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Investigating impacts of different building contents on the post-earthquake evacuation time using an agent-based model with considering turning behavior

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2024年第4期23卷 939-955页

作者： bao Yu School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Sanya Science and Education Innovation Park of Wuhan University of Technology Sanya 572025China

Accurate assessment of crowd evacuation inside the post-earthquake environment is critical from many perspectives,but this issue receives much less attention compared to the seismic losses of structural and non-structural *** could be attributed to the fact that post-earthquake evacuation analysis is complex due to the interaction between human behavior and the actual built environment induced by different building *** study attempts to tackle this problem by investigating the impacts of different building contents on post-earthquake evacuation time by using an agent-based model that considers turning *** this end,the agent-based model is first described,including:properties of the agent-based model with turning behavior,key aspects in its formulation considering different evacuation stages,and influence of different building contents(namely,debris from partition walls and ceiling systems,and various types of equipment)on the agent’s ***,a school building is used as a benchmark problem to validate the model without earthquake,and the findings indicate that the agent-based model can match the real safety drill results reasonably *** the validation,the school building is subsequently designed in accordance with modern seismic design codes,and the influence of debris and equipment on post-earthquake evacuation time is quantitatively studied using a suite of pulse-type ground motions as *** on this case study,recommendations are made for structural and architectural designers in an effort to reduce the potential evacuation ***,debris induced by partition walls or ceiling systems should be controlled as it has the greatest impact on the total evacuation time.

关键词： seismic fragility evacuation agent-based model route choice built environment

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Spatiotemporal changes of gross primary productivity and its response to drought in the Mongolian Plateau under climate change

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第1期16卷 46-70页

作者： ZHAO Xuqin LUO Min MENG Fanhao SA Chula bao Shanhu bao Yuhai College of Geographical Science Inner Mongolia Normal UniversityHohhot 010022China Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems Hohhot 010022China

Gross primary productivity(GPP)of vegetation is an important constituent of the terrestrial carbon sinks and is significantly influenced by *** the impact of droughts on different types of vegetation GPP provides insight into the spatiotemporal variation of terrestrial carbon sinks,aiding efforts to mitigate the detrimental effects of climate *** this study,we utilized the precipitation and temperature data from the Climatic Research Unit,the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index(SPEI),the standardized precipitation index(SPI),and the simulated vegetation GPP using the eddy covariance-light use efficiency(EC-LUE)model to analyze the spatiotemporal change of GPP and its response to different drought indices in the Mongolian Plateau during *** main findings indicated that vegetation GPP decreased in 50.53% of the plateau,mainly in its northern and northeastern parts,while it increased in the remaining 49.47%***,meadow steppe(78.92%)and deciduous forest(79.46%)witnessed a significant decrease in vegetation GPP,while alpine steppe(75.08%),cropland(76.27%),and sandy vegetation(87.88%)recovered *** aridification areas accounted for 71.39% of the affected areas,while 28.53% of the areas underwent severe aridification,mainly located in the south and central ***,the warming aridification areas of desert steppe(92.68%)and sandy vegetation(90.24%)were *** warming was found to amplify the sensitivity of coniferous forest,deciduous forest,meadow steppe,and alpine steppe GPP to ***,the drought sensitivity of vegetation GPP in the Mongolian Plateau gradually decreased as altitude *** cumulative effect of drought on vegetation GPP persisted for 3.00-8.00 *** findings of this study will improve the understanding of how drought influences vegetation in arid and semi-arid areas.

关键词： gross primary productivity(GPP) climate change warming aridification areas drought sensitivity cumulative effect duration(CED) Mongolian Plateau

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Optimization Method for Electrical Water Heaters Considering Shifting Potentials of Electricity Consumption and Water-use Activities

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第4期12卷 1250-1259页

作者： Yuqing bao Zhonghui Zuo Xuehua Wu School of Electrical and Automation Engineering Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210046China School of Electrical Engineering Nanjing Vocational University of Industry TechnologyNanjing 210023China

Electrical water heaters(EWHs)are important can-didates to provide demand-response *** traditional op-timization method for EWHs focuses on the optimization of the electricity consumption,without considering the shifting poten-tial of the water-use *** paper proposes an optimiza-tion method for EWHs considering the shifting potentials of both the electricity consumption and water-use ***-sidering that the water-use activities could be monolithically shifted,the shifting model of the water-use activities was *** addition to the thermodynamic model of the EWH,the optimal scheduling model of the EWH was developed and solved using mixed-integer linear *** studies were performed on a single EWH and aggregate EWHs,demon-strating that the proposed method can shift the water-use activi-ties and therefore increase the load-shifting potential of the EWHs.

