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Field-based evidence for the enrichment of intrinsic antibiotic resistome stimulated by plant-derived fertilizer in agricultural soil

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 728-740页

作者： Shihai Liu Ziming Han dong Zhu Xiao Luan Liujie Deng Liping dong Min Yang Yu Zhang State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Harmless Treatment and Resource Utilization of Antibiotic Residues Khorgos 835007China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Animal manures have been demonstrated to enhance antibiotic resistance in agricultural soils.However,little is known about the effects of plant-derived fertilizer on soil antibiotic resistome.Herein,metagenomic sequencing was used to investigate the effects of a plantderived fertilizer processed from sugarcane and beet on soil antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)in a soybean field along crop growth stages.ARG profiles in the soils amended by plant-derived fertilizer were compared with those in the soils amended by chicken manure.The abundance and diversity of total ARGs in the soils amended by plant-derived fertilizer were significantly(P<0.05)elevated at the sprout stage,to a level comparable to that in the manured soils.Whereas,unlike chicken manure mainly introducing manure-borne ARGs to soil,the plant-derived fertilizer was indicated to mainly enrich multidrug resistance genes in soil by nourishing indigenous bacteria.ARGs with abundances in amended soils significantly(P<0.05)higher than in unamended soils at the sprout stage of soybean were considered as enriched ARGs.Decrease in the abundance of the enriched ARGs was observed in both the amended soils from the sprout to the harvest.Network analysis further identified Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes as the primary bacterial taxa involved in the temporal variation of the enriched ARGs in the soils amended by plant-derived fertilizer,while in manured soils were Firmicutes and Actinobacteria.As revealed by multivariate statistical analyses,variation of the enriched ARGs in the soils amended by plant-derived fertilizer was majorly attributed to the response of co-occurred bacteria to depleting nutrients,which was different from the failed establishment of manure-borne bacteria in the manured soils.Our study provided field-based evidence that plant-derived fertilizer stimulated the intrinsic antibiotic resistome,and proposed attention to the un-perceived risk since some clinically relevant ARGs originate and evolve from natural resistome.

关键词： Organic fertilizer Intrinsic antibiotic resistance Indigenous bacteria Metagenomic sequencing

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某噪声车间交接控制室降低噪声措施分析

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中华劳动卫生职业病杂志 2023年第5期41卷 379-382页

作者：董瑞风吴庆东柴栋良薛向明战景明中国辐射防护研究院放射医学与环境医学研究所放射卫生室太原030006

目的探讨某噪声车间内交接控制室隔声、吸声等降低噪声改造方法。方法于2021年12月,通过对某噪声车间交接控制室进行职业卫生学调查及现场检测,分析噪声超标原因,提出降低噪声的改造设计方案并进行效果分析。结果噪声车间交接控制室改... 详细信息

目的探讨某噪声车间内交接控制室隔声、吸声等降低噪声改造方法。方法于2021年12月,通过对某噪声车间交接控制室进行职业卫生学调查及现场检测,分析噪声超标原因,提出降低噪声的改造设计方案并进行效果分析。结果噪声车间交接控制室改造前峰值频带噪声强度为112.8dB(A),峰值频率位于1000Hz。改造后理论计算控制值为61.0dB(A),实测噪声强度为59.8dB(A)。结论降低噪声改造后交接控制室噪声强度降低,符合GBZ1-2010《工业企业设计卫生标准》中控制室接触限值要求,对噪声治理工程具有参考意义。

关键词：噪声,职业性车间控制室隔声吸声降噪效果技术改造

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Potential reduction in carbon fixation capacity under climate change in a Pinus koraiensis forest

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第2期11卷 152-161页

作者： dong Kook Woo Department of Civil Engineering Keimyung UniversityDaegu42601Republic of Korea

There has been an increasing recognition of the crucial role of forests, responsible for sequestering atmospheric CO_(2), as a moral imperative for mitigating the pace of climate change. The complexity of evaluating climate change impacts on forest carbon and water dynamics lies in the diverse acclimations of forests to changing environments. In this study, we assessed two of the most common acclimation traits, namely leaf area index and the maximum rate of carboxylation(V_(cmax)), to explore the potential acclimation pathways of Pinus koraiensis under climate change. We used a mechanistic and process-based ecohydrological model applied to a P. koraiensis forest in Mt. Taehwa, South Korea. We conducted numerical investigations into the impacts of(i) Shared Socioeconomic Pathways 2–4.5(SSP2-4.5) and 5–8.5(SSP5-8.5),(ii) elevated atmospheric CO_(2) and temperature, and(iii) acclimations of leaf area index and V_(cmax)on the carbon and water dynamics of P. koraiensis. We found that there was a reduction in net primary productivity(NPP) under the SSP2-4.5 scenario, but not under SSP5-8.5, compared to the baseline, due to an imbalance between increases in atmospheric CO_(2) and temperature. A decrease in leaf area index and an increase in V_(cmax)of P. koraiensis were expected if acclimations were made to reduce its leaf temperature. Under such acclimation pathways, it would be expected that the well-known CO_(2) fertilizer effects on NPP would be attenuated.

