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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2008年第10期9卷 779-786页

作者： rui-lin zhao Dennis E. DESJARDIN Kasem SOYTONG Kevin D. HYDE Faculty of Biology Conservation Southwest Forestry University Kunming 650224 China Department of Biology San Francisco State University San Francisco California 94132 USA Faculty of Agricultural Technology King Mongkut＇s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang （KMITL） Ladkrabang Bangkok 10520 Thailand International Fungal Resource and Development Centre the Research Institute of Resources Insects Chinese Academy of Forestry Kunming 650224 China Fungal Research Group School of Science Mae Fah Luang University Tasud Chiang Rai 57100 Thailand

We present an overview of previous research results on the molecular phylogenetic analyses in Agaricales and its higher ranks (Agaricomycetes/Agaricomycotina/Basidiomycota) along with the most recent treatments of taxonomic systems in these taxa. Establishing phylogenetic hypotheses using DNA sequences, from which an understanding of the natural evolutionary relationships amongst clades may be derived, requires a robust dataset. It has been recognized that single-gene phylogenies may not truly represent organismal phylogenies, but the concordant phylogenetic genealogies from multiple-gene datasets can resolve this problem. The genes commonly used in mushroom phylogenetic research are summarized.

关键词： Gene Molecular Mushrooms Phylogeny

Towards standardizing taxonomic ranks using divergence times-a case study for reconstruction of the Agaricus taxonomic system

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Fungal Diversity 2016年第3期78卷 239-292页

作者： rui-lin zhao Jun-Liang Zhou Jie Chen Simona Margaritescu Santiago Sánchez-Ramírez Kevin D Hyde Philippe Callac Luis A.Parra Guo-Jie Li Jean-Marc Moncalvo State Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute of Microbiology and Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah LuangUniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Department of Natural History Royal Ontario MuseumTorontoON M5S 2C6Canada Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of TorontoTorontoON M5S 3B2Canada Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences132 Lanhei RoadKunming 650201China INRA-UR1264 Mycologie et Sécuritédes AlimentsCS 2003233882 Villenave d’Ornon cedexFrance Avda.Padre Claret n°7 5°G09400 Aranda de DueroBurgosSpain

The recognition of taxonomic ranks in the linnean classification system is largely *** authors have proposed the use of divergence time as a universally standardized ***(Agaricaceae,Agaricales)is a mushroom genus that contains many species of high commercial *** studies using ITS sequence data discovered 11 new phylogenetic lineages within the genus,however their taxonomic ranks were uncertain due to the lack of criteria to define them within traditional *** this study,we analyzed ITS sequence data from 745 collections(nearly 600 being newly generated)including 86 from type specimens of previously recognized subgenera and *** monophyletic groups were recognized,but most basal relationships were *** hundred and fourteen representatives of the identified ITS clades were selected in order to produce a multi-gene phylogeny based on combined LSU,tef-1α,and rpb2 sequence *** times within the multi-gene phylogeny were estimated using BEAST *** on phylogenetic relationships and with respect to morphology,we propose a revised taxonomic system for Agaricus that considers divergence time as a standardized criterion for establishing taxonomic *** propose to segregate Agaricus into five subgenera and 20 *** Pseudochitonia is substantially emended;circumscription of the subgenera Agaricus and Flavoagaricus is restricted to taxa of sections Agaricus and Arvenses,respectively;and two new subgenera(Minores and Spissicaules)are *** Pseudochitonia,sections Bivelares,Brunneopicti,Chitonioides,Nigrobrunnescentes,Sanguinolenti and Xanthodermatei are maintained,but the latter two are reduced because we raise subsection Bohusia to sectional rank and a clade within section Xanthodermatei is formally introduced as section Hondenses;and sections Rubricosi,Crassispori,Flocculenti,and Amoeni are *** Laeticolores is placed in the subgenus Minores and sections Rarolen

关键词： Agaricaceae Divergence times Multi-gene phylogenetics Systematics Taxonomy

Muti-locus phylogeny and divergence time analyses of Russula from China

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Muti-locus phylogeny and divergence time analyses of Russula...