关键词： Electrical water heater(EWH) demand response load-shifting water-use activity

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Unlocking the potential of thin-film composite reverse osmosis membrane performance:Insights from mass transfer modeling

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 66-76页

作者： Kexin Yuan Yulei Liu Haoran Feng Yi Liu Jun Cheng Beiyang Luo Qinglian Wu Xinyu Zhang ying Wang Xian bao Wanqian Guo Jun Ma State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of EnvironmentHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China College of Architecture and Environment Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Shandong Jianzhu UniversityJi’nan 250101China College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Sichuan Agricultural UniversityYaan 625014China

Thin-film composite(TFC)reverse osmosis(RO)membranes have attracted considerable attention in water treatment and desalination processes due to their specific separation ***,the trade-off effect between water flux and salt rejection poses huge challenges to further improvement in TFC RO membrane *** research works have been dedicated to optimizing membrane fabrication and modification for addressing this *** the meantime,several reviews summarized these ***,the existing reviews seldom analyzed these methods from a theoretical perspective and thus failed to offer effective optimization directions for the RO process from the root *** this review,we first propose a mass transfer model to facilitate a better understanding of the entire process of how water and solute permeate through RO membranes in detail,namely the migration process outside the membrane,the dissolution process on the membrane surface,and the diffusion process within the ***,the water and salt mass transfer behaviors obtained from model deduction are comprehensively analyzed to provide potential guidelines for alleviating the trade-off effect between water flux and salt rejection in the RO ***,inspired by the theoretical analysis and the accurate identification of existing bottlenecks,several promising strategies for both regulating RO membranes and optimizing operational conditions are proposed to further exploit the potential of RO membrane *** review is expected to guide the development of high-performance RO membranes from a mass transfer theory standpoint.

关键词： Reverse osmosis Mass transfer model Trade-off effect Membrane performance Optimization strategies

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Confined Mn^(2+) enables effective aerobic oxidation catalysis

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1545-1553页

作者： Desheng Yuan Sicong Ma Xiao Kong Chi Zhang Lin Chen Chengsheng Yang Lihua Wang Zhen Liu Lin Ye Yongmei Liu rui Ma Zhi-Pan Liu Yifeng Zhu Yong Cao Xinhe bao Department of Chemical Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201204China Institute of Advanced Fluorine-Containing Materials Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China State Key Laboratory of Catalysis National Laboratory for Clean EnergyCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China

Effective and mild activation of O_(2) is essential but challenging for aerobic oxidation. In heterogeneous catalysis, high-valence manganese oxide(e.g., +4) is known to be active for the oxidation, whereas divalent MnO is ineffective due to its limited capacity to supply surface oxygen and its thermodynamically unstable structure when binding O_(2) in reaction conditions. Inspired by natural enzymes that rely on divalent Mn^(2+), we discovered that confining Mn^(2+) onto the Mn_(2)O_(3) surface through a dedicated calcination process creates highly active catalysts for the aerobic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, benzyl alcohol, and *** Mn_(2)O_(3)-confined Mn^(2+) is undercoordinated and efficiently mediates O_(2) activation, resulting in 2–3 orders of magnitude higher activity than Mn_(2)O_(3) alone. Through low-temperature infrared spectroscopy, we distinguished low-content Mn^(2+) sites at Mn_(2)O_(3) surface, which are difficult to be differentiated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The combination of in-situ energydispersive X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction further provides insights into the formation of the newly identified active Mn^(2+) sites. By optimizing the calcination step, we were able to increase the catalytic activity threefold *** finding offers promising frontiers for exploring active oxidation catalysts by utilizing the confinement of Mn^(2+)and oftenignored calcination skills.

