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Transformation and mechanisms of climate wet/dry change on the northern Tibetan Plateau under global warming:A perspective from paleoclimatology

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第6期67卷 1932-1951页

作者： Yu LI Zhansen ZHANG xueru ZHOU Minjun GAO Junjie duan Yaxin xue Hao SHANG Shiyu LIU Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

The northern Tibetan Plateau is a climatically sensitive zone influenced by monsoon and westerly *** summer,water vapor transport can reach Qinghai Lake and the eastern section of the Qilian Mountains;in winter,westerly winds mainly control the *** article compares the wet/dry changes in the region during the mid-Holocene(MH)warm period,the medieval climate anomaly(MCA),the current warm period(CWP),and the future warm period from the perspective of *** found that the MH warm period was mainly affected by the orbit-controlled East Asian summer monsoon,and the region showed warm and humid climate *** MCA was mainly controlled by solar radiation,and there was a warm and dry *** CWP and the future warm period are mainly controlled by the rise in temperature caused by the increase in greenhouse gases,and the climate is becoming more *** wet/dry patterns in the CWP and the future warm period in the next century on the northern Tibetan Plateau are similar to those in the *** warming will lead to the expansion of the westerly belt and a gradually humid *** future wet/dry changes will be more similar to the MH warm period.

关键词： Northern Tibetan Plateau Wet/dry change Warm period similarity Driving mechanism Future assessment

Ginsenoside Rk3 modulates gut microbiota and regulates immune response of group 3 innate lymphoid cells to against colorectal tumorigenesis

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第2期14卷 259-275页

作者： xue Bai Rongzhan Fu Yannan Liu Jianjun Deng Qiang Fei Zhiguang duan Chenhui Zhu Daidi Fan Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials School of Chemical EngineeringNorthwest UniversityXi'an710069China Biotech&Biomed Research Institute Northwest UniversityXi'an710069China School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710069China

The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in the immunomodulatory and protumorigenic microenvironment of colorectal cancer(CRC).However,the effect of ginsenoside Rk3(Rk3)on CRC and gut microbiota remains ***,the purpose of this study is to explore the potential effect of Rk3 on CRC from the perspective of gut microbiota and immune *** results reveal that treatment with Rk3 significantly suppresses the formation of colon tumors,repairs intestinal barrier damage,and regulates the gut microbiota imbalance caused by CRC,including enrichment of probiotics such as Akkermansia muciniphila and Barnesiella intestinihominis,and clearance of pathogenic *** metabolomics data demonstrate that Rk3 can modulate the metabolism of amino acids and bile acids,particularly by upregulating glutamine,which has the potential to regulate the immune ***,we elucidate the regulatory effects of Rk3 on chemokines and inflammatory factors associated with group 3 innate lymphoid cells(ILC3s)and T helper 17(Th17)signaling pathways,which inhibits the hyperactivation of the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(JAK-STAT3)signaling *** results indicate that Rk3 modulates gut microbiota,regulates ILC3s immune response,and inhibits the JAK-STAT3 signaling pathway to suppress the development of colon *** importantly,the results of fecal microbiota transplantation suggest that the inhibitory effect of Rk3 on colon tumors and its regulation of ILC3 immune responses are mediated by the gut *** summary,these findings emphasize that Rk3 can be utilized as a regulator of the gut microbiota for the prevention and treatment of CRC.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Ginsenoside Immune cells Gut microbiota

Trimethylamine N-oxide generation process was influenced by the proportion and source of macronutrients in the diet

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 649-658页

作者： Chengcheng Wang xuefeng duan Xiaoyue Li Jinyue Yang Changhu xue Teruyoshi Yanagita Tiantian Zhang Yuming Wang College of Food Science and Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China Laboratory of Nutrition Biochemistry Department of Applied Biochemistry and Food ScienceSaga UniversitySaga 840-8502Japan

Trimethylamine N-oxide(TMAO)is a risk factor of various chronic diseases,which was produced by metabolism from precursors to trimethylamine(TMA)in gut and the oxidation from TMA in *** TMA generation was influenced by diet,mainly due to the rich TMAO precursors in ***,it was still unclear that the effects of different proportion and source of macronutrients in different dietary pattern on the production process of ***,the generation of TMA from precursors and TMAO from TMA was determined after single oral choline chloride and intraperitoneal injection TMA,respectively,in mice fed with carbohydrates,proteins and fats in different proportion and *** results suggested that the generation of TMAO was increased by low non-meat protein and high fat via enhancing the production of TMAO from TMA,and decreased by plant protein and refined sugar via reducing TMA production from precursors in gut and TMAO transformation from TMA in *** high fat and high sugar diets accelerating the development of atherosclerosis did not increase the production of TMAO,the risk factor for atherosclerosis,which indicated that the dietary compositions rather than the elevated TMAO level might be a more key risk factor for atherosclerosis.

关键词： Trimethylamine N-oxide(TMAO) Trimethylamine(TMA) Dietary composition Macronutrients Gut microbiota

Combatting Pathogenic Bacteria with Synthetic Immunotherapeutics from Chitosan:Antibody Recruiting at Engineered Bacterial Surface with Peptidoglycan Analogs

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第6期6卷 1448-1457页

作者： Yuan Xu Shihao Song Hongwei duan Yinyue Deng xue-Wei Liu School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637371 Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education School of Pharmaceutical SciencesHainan UniversityHaikou 570228 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences(Shenzhen) Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen UniversitySun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen 518107

The emergence of microbial drug resistance,coupled with the paucity of new antibiotics poses an impending threat to public *** this work,we drew inspiration from synthetic peptidoglycan oligomers and successfully constructed antibody-recruiting peptidoglycan analogs,2a-d,with excellent safety profiles and high efficiencies in recruiting antibodies across different ***,we demonstrated that these peptidoglycan analogs could be readily incorporated into bacteria cell walls,whereby both simple monoclonal and pooled human serum antibodies effectively congregated to the surfaceengineered bacteria,leading to the complete extermination of the engineered bacterial cells both in vitro and in *** peptidoglycan analog agents for recruiting endogenous antibodies to combat pathogenic bacteria enable further development of promising broad-spectrum immunotherapeutics.

关键词： chitosan bacterial infection endogenous antibodies bacterial surface engineering peptidoglycan analogs

Development of a Front End Array for Broadband Phased Array Receiver

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第4期24卷 60-70页

作者： Kai Wang Liang Cao Jun Ma xue-Feng duan Hao Yan Mao-Zheng Chen Yun-Wei Ning Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 8300lChina University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Microwave Technology Urumqi 830011China

The receiver is a signal receiving device placed at the focus of the *** order to improve the observation efficiency,the concept of phased array receiver has been proposed in recent years,which places a small phased array at the focal plane of the reflector,and flexible pattern and beam scanning functions can be achieved through a beamforming *** combined with the element multiplexing,all beams within the entire field of view can be observed simultaneously to achieve continuous sky *** article focuses on the front-end array of phased array receiver at 0.7-1.8 GHz for QiTai Telescope,and designs a Vivaldi antenna array of PCB structure with dual line *** polarization antenna is designed to arrange in a rectangle manner by 11×*** on the simulation results of the focal field,32,18,and eight elements were selected to form one beam at 0.7,1.25,and1.8 *** analog beamforming network was constructed,and the measured gains of axial beam under uniform weighting were 19.32,13.72,and 15.22 *** the beam scanning method of reflector antenna,the pattern test of different position element sets required for PAF beam scanning was carried out under independent *** pattern optimization at 1.25 GHz was carried out by weighting method of conjugate field *** with uniform weighting,the gain,sidelobe level,and main beam direction under conjugate field matching have been *** the above test and simulation results are slightly different,which is related to the passive array and laboratory testing condition,the relevant work has accumulated experience in the development of the front-end array for the phased array receiver,and has good guiding significance for future performance verification after the array is installed on the telescope.

关键词： telescopes instrumentation:detectors techniques:radar astronomy

Effect of reduction pretreatment on the structure and catalytic performance of Ir-In_(2)O_(3)catalysts for CO_(2) hydrogenation to methanol

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期140卷 2-11页

作者： Changyu Ding Feifei Yang xue Ye Chongya Yang Xiaoyan Liu Yuanlong Tan Zheng Shen Hongmin duan Xiong Su Yanqiang Huang CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

In_(2)O_(3)has been found a promising application in CO_(2)hydrogenation to methanol,which is beneficial to the utilization of CO_(2).The oxygen vacancy(O_(v))site is identified as the catalytic active center of this ***,there remains a great challenge to understand the relations between the state of oxygen species in In_(2)O_(3)and the catalytic performance for CO_(2)hydrogenation to *** the present work,we compare the properties of multiple In_(2)O_(3)and Ir-promoted In_(2)O_(3)(Ir-In_(2)O_(3))catalysts with different Ir loadings and after being pretreated under different reduction *** CO_(2)conversion rate of Ir-In_(2)O_(3)is more promoted than that of pure In_(2)O_(3).With only a small amount of Ir loading,the highly dispersed Ir species on In_(2)O_(3)increase the concentration of O_(v)sites and enhance the *** finely tuning the catalyst structure,Ir-In_(2)O_(3)with an Ir loading of 0.16 wt.%and pre-reduction treatment under 300℃exhibits the highest methanol yield of 146 mgCH_(3)OH/(gcat·hr).Characterizations of Raman,electron paramagnetic resonance,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,CO_(2)-temperature programmed desorption and CO_(2)-pulse adsorption for the catalysts confirm that more O_(v)sites can be generated under higher reduction temperature,which will induce a facile CO_(2)adsorption and desorption *** performance for methanol production requires an adequate dynamic balance among the surface oxygen atoms and vacancies,which guides us to find more suitable conditions for catalyst pretreatment and reaction.

关键词： Carbon dioxide Hydrogenation Methanol In_(2)O_(3) Fixed-bed Reduction temperature

Control of temperature dependent viscosity for manufacturing of Bi-doped active fiber

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第3期6卷 522-530页

作者： rui duan Jingfei Chen Hao Ke Tianxia Wei Ke Zhang xueliang Li Xu Feng Qiuju Zheng Zhixue He Jianrong Qiu Shifeng Zhou State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices School of Materials Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640People’s Republic of China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied Techniques Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Special Optical Fiber Materials and DevicesGuangzhou 510640People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Qilu University of TechnologyJinanPeople’s Republic of China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen 518000People’s Republic of China College of Optical Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical InstrumentationZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027People’s Republic of China

Bi-activated photonic materials are promising for various applications in high-capacity telecommunication,tunable laser,and advanced bioimaging and *** various Bi-doped material candidates have been explored,manufacturing of Bi heavily doped fiber with excellent optical activity remains a long-standing ***,a novel viscosity evolutional behavior mediated strategy for manufacturing of Bi-doped active fiber with high dopant solubility is *** intrinsic relation among the evolution of Bi,reaction temperature and viscosity of the glass system is ***,the effective avenue to prevent the undesired deactivation of Bi during fiber drawing by tuning the temperature dependent viscosity evolution is *** applying the strategy,for the first time we demonstrate the success in fabrication of heavily doped Bi active ***,the principal fiber amplifier device is constructed and broadband optical signal amplification is *** findings indicate the effectiveness of the proposed temperature dependent viscosity mediated strategy for developing novel photonic active fiber,and they also demonstrate the great potential for application in the next-generation high-capacity telecommunication system.

关键词： infrared luminescence active fiber optical amplification

A Review on Engineering Transition Metal Compound Catalysts to Accelerate the Redox Kinetics of Sulfur Cathodes for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第5期16卷 300-332页

作者： Liping Chen Guiqiang Cao Yong Li Guannan Zu ruixian duan Yang Bai Kaiyu xue Yonghong Fu Yunhua Xu Juan Wang Xifei Li Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055People’s Republic of China Institute of Advanced Electrochemical Energy and School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an 710048People’s Republic of China Yulin University Yulin 719000People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108People’s Republic of China

Engineering transition metal compounds(TMCs)catalysts with excellent adsorption-catalytic ability has been one of the most effec-tive strategies to accelerate the redox kinetics of sulfur ***,this review focuses on engineering TMCs catalysts by cation doping/anion doping/dual doping,bimetallic/bi-anionic TMCs,and TMCs-based heterostructure *** is obvious that introducing cations/anions to TMCs or constructing heterostructure can boost adsorption-catalytic capacity by regulating the electronic structure including energy band,d/p-band center,electron filling,and valence ***,the elec-tronic structure of doped/dual-ionic TMCs are adjusted by inducing ions with different electronegativity,electron filling,and ion radius,resulting in electron redistribution,bonds reconstruction,induced vacancies due to the electronic interaction and changed crystal structure such as lat-tice spacing and lattice *** from the aforementioned two strategies,heterostructures are constructed by two types of TMCs with different Fermi energy levels,which causes built-in electric field and electrons transfer through the interface,and induces electron redistribution and arranged local atoms to regulate the electronic ***,the lacking studies of the three strategies to comprehensively regulate electronic structure for improving catalytic performance are pointed *** is believed that this review can guide the design of advanced TMCs catalysts for boosting redox of lithium sulfur batteries.

关键词： Lithium–sulfur battery Redox kinetic Transition metal compounds catalyst Multiple metals/anions

A FAS approach for stabilization of generalized chained forms: part 1. Discontinuous control laws

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 118-143页

作者： Guang-Ren duan Center for Control Theory and Guidance Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Center for Control Science and Technology Southern University of Science and Technology

In this paper, a type of general nonholonomic systems is proposed, which contains both the Brockett’s two example systems, and their extended n-dimensional chained forms, as special cases. For the stabilization of such systems, a stabilizing controller is proposed based on the fully actuated system(FAS)approach, which is discontinuous at the origin but time-invariant when the open-loop system is time-invariant,and drives the feasible trajectories of the system to the origin exponentially. Furthermore, the proposed FAS approach is also extended to the sub-normal system case and the time-delay system case.

关键词： nonholonomic systems feedback stabilization exponential convergence sub-fully actuated systems time-delay systems