.52增长到0.67, 与全国医师执业负担相比, 儿科医师的工作强度仍相对较大。结论儿科医师数量逐步增加, 政策效果开始显现, 但工作负荷仍然较重。建议进一步制定符合儿科专业特点的薪酬体系, 优化实化细化支持政策, 着重研究解决儿科医师分布不平衡、不充分的问题。

关键词：卫生人力资源分配儿科医师日均负担变化趋势