关键词： confinement catalysis manganese oxide aerobic oxidation divalent Mn^(2+) operando spectroscopies

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Research on the Application of Contemporary Wireless Enamel Technique in the Teaching of Traditional Jewelry Craft Course for College Student

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宝石和宝石学杂志（中英文） 2024年第4期26卷 86-93页

作者： Zhengxu Yan Xiao Lu Toshie Miyakawa rui bao Gemmological Institute China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Hubei Key Research Base of Humanities and Socical Sciences—Center for Jewelry Heritage and Innovation Wuhan 430074China Japan Kougei Nikkoukai Institute Tokyo 110-0016Japan

Taking the wireless enamel(wireless enamel refers to make enamel works without filigree)production technique in jewelry practice course as the research object,combined with years of enamel teaching experience in the Gemmological Institute of China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),this study expounds the theoretical class,design preparation,creative idea and technique practice application from the course teaching objectives and the implementation,which also emphasizes the practical improvability of students’design practice ability and innovative thinking *** the period,it focuses on the core processes,such as wireless enamel glaze method,object correction,firing time,composite application and system integration,to help students solve the key and difficult problems in the wireless enamel firing process.

关键词： wireless enamel technique practical teaching

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An isolated symmetrical 2T2R cell enabling high precision and high density for RRAM-based in-memory computing

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 287-294页

作者： Yaotian LING Zongwei WANG Yuhang YANG Lin bao Shengyu bao Qishen WANG Yimao CAI Ru HUANG School of Integrated Circuits Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits Peking University State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications

In-memory computing(IMC), leveraging emerging memories, holds significant promise in overcoming memory limitations and improving energy efficiency. However, the prevailing IMC array structure based on serially connected transistors and memory cells(1T1R/2T2R), along with the signed weight mapping scheme, can lead to asymmetrical weight sensing issues(AWS) due to electrical asymmetry within the1T1R/2T2R structure, particularly in highly scaled cells where the transistor's resistance becomes significant. In this paper, we propose and fabricate an electrically symmetric memory cell based on a physically isolated 2T2R structure for IMC. This design aims to enhance the precision and density of RRAM-based IMC arrays. The 2T2R cells are manufactured using the back-end-of-line(BEOL) process of a commercial40 nm technology platform. The feasibility of this design is verified through measured and simulated results,showcasing its capability to address the issue of AWS. Compared to conventional 2T2R cells, this design achieves a considerably smaller transistor footprint without compromising accuracy, while also improving integration density by 42.2%. These innovative memory cell advancements have the potential to further advance high-energy-efficient IMC technology.

关键词： RRAM 2T2R multi-level storage weight asymmetry in-memory computing

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Research progress of slippage characteristic and gas film stability enhancement methods on biomimetic hydrophobic surfaces

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第1期36卷 87-101页

作者： Meng-zhuo Zhang Hai-bao Hu Liu-zhen Ren Lu-yao bao Jun Wen Luo Xie School of Marine Science and Technology Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072China Research and Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen Shenzhen518063China

The biomimetic hydrophobic surface is a potentially efficient underwater drag reduction method and the drag reduction mechanism of this kind of surface comes from the interfacial *** now,it is a hotspot to grasp the slippage characteristic and explore slippage enhancement *** paper not only summarizes our numerical simulation and experimental results of slippage characteristic at the solid-liquid interface(SLI)of hydrophobic surfaces(HS)and the gas-liquid interface(GLI)of superhydrophobic surfaces(SHS)in recent years,but also introduces some innovative methods that can effectively improve the gas film stability and drag reduction effect of ***,we used the molecular dynamics(MD)simulation method to figure out the effect of the solid-liquid interaction strength,the system temperature and the shear rate on the slippage of SLI,and expound their action mechanism from molecular ***,by MD and multibody dissipative particle dynamics(MDPD)method,the slippage behavior at the GLI was studied under the influence of the microstructure size and the flow driving *** proposed a new kind of hybrid slip boundary condition model to describe the slippage characteristic on *** addition,we found through experiment that a three-dimensional backflow will appear on the GLI under the interfacial adsorption of surfactants,and the backflow direction will reverse with the change of GLI ***,we put forward the wettability step structure and gas injection method to enhance the stability and drag reduction effect of the gas film on SHS.