关键词： Climate change NEP Pinus koraiensis Warming Acclimation

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Carbonic anhydrase-like enzymes in the formation of Lycopodium alkaloid

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第3期22卷 193-194页

作者： dong Huiwen GE Huiming State key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Institute of Functional BiomoleculesSchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Plant alkaloids,renowned for their structural diversity and bioactivity,are prominent in both modern and traditional medicine[1].Unraveling the intricacies of plant alkaloid biosynthesis could pave the way for the discovery of new natural products and pathways.It may also shed light on the roles of existing pathways in host biology and provide valuable tools for metabolic engineering in plants and microbes[2].Unlike other major classes of plant natural products,such as terpenoids and polyketides,the formation of alkaloid scaffolds does not conform to a uniform chemical theme or depend on a singular enzyme class[3].A case in point is the Lycopodium alkaloids in the Lycopodiaceae family,where the enzymes responsible for their core scaffold construction remain unidentified[4].

关键词： Lycopodium alkaloid Carbonic anhydrase-like enzymes Biosynthesis

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梯度加热工艺对自由锻GH4720Li高温合金成形性能的影响

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稀有金属 2022年第2期46卷 162-168页

作者：李靖南董瑞峰陈子帅黄东男曲敬龙内蒙古工业大学材料科学与工程学院内蒙古呼和浩特010051 中铝材料应用研究院有限公司北京102209 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司北京100081

针对GH4720Li高温合金变形过程中存在的内应力大、易开裂等问题,提出了梯度升温工艺。在室式炉加热工艺条件下,利用1 t自由锻锤,对直径50 mm的棒料进行变形量为60%~79%的镦粗实验。研究结果表明:加热工艺不同,对锻件的成材率和晶粒组织... 详细信息

针对GH4720Li高温合金变形过程中存在的内应力大、易开裂等问题,提出了梯度升温工艺。在室式炉加热工艺条件下,利用1 t自由锻锤,对直径50 mm的棒料进行变形量为60%~79%的镦粗实验。研究结果表明:加热工艺不同,对锻件的成材率和晶粒组织均有影响。800~1140℃之间采用随炉升温的方式,使得锻件晶粒尺寸异常长大,且变形量超过68%的锻件发生开裂;而相同条件下,采用梯度升温工艺,锻件温度均匀,内应力小,变形量可达到79%以上未出现开裂现象;锻件边部晶粒未异常长大且分布均匀,平均晶粒尺寸小于10μm。一次γ’相和二次γ’相大量析出,一次γ’相主要分布于晶界处,对晶界起到钉扎作用,二次γ’相主要分布于晶内,且均匀分布。洛氏硬度高达HRC 49以上。梯度升温工艺既改善了GH4720Li高温合金塑性成形性能又细化了晶粒、提高了最终产品的力学性能,同时也极大地提高了生产效率及产品合格率。

关键词： GH4720Li 梯度加热工艺微观组织成形性能

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Our Nation’s War Against the Epidemic

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Qiu Shi 2020年第3期12卷 68-80页

作者： Chen Fang dong ruifeng Chen Cong Tian Xiaohang Xinhua News Agency

The 1.4 billion Chinese people are engulfed in an extraordinary war against the epidemic.The 2020 Spring Festival vacation was extended in an unusual move,life in Wuhan was put on pause,and the movement of people trav... 详细信息

关键词： traveling unusual Against

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Heroes of the Fight Against Covid-19

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求是:英文版 2021年第1期13卷 54-62页

作者： Chen Fang Qu Ting Chen Cong dong ruifeng 不详

Hero is a weighty word,but one that has truly become familiar to every Chinese person in the great battle against Covid-19.Zhong Nanshan,Zhang Boli,Zhang Dingyu,and Chen Wei are the outstanding representatives of China’s heroes.Standing up at a time of crisis,they risked their lives to fight the epidemic,manifesting the determination of the 1.4 billion Chinese people to come together and bravely push forward.