Offspring analysis using two CAPS markers in the edible mushroom Agaricus sinodeliciosus

中国菌物学会2016年学术年会

作者： Guo Jie Li Hua An Wen Fu Cheng lin rui lin zhao State Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology Institute of BiotechnologyZhejiang University

The genus Russula is a group containing more than 760 species in the world,including many species of edible,medicinal and other economic *** of Russula form symbiotic association of mycorrhizae with roots of various species of shrubs and both coniferous and deciduous trees,playing an important role in *** genus is split into 11 subgenera in the current taxonomic systems of Russula,which are mainly based on morphological characteristics,such as pileus color,context taste,color of spore print,presence of dermatocystidia and primordial hyphae,and size of basidia and *** quite limited molecular phylogeny works are only based on ITS and LSU sequences analyses from several subgenera *** existence of huge number of species,highly variable phenotype and deficient phylogenetic study results Russula is becoming a difficult group in systematic *** this study,a comprehensive phylogenetic analyses based on ITS,n LSU,tef-1α,mt SSU,rpb1 and rpb2 sequences（all are newly generated from this research） derived from 256 Russula specimens in China which represent 161 species from all known 11 subgenera and 26 sections are *** clock dating analysis using BEAST v1.8.3 based on those 6 genes reveal the divergence times of Russula and related subgenera and *** divergence time is introduced as one of universal standardized criteria in taxa ranking as those of previous study in *** research shows the known subgenera Brevipes,Ingratula,Malodora,Russula and Tenellula are generally monophyletic groups,subgenera Coccinula,Compacta,Heterophyllidia,Incrustatula,Insidiosula and Polychromidia are obviously *** order to accommodation those new discoveries,a revised taxonomic system of Rususla is proposed,which composed of 5 new subgenera,sections Amethystina,Indolenta,Maculata,Rosea and Virdanta are raised into subgenera level,and along with 35 new ***,the revised taxonomic system of genus Russu

关键词： Russulaceae divergence times multigene phylogenetics systematics taxonomy

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Offspring analysis using two CAPS markers in the edible mush...

A six-gene phylogenetic overview of Basidiomycota and allied phyla with estimated divergence times of higher taxa and a phyloproteomics perspective

中国菌物学会2018年学术年会

作者： Zhi-lin ling Hui-Jun Wang Philippe Callac rui-lin zhao State Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of Sciences College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences INRA UR1264 MycSAMycologie et sécurité des aliments

Agaricus sinodeliciosus is an edible and wild mushroom from Northwest China, and belongs to Agaricus section Bivelares which includes several famous cultivated species, such as A. bisporus. Agaricus species present diverse types of life cycles, which strongly impact breeding programs. The main objective of this study was to identify the different categories of spores produced by this potentially cultivated species. Using a morphological approach based on the number of sterigmata per basidium;and a genetic approach based on the genotypes of the progeny at two loci, the rate of heterokaryotic spores was estimated to 6% and 16%, *** codominant markers were chosen in the gene MIP and the ITS region. Genotypic analysis and mating tests confirmed that in A. sinodeliciosus like in A. bisporus and A. subrufescens, the marker MIP is centromere-linked and tightly linked to the mating type locus, while the marker ITS is not linked to MIP nor to a centromere. We concluded that A. sinodeliciosus has a unifactoriel system of sexual incompatibility, an amphithallic life cycle predominantly heterothallic, and that its homothallism follows a non-random model with non-sister postmeiotic nuclei paired in the same spore. This method using two informative markers is reliable not only to select the homokaryotic offspring but also to classify the homokaryons in two breeding stocks according to their mating type alleles.

关键词： Amphithallic heterokaryons homokaryons sexual system

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Fungal Diversity 2017年第3期84卷 43-74页

作者： rui-lin zhao Guo-Jie Li Santiago Sanchez-Ramirez Matt Stata Zhu-Liang Yang Gang Wu Yu-Cheng Dai Shuang-Hui He Bao-Kai Cui Jun-Liang Zhou Fang Wu Mao-Qiang He Jean-Marc Moncalvo Kevin D.Hyde State Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100101China College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesHuairou DistrictBeijing 100408China Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of TorontoTorontoON M5S 3B2Canada Department of Natural History Royal Ontario MuseumTorontoON M5S 2C6Canada Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanChina Institute of Microbiology and Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanChina

In this paper,we provide a phylogenetic overview of Basidiomycota and related phyla in relation to ten years of DNA based phylogenetic studies since the AFTOL publications in *** selected 529 species to address phylogenetic relationships of higher-level taxa using a maximumlikelihood framework and sequence data from six genes traditionally used in fungal molecular systematics(nrLSU,nrSSU,5.8S,tef1-a,rpb1 and rpb2).These species represent 18 classes,62 orders,183 families,and 392 genera from the phyla Basidiomycota(including the newly recognized subphylum Wallemiomycotina)and Entorrhizomycota,and 13 species representing 13 classes of Ascomycota as outgroup *** also conducted a molecular dating analysis based on these six genes for 116 species representing 17 classes and 54 orders of Basidiomycota and *** we performed a phyloproteomics analysis from 109 Basidiomycota species and 6 outgroup taxa using amino-acid sequences retrieved from 396 orthologous *** of higher taxa follows the criteria in zhao et al(Fungal Divers 78:239–292,2016):(i)taxa must be monophyletic and statistically well-supported in molecular dating analyses,(ii)their respective stem ages should be roughly equivalent,and(iii)stem ages of higher taxa must be older than those of lower level *** time-tree indicates that the mean of stem ages of Basidiomycota and Entorrhizomycota are ca.530 Ma;subphyla of Basidiomycota are 406–490 Ma;most classes are 358–393 Ma for those of Agaricomycotina and 245–356 Ma for those of Pucciniomycotina and Ustilaginomycotina;most orders of those subphyla split 120–290 *** of most higherlevel taxa of Basidiomycota are generally supported,especially those taxa introduced in the recent ten years:phylum Entorrhizomycota,classes Malasseziomycetes,Moniliellomycetes,Spiculogloeomycetes,Tritirachiomycetes and orders Amylocorticiales,Golubeviales,Holtermanniales,Jaapiales,Lepidostromatales,Robbauerales,Stereopsidales and Tricho

关键词： Fungi Systematics Taxonomy Wallemiomycotina

“Zero‑Strain” NiNb_(2)O_(6) Fibers for All‑Climate Lithium Storage

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 348-360页

作者： Yan zhao Qiang Yuan Liting Yang Guisheng Liang Yifeng Cheng Limin Wu Chunfu lin Renchao Che College of Physics Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Institute of Materials for Energy and EnvironmentQingdao UniversityQingdao 266071People’s Republic of China Laboratory of Advanced Materials Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsAcademy for Engineering&TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200438People’s Republic of China Zhejiang Laboratory Hangzhou 311100People’s Republic of China Inner Mongolia University Hohhot 010021People’s Republic of China

Niobates are promising all-climate Li^(+)-storage anode material due to their fast charge transport,large specific capacities,and resistance to electrolyte ***,their moderate unit-cellvolume expansion(generally 5%–10%)during Li^(+)storage causes unsatisfactory long-term ***,“zero-strain”NiNb_(2)O_(6) fibers are explored as a new anode material with comprehensively good electrochemical *** Li^(+)storage,the expansion of electrochemical inactive NiO_(6) octahedra almost fully offsets the shrinkage of active NbO_(6) octahedra through reversible O *** superior volume-accommodation capability of the NiO_(6) layers guarantees the“zero-strain”behavior of NiNb_(2)O_(6) in a broad temperature range(0.53%//0.51%//0.74%at 25//−10//60℃),leading to the excellent cyclability of the NiNb_(2)O_(6) fibers(92.8%//99.2%//91.1%capacity retention after 1000//2000//1000 cycles at 10C and 25//−10//60℃).This NiNb_(2)O_(6) material further exhibits a large reversible capacity(300//184//318 mAh g−1 at 0.1C and 25//−10//60℃)and outstanding rate performance(10 to 0.5C capacity percentage of 64.3%//50.0%//65.4%at 25//−10//60℃).Therefore,the NiNb_(2)O_(6) fibers are especially suitable for large-capacity,fast-charging,long-life,and all-climate lithium-ion batteries.

关键词： NiNb_(2)O_(6)porous fiber “Zero-strain”mechanism Electrochemical property Harsh-temperature operation Operando characterization

Tropic origins, a dispersal model for saprotrophic mushrooms in Agaricus section Minores with descriptions of sixteen new species

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Tropic origins, a dispersal model for saprotrophic mushrooms...

Species diversity of Basidiomycota

中国菌物学会2018年学术年会

作者： Mao-Qiang He Jie Chen Jun-Liang Zhou Cheewangkoon Ratchadawan Kevin D.Hyde rui-lin zhao State key laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology Faculty of AgricultureChiang Mai University Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang University Institute of Microbiology and Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control Beijing Forestry University College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Agaricus section Minores contains the richest species diversity within the genus（zhao et al. 2011,zhao et al. 2016, Chen et al. 2017）. Its Phylogeny is firstly presented by a Maximum Likelihood tree generated through DNA sequences from four gene regions of 91 species. Furthermore, a molecular dating analysis is conducted used those sequences, and it provided the divergence times of the clades within section Minores. Study showed section Minores has a tropical origin. Four main dispersal routes are proposed:（1） species from South Asia migrated through the Tibetan Plateau and reached Europe ca. 9–13 Ma;（2） species from out of South Asia dispersed to Europe in the earlier time of ca. 22 Ma;（3） species from South Asia dispersed through North Asia to Alaska, and reached West America around ca. 9 Ma;and（4） species from South Asia dispersed south and reached Oceania by at least three invading events about ca. 9, 12 and 16–18 Ma respectively. Those routes excepting the second route coincide with those of ectomycorrhizal mushrooms（Matheny et al. 2009, Geml et al. 2012, Wilson et al. 2012）. To know whether the second route existed in the saprotrophic mushrooms requires further studies,and the fourth route may explain why the secotioid species occurring in Australia are morphologically similar but cluster in different phylogenetic clades. This study also demonstrates a great biodiversity of A. section Minores in China that sixteen new species and three new records are introduced.

关键词： Phylogeography BEAST Phylogeny Agaricaceae

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Fungal Diversity 2022年第3期114卷 281-325页

作者： Mao-Qiang He rui-lin zhao Dong-Mei Liu Teodor T.Denchev Dominik Begerow Andrey Yurkov Martin Kemler Ana M.Millanes Mats Wedin A.R.McTaggart Roger G.Shivas Bart Buyck Jie Chen Alfredo Vizzini Viktor Papp Ivan V.Zmitrovich Naveed Davoodian Kevin D.Hyde State Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101People’s Republic of China College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesHuairou DistrictBeijing 100408People’s Republic of China Institute of Ecology Chinese Reserach Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012People’s Republic of China Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research Bulgarian Academy of Sciences2 Gagarin St.1113 SofiaBulgaria Evolution der Pflanzen und Pilze Ruhr-Universität BochumND 03Universitätsstr.15044801 BochumGermany Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures Inhoffenstraße 7B38124 BraunschweigGermany Departamento de Biología y Geología Física y Química InorgánicaUniversidad Rey Juan Carlos28933 MóstolesSpain Department of Botany Swedish Museum of Natural HistoryP.O.Box 5000710405 StockholmSweden Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation The University of QueenslandBrisbane 4001Australia Centre for Crop Health University of Southern QueenslandToowoomba 4350Australia Institut pour Systematique EcologieBiodiversite(ISYEBUMR 7205)Sorbonne universitéMuséum National d’Histoire Naturelle CP 39CNRSDépartement Origines et Evolution12 Rue Buffon75005 ParisFrance Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias PeñuelaUniversidad VeracruzanaAmatlán de los Reyes94945 VeracruzMéxico Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi Universitàdi TorinoViale P.A.Mattioli 2510125 TorinoItaly Department of Botany Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences1518 BudapestHungary Komarov Botanical Institute Russian Academy of SciencesProfessor Popov st.2Saint PetersburgRussia 197376 Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria Birdwood AvenueMelbourneVIC 3004Australia Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Biodiversity and Biogeography of East Asia(KLPB) Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Science

Fungi are eukaryotes that play essential roles in *** fungi,Basidiomycota is one of the major phyla with more than 40,000 described *** review species diversity of Basidiomycota from five groups with different lifestyles or habitats:saprobic in grass/forest litter,wood-decaying,yeast-like,ectomycorrhizal,and plant *** studies of Agaricus,Cantharellus,Ganoderma,Gyroporus,Russula,Tricholoma,and groups of lichenicolous yeast-like fungi,rust fungi,and smut fungi are used to determine trends in discovery of *** each case study,the number of new species published during 2009–2020 is analysed to determine the rate of *** rates differ between taxa and reflect different states of progress for species discovery in different *** results showed that lichenicolous yeast-like taxa had the highest publication rate for new species in the past two decades,and it is likely this trend will continue in the next *** species discovery rate of plant parasitic basidiomycetes was low in the past ten years,and remained constant in the past 50 *** also found that the establishment of comprehensive and robust taxonomic systems based on a joint global initiative by mycologists could promote and standardize the recognition of *** estimated that more than 54,000 species of Basidiomycota will be discovered by 2030,and estimate a total of 1.4–4.2 million species of Basidiomycota *** numbers illustrate a huge gap between the described and yet unknown diversity in Basidiomycota.

关键词： Biodiversity Fungi Species number Taxonomy

The ranking of fungi:a tribute to David *** on his 70th birthday

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Fungal Diversity 2017年第3期84卷 1-23页

作者： Kevin D.Hyde Sajeewa S.N.Maharachchikumbura Sinang Hongsanan Milan C.Samarakoon Robert Lücking Dhandevi Pem Dulanjalee Harishchandra Rajesh Jeewon rui-lin zhao Jian-Chu Xu1 Jian-Chu Xu Jian-Kui Liu Abdullah M.Al-Sadi Ali H.Bahkali Abdallah M.Elgorban Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of SciencesChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100101China College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesHuairou DistrictBeijing 100408China Department of Botany and Microbiology College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box:2455Riyadh 1145Saudi Arabia Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Department of Crop Sciences College of Agricultural and Marine SciencesSultan Qaboos UniversityP.O.Box 34123 Al-KhodOman Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Freie Universität BerlinKönigin-Luise-Strasse 6-814195 BerlinGermany Department of Health Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of MauritiusReduitMauritius Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyang CityPeople’s Republic of China Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang MaiThailand Institute of Plant and Environment Protection Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097People’s Republic of China

The history of assigning ranks to fungi,as well as the relative importance of using divergence time estimates is *** paper pays tribute to the major mycological players,and especially to David Hawksworth on his 70th birthday and his contribution to fungal ranking in Systema Ascomycetum from 1982 to *** the conclusion of the latter series,the ranking continued with the Outlines of Ascomycota in 2007 and 2010 and more recently with specific classes in‘Towards an outline of Sordariomycetes’and‘Families of Dothideomycetes’.Earlier classifications based on phenotype were certainly more subjective;however,remarkably many of these old arrangements have stood the test of *** recently,phylogenetic analyses have provided evidence towards a natural classification,resulting in significant changes in many *** classification arrangements however,are still subjective and dependent on the taxa analysed,resulting in different taxonomic interpretations and schemes,particularly when it comes to ***,what have been considered as genera by some,have been introduced as families by *** recently,estimation of divergence times using molecular clock methods have been used as objective evidence for higher ranking of taxa.A divergence period(i.e.200–300 MYA)can be used as a criterion to infer when a group of related taxa evolved and what rank they should be *** compiled data on divergence times for various higher ranking taxa in the Kingdom *** kingdom evolved 1000–1600 MYA(Stenian–Calymmian),while the presently accepted phyla evolved between 358 and 541 MYA(Devonian–Cambrian).Divergence times for subphyla are generally between 358 and 485 MYA(Devonian–Ordovician),those of classes 145–358 MYA(Jurassic–Carboniferous),subclasses 66–358 MYA(Cretaceous–Carboniferous),orders 23–252 MYA(Paleogene–Triassic),families 2.8–145 MYA(Neogene–Cretaceous),and genera 2.8–66 MYA(Neogene–Paleogene).Thus,there are wide discrepancies in the times diffe

关键词： Classification Evolution Ranking Temporal banding Sordariomycetes

Artesunate inhibits growth and induces apoptosis in human osteosarcoma HOS cell line in vitro and in vivo

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2012年第12期13卷 1030-1030页

作者： Qiang XU,zhao-xu LI,Hui-qin PENG,Zheng-wang SUN,rui-lin CHENG,zhao-ming YE,Wei-xu LI

This paper aims to investigate the effects of artesunate (ART) on growth and apoptosis in human osteosarcoma HOS cell line in vitro and in vivo and to explore the possible underlying *** viability was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) *** induction of apoptosis was detected by light and transmission electron microscopy and flow *** blot analysis was used to investigate the related *** mice were further employed to investigate the antitumour activity of ART in *** assay results demonstrated that ART selectively inhibits the growth of HOS cells in a dose-and time-dependent *** on the findings of light and transmission electron microscopy,Hoechst 33258 staining,and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-annexin V staining,the cytotoxicity of ART in HOS cells occurs through *** ART treatment,cytosolic cytochrome c was increased,Bax expression was gradually upregulated,Bcl-2 expression was downregulated,and caspase-9 and caspase-3 were ***,the intrinsic apoptotic pathway may be involved in ART-induced *** cycle analysis by flow cytometry indicated that ART may induce cell cycle arrest at G 2 /M *** nude mice bearing HOS xenograft tumours,ART inhibited tumour growth and regulated the expressions of cleaved caspase-3 and survivin,in agreement with in vitro *** has a selective antitumour activity against human osteosarcoma HOS cells,which may be related to its effects on induction of apoptosis via the intrinsic *** results suggest that ART is a promising candidate for the treatment of osteosarcoma.

关键词：生长抑制青蒿琥酯细胞系骨肉瘤诱导体内 caspase-3 体外