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FedDAA:a robust federated learning framework to protect privacy and defend against adversarial attack

Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第2期18卷 107-122页

作者： Shiwei LU ruihu LI Wenbin LIU Fundamentals Department Air Force Engineering UniversityXi’an 710051China Institute of Advanced Computational Science and Technology Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

Federated learning(FL)has emerged to break data-silo and protect clients’privacy in the field of artificial ***,deep leakage from gradient(DLG)attack can fully reconstruct clients’data from the submitted gradient,which threatens the fundamental privacy of *** cryptology and differential privacy prevent privacy leakage from gradient,they bring negative effect on communication overhead or model ***,the original distribution of local gradient has been changed in these schemes,which makes it difficult to defend against adversarial *** this paper,we propose a novel federated learning framework with model decomposition,aggregation and assembling(FedDAA),along with a training algorithm,to train federated model,where local gradient is decomposed into multiple blocks and sent to different proxy servers to complete *** bring better privacy protection performance to FedDAA,an indicator is designed based on image structural similarity to measure privacy leakage under DLG attack and an optimization method is given to protect privacy with the least proxy *** addition,we give defense schemes against adversarial attack in FedDAA and design an algorithm to verify the correctness of aggregated *** results demonstrate that FedDAA can reduce the structural similarity between the reconstructed image and the original image to 0.014 and remain model convergence accuracy as 0.952,thus having the best privacy protection performance and model training *** importantly,defense schemes against adversarial attack are compatible with privacy protection in FedDAA and the defense effects are not weaker than those in the traditional ***,verification algorithm of aggregation results brings about negligible overhead to FedDAA.

关键词： federated learning privacy protection adversarial attacks aggregated rule correctness verification

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Optimal binary codes and binary construction of quantum codes

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2014年第6期8卷 1024-1030,1031页

作者： Weiliang WANG Yangyu FAN ruihu LI School of Electronics and Information Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 China Science College Air Force Engineering University Xi'an 710051 China

This paper discusses optimal binary codes and pure binary quantum codes created using Steane construction. First, a local search algorithm for a special subclass of quasi-cyclic codes is proposed, then five binary quasi-cyclic codes are built. Second, three classical construction methods are generalized for new codes from old such that they are suitable for constructing binary self-orthogonal codes, and 62 binary codes and six subcode chains of obtained self-orthogonal codes are designed. Third, six pure binary quantum codes are constructed from the code pairs obtained through Steane construction. There are 66 good binary codes that include 12 optimal linear codes, 45 known optimal linear codes, and nine known optimal self-orthogonal codes. The six pure binary quantum codes all achieve the performance of their additive counterparts constructed by quaternary construction and thus are known optimal codes.

关键词： binary linear code binary self-orthogonal code quasi-cyclic code Steane construction quantum code.

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Defense against local model poisoning attacks to byzantine-robust federated learning

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2022年第6期16卷 171-173页

作者： Shiwei LU ruihu LI Xuan CHEN Yuena MA Department of Basic Sciences Air Force Engineering UniversityXi’an710051China

1 Introduction As a new mode of distributed learning,Federated Learning(FL)helps multiple organizations or clients to jointly train an artificial intelligence model without sharing their own *** with the model trained by each client alone,a high-accuracy federated model can be obtained after multiple communication rounds in *** to the characteristics of privacy protection and distributed learning,FL has been applied in many fields,such as the prognosis of pandemicdiseases,smartmanufacturing systems,etc.

关键词： client jointly model

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Recent advances in non-precious metal electrocatalysts for pH-universal hydrogen evolution reaction

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Green Energy & Environment 2021年第4期6卷 458-478页

作者： Shen Zhang Xing Zhang Yuan Rui ruihu Wang Xiaoju Li Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials College of Chemistry and Materials ScienceFujian Normal UniversityFuzhouFujian350007China State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouFujian350002China

Hydrogen production by water electrolysis is a compelling technology to produce fuels and chemicals powered by renewable *** is highly desirable to develop cost-effective and durable electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).This review has summarized recent progress in mechanism understanding of non-precious metal electrocatalysts for pH-universal *** general approaches have been demonstrated to overcome the activity/stability limitations of the electrocatalysts for HER in a broad pH *** perspectives and challenges for the development of p H-universal HER electrocatalysts have also been *** review sheds light on the design and fabrication of high-performance electrocatalysts for versatile HER-related energy technologies.

关键词： Electrocatalysis Hydrogen evolution reaction Transition metal Nanomaterials Water electrolysis

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Hollow click-based porous organic polymers for heterogenization of [Ru（bpy）3]2＋ through electrostatic interactions

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Nano Research 2016年第3期9卷 779-786页

作者： Liuyi Li Caiyan Cui Wenyue Su Yangxin Wang ruihu Wang State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350002 China State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China

A facile approach for the heterogenization of transition metal catalysts using non-covalent interactions in hollow click-based porous organic polymers （H-CPPs） is presented. A catalytically active cationic species, [Ru（bpy）3]〉（bpy = 2,2＇-bipyridyl）, was immobilized in H-CPPs via electrostatic interactions. The intrinsic properties of [Ru（bpy）3]〉 were well retained. The resulting Ru- containing hollow polymers exhibited excellent catalytic activity, enhanced stability, and good recyclability when used for the oxidative hydroxylation of 4-methoxyphenylboronic acid to 4-methoxyphenol under visible-light irradiation. The attractive catalytic performance mainly resulted from efficient mass transfer and the maintenance of the chemical properties of the cationic Ru complex in the H-CPPs.

关键词： porous organic polymers hollow heterogenization cationic metal complex catalysis

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Facile fabrication of ultrafine nickel-iridium alloy nanoparticles/graphene hybrid with enhanced mass activity and stability for overall water splitting

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第10期29卷 166-173页

作者： Shen Zhang Xing Zhang Xuerong Shi Feng Zhou ruihu Wang Xiaoju Li Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials College of Chemistry and Materials ScienceFujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350007FujianChina State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002FujianChina School of Material Engineering Shanghai University of Engineering Science333 Longteng RoadSongjiang DistrictShanghai 201620China

Developing active and durable electrocatalysts for overall water splitting is desirable but challenging to realize sustainable hydrogen ***,we report a facile and general method to prepare ultrafine nickel(Ni)-iridium(Ir)alloy nanoparticles/graphene hybrids for overall water *** optimized hybrid with 4.9 wt%Ir exhibits much higher catalytic activity and durability than commercial 20 wt%Ir/C for both oxygen evolution reaction(OER)and hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Theoretical simulations reveal that the incorporation of Ir in metallic Ni lattice regulates hydrogen adsorption free energy to the optimum level,thus improving HER activity,while in situ generated amorphous Ir-Ni hydr(oxy)oxides around metallic Ni-Ir core have been demonstrated to be the active species under OER conditions,which switches OER rate-determining step to energy-favorable *** overall water splitting electrolyzer assembled by the optimized electrocatalyst shows a low cell voltage of only 1.52 V and excellent stability to deliver a current density of 10 m A *** work provides a powerful strategy toward general synthesis of ultrafine alloy nanoparticles for high-performance overall water splitting.

关键词： Alloy nanoparticles Iridium Electrocatalysts Water splitting Mass activity

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Influence　of　Heating　Rate　on　the　Onset　of　Oscillation　in　Liquid　Bridge　of　Half　Floating　Zone

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Journal of Thermal Science 1994年第2期3卷 122-125页

作者： Jing－ChengXie Wen－ruihu InstituteofMechanics ChineseAcademyofSciencesBeijing100080China InstituteofMechanics ChineseAcademy

Many research works were completed to observe the critical applied temperature difference (△T)c in a small liquid bridge of floating zone. Different heating rates have been designed for detailed experiment,and relatively high heating rate is especially demanded for space experiment due to the limited time of experiment. In the present paper, the influence of heating rate on (△T)c was studied experimentally for cases of upper or lower rod heating for different geometry of liquid bridge. The results show that there is large variation of (△T)c for different heating rate, changing from around 0.1℃/s to 1.6℃/*** result is helpful for the design of Marangoni convection experiment and the explanation of the dispersion of experimental results.

关键词： thermocapillary convection oscillatory convection microgravity fluid mechanics.

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Coordination environments tune the activity of oxygen catalysis on single atom catalysts:A computational study

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Nano Research 2022年第4期15卷 3073-3081页

作者： Gaofan Xiao ruihu Lu Jianfeng Liu Xiaobin Liao Zhaoyang Wang Yan Zhao State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures International School of Materials Science and EngineeringWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China The Institute of Technological Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