关键词： Hydrophobic surface superhydrophobic surface interfacial slip underwater drag reduction

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Kinetics of and solvent effects on photodegradation of hexachlorobenzene(HCB)and endosulfan(endosulfan I and endosulfan II)in solution

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Emerging Contaminants 2024年第3期10卷 400-408页

作者： Ye Wu Yan Lv Jun Jin Yuhao Fan Ru Li Junsong bao Junjie Jiang Jiali Han ying Wang College of Life and Environmental Sciences Minzu University of ChinaBeijing100081China Engineering Research Center of Food Environment and Public Health Beijing100081China State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation School of EnvironmentBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China

Organochlorine pesticides are chlorinated hydrocarbon *** production and use of organochlorine pesticides have been restricted around the world because they are persistent and toxic and able to undergo long-range transport and *** is necessary to develop efficient techniques for eliminating organochlorine pesticides from environmental media,and we also need to better understand how these techniques *** how organochlorine herbicides behave in various environmental settings is very *** looked on the photodegradation of endosulfan(endosulfan I and II)and hexachlorobenzene(HCB),two common organochlorine *** were conducted with pesticides at different concentrations,dissolved in various organic solvents,and exposed to light at different *** Functional Theory(DFT)was employed to study solvent *** kinetics followed first-order *** pesticides dissolved in various organic solvents showed a decrease in their degradation rates in the following order:toluene>acetone>*** was discovered that there was a good chance the Cl atoms on the benzene ring in HCB would be eliminated through nucleophilic *** was discovered that endosulfan breaks preferentially at the S=O double *** findings will aid in the development of strategies for successfully eliminating organochlorine pesticides from environmental media by aiding in the prediction and assessment of the photochemical behaviors of the pesticides under various environmental circumstances.

关键词： Organochlorine pesticides Degradation characteristics Density functional calculation Solvent effect

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Detection of Novel BEST1 Variations in Autosomal Recessive Bestrophinopathy Using Third-generation Sequencing

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Current Medical Science 2024年第2期44卷 419-425页

作者： Jia-xun LI Ling-rui MENG bao-ke HOU Xiao-lu HAO Da-jiang WANG Ling-hui QU Zhao-hui LI Lei ZHANG Xin JIN Department of Senior Ophthalmology the Third Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China Department of Ophthalmology the 74th Army Group HospitalGuangzhou 510318China

Objective:Autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy(ARB),a retinal degenerative disease,is characterized by central visual loss,yellowish multifocal diffuse subretinal deposits,and a dramatic decrease in the light peak on *** potential pathogenic mechanism involves mutations in the BEST1 gene,which encodes Ca2+-activated Cl−channels in the retinal pigment epithelium(RPE),resulting in degeneration of RPE and *** this study,the complete clinical characteristics of two Chinese ARB families were ***:Pacific Biosciences(PacBio)single-molecule real-time(SMRT)sequencing was performed on the probands to screen for disease-causing gene mutations,and Sanger sequencing was applied to validate variants in the patients and their family ***:Two novel mutations,c.202T>C(chr11:61722628,p.Y68H)and c.867+97G>A,in the BEST1 gene were identified in the two Chinese ARB *** novel missense mutation BEST1 c.202T>C(p.Y68H)resulted in the substitution of tyrosine with histidine in the N-terminal region of transmembrane domain 2 of *** novel variant,BEST1 c.867+97G>A(chr11:61725867),located in intron 7,might be considered a regulatory variant that changes allele-specific binding affinity based on motifs of important transcriptional ***:Our findings represent the first use of third-generation sequencing(TGS)to identify novel BEST1 mutations in patients with ARB,indicating that TGS can be a more accurate and efficient tool for identifying mutations in specific *** novel variants identified further broaden the mutation spectrum of BEST1 in the Chinese population.

关键词： autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy BEST1 gene third-generation sequencing mutation

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