关键词： push truly fight

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Towards full-stack deep learning-empowered data processing pipeline for synchrotron tomography experiments

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The Innovation 2024年第1期5卷 127-138页

作者： Zhen Zhang Chun Li Wenhui Wang Zheng dong Gongfa Liu Yuhui dong Yi Zhang National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230029China Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Synchrotron tomography experiments are transitioning into multifunctional,cross-scale,and dynamic characterizations,enabled by new-generation synchrotron light sources and fast developments in beamline instrumentation.However,with the spatial and temporal resolving power entering a new era,this transition generates vast amounts of data,which imposes a significant burden on the data processing end.Today,as a highly accurate and efficient data processing method,deep learning shows great potential to address the big data challenge being encountered at future synchrotron beamlines.In this review,we discuss recent advances employing deep learning at different stages of the synchrotron tomography data processing pipeline.We also highlight how applications in other data-intensive fields,such as medical imaging and electron tomography,can be migrated to synchrotron tomography.Finally,we provide our thoughts on possible challenges and opportunities as well as the outlook,envisioning selected deep learning methods,curated big models,and customized learning strategies,all through an intelligent scheduling solution.

关键词： processing pipeline outlook

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Current understanding of ELF4 deficiency:a novel inborn error of immunity

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第5期20卷 444-450页

作者： Hong-Qiang Du Xiao-dong Zhao Department of Rheumatology&Immunology National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and DisordersMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and DisordersChongqing Key Laboratory of Child Rare Diseases in Infection and ImmunityChildren’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityZhongshan Er Road 136Yuzhong DistrictChongqingChina

Background ELF4 deficiency has been recently recognized as a novel disorder within the spectrum of inborn errors of immunity(IEIs),specifically categorized as a“disease of immune dysregulation.”Cases of this condition,reported by our team and others,are very limited worldwide.As such,our current knowledge of this new disease remains preliminary.This review aims to provide a brief overview of the clinical manifestations,pathogenesis,and treatment strategies for this novel IEI.Data sources A comprehensive review was conducted after an extensive literature search in the PubMed/Medline database and websites concerning transcriptional factor ELF4 and reports concerning patients with ELF4 deficiency.Our search strategy was“ELF4 OR ETS-related transcription factor Elf-4 OR EL4-like factor 4 OR myeloid Elf-1-like factor”as of the time of manuscript submission.Results The current signature manifestations of ELF4 deficiency disorder are recurrent and prolonged oral ulcer,abdominal pain,and diarrhea in pediatric males.In some cases,immunodeficiency and autoimmunity can also be prominent.Targeted Sanger sequencing or whole exome sequencing can be used to detect variation in ELF4 gene.Western blotting for ELF4 expression of the patient’s cells can confirm the pathogenic effect of the variant.To fully confirm the pathogenicity of the variant,further functional test is strongly advised.Glucocorticoid and biologics are the mainstream management of ELF4 deficiency disorder.Conclusions Pediatric males presenting with recurring ulcerations in digestive tract epithelium with or without recurrent fever should be suspected of DEX.When atypical presentations are prominent,variations in ELF4 gene should be carefully evaluated functionally due to the complex nature of ELF4 function.Experience of treating DEX includes use of glucocorticoid and biologics and more precise treatment needs more patients to identify and further mechanistic study.

关键词： ELF4 transcription factor Immune dysregulation Inborn errors of immunity Mechanism Recurrent infections

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A Long-Time-Step-Permitting Tracer Transport Model on the Regular Latitude–Longitude Grid

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第3期41卷 493-508页

作者： Jianghao LI Li dong Key Laboratory of Earth System Modeling and Prediction China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China State key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG) Institute of Atmospheric Physics(IAP)Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather(LaSW) Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

If an explicit time scheme is used in a numerical model, the size of the integration time step is typically limited by the spatial resolution. This study develops a regular latitude–longitude grid-based global three-dimensional tracer transport model that is computationally stable at large time-step sizes. The tracer model employs a finite-volume flux-form semiLagrangian transport scheme in the horizontal and an adaptively implicit algorithm in the vertical. The horizontal and vertical solvers are coupled via a straightforward operator-splitting technique. Both the finite-volume scheme's onedimensional slope-limiter and the adaptively implicit vertical solver's first-order upwind scheme enforce monotonicity. The tracer model permits a large time-step size and is inherently conservative and monotonic. Idealized advection test cases demonstrate that the three-dimensional transport model performs very well in terms of accuracy, stability, and efficiency. It is possible to use this robust transport model in a global atmospheric dynamical core.

关键词： tracer transport numerical stability latitude–longitude grid

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