Designing highly efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction and evolution reaction(ORR/OER)is extremely important for developing regenerative fuel cells and metal-air ***-atom catalysts(SACs)have gained considerable attention in recent years because of their maximum atom utilization efficiency and tunable coordination ***,through density functional theory(DFT)calculations,we systematically explored the ORR/OER performances of nitrogencoordinated transition metal carbon materials(TM-N_(x)-C(TM=Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Pd,and Pt;x=3,4))through tailoring the coordination *** results demonstrate that compared to conventional tetra-coordinated(TM-N_(4)-C)catalysts,the asymmetric tri-coordinated(TM-N_(3)-C)catalysts exhibit stronger adsorption capacity of catalytic *** them,Ni-N_(3)-C possesses optimal adsorption energy and the lowest overpotential of 0.29 and 0.28 V for ORR and OER,respectively,making it a highly efficient bifunctional catalyst for oxygen ***,we find this enhanced effect stems from the additional orbital interaction between newly uncoordinated d-orbitals and p-orbitals of oxygenated species,which is evidently testified via the change of d-band center and integral crystal orbital Hamilton population(ICOHP).This work not only provides a potential bifunctional oxygen catalyst,but also enriches the knowledge of coordination engineering for tailoring the activity of SACs,which may pave the way to design and discover more promising bifunctional electrocatalysts for oxygen catalysis.

关键词： single-atom catalysts density functional theory oxygen reduction reaction oxygen evolution reaction coordination environments

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Metalloporphyrin-based covalent organic frameworks composed of the electron donor-acceptor dyads for visible-light-driven selective CO2 reduction

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Science China Chemistry 2020年第9期63卷 1289-1294页

作者： Haowei Lv Rongjian Sa Pengyue Li Daqiang Yuan Xinchen Wang ruihu Wang State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China Institute of Oceanography Ocean CollegeMinjiang UniversityFuzhou 350108China State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China

The visible-light-driven photocatalytic CO2 reduction with high efficiency is highly desirable but ***,we present porphyrin-tetraphenylethene-based covalent organic frameworks(MP-TPE-COF,where M=H2,Co and Ni;TPE=4,4′,4″,4?-(ethane-1,1,2,2-tetrayl)tetrabenzaldehyde;COF=covalent organic framework)as ideal platforms for understanding photocatalytic CO2 reduction at molecular *** and theoretical investigations have demonstrated crucial roles of metalloporphyrin units in selective adsorption,activation and conversion of CO2 as well as in the separation of charge carriers and electron transfer,thus allowing for flexible modulation of photocatalytic activity and *** P-TPE-COF exhibits high CO evolution rate of 2,414μmol g-^1 h^-1 with the selectivity of 61%over H2 generation under visible-light irradiation,while Ni P-TPE-COF provides CO evolution rate of 525μmol g^-1 h^-1 and 93%selectivity with superior ***,the photocatalytic system is feasible for the simulated flue gas,which provides CO evolution rate of 386μmol g-1 h-1 and selectivity of 77%.This work provides in-depth insight into the structure-activity relationships toward the activation and photoreduction of CO2.

关键词： covalent organic frameworks photocatalysis porous materials CO2reduction metalloporphyrin

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Establishing a theoretical insight for penta-coordinated ironnitrogen-carbon catalysts toward oxygen reaction

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Nano Research 2022年第7期15卷 6067-6075页

作者： ruihu Lu Chenxi Quan Chengyi Zhang Qiu He Xiaobin Liao Zhaoyang Wang Yan Zhao State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures International School of Materials Science and EngineeringWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China The Institute of Technological Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

Developing highly active iron-nitrogen-carbon catalysts for electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reactions(ORR)is pivotal to future energy *** penta-coordinated Fe-N-C with an augmented activity toward the oxygen reduction has been regarded as one of the promising candidates to replace platinum-based ORR ***,the lack of pertinent fundamental understanding hinders further optimizing the catalytic activity of such ***,through density functional theory(DFT)calculations,we systematically investigated the catalytic activity and ligand/metal coordination effects of 17 penta-coordinated FeN-C catalysts(labeled as FeNC-Xs,X denotes axial ligand).Our results not only show the theoretical overpotential of FeNC-Xs is lower than that of conventional tetra-coordinated Fe-N-C catalysts(labeled as FeNC),verifying the preeminent performance of FeNC-Xs,but also further indicate that the axial coordination effect of X ligands can decrease the orbital hybridization of Fe active center with ORR-relevant intermediates,sequentially accelerating the *** importantly,we reveal that the catalytic activity of FeNC-Xs increases with a decreased electronegativity of X ligands,which can be utilized to describe the axial coordination effect for *** findings can deeply advance the understanding of penta-coordinated iron-nitrogencarbon catalysts,which provide timely guidelines for designing optimum Fe-N-C based catalysts.

关键词： iron-nitrogen-carbon catalysts axial ligands first-principles calculations oxygen reduction reactions orbital hybridization

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