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Does empowering women benefit poverty reduction?Evidence from a multi-component program in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第4期20卷 1092-1106页

作者： gu rui NIE Feng-ying Agricultural Information Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081P.R.China

Ending poverty is a top priority of the international development agenda,and governments worldwide have attached great importance to poverty alleviation measures.However,poverty reduction policies have mostly focused on men,which has widened the gap in productivity and income between men and women and increased gender inequality.This paper aims to determine the impacts of a multi-component program on women's empowerment and poverty reduction,and explore the role empowered women play in poverty reduction.The dataset used in this study was collected in nine poor counties of Ulanqab City in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China at the end of 2014,yielding a sample of 900 households.Recall questions were used to reconstruct the baseline data and build a panel dataset.Smaller groups of rural households were further identified to better target the women in the beneficiary group.To control the selection bias,propensity score matching,inverse probability weighting,and the difference-in-differences matching method were used to analyze the effect of the program and undertake robust checks.The results show that the program has positive effects on women's empowerment and poverty reduction simultaneously.Empowering women also has positive effects on poverty reduction,and the women who were the beneficiaries have contributed to increasing the incomes and living standards of households.Training,microfinance,and associations are common means or strategies to empower women to address poverty.This paper provides new empirical evidence that women can benefit from a gender-focus program through portfolio intervention such as training,cooperatives,and credit.Empowered women further improve the livelihoods of poor households and help lift them out of poverty.The results suggest that researchers and policymakers need to pay more attention to poverty issues from the perspective of gender.

关键词： women empowerment poverty reduction Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

A Luminescent Metal-Organic Framework with LON Topology for Highly Effective Fluorescence Sensing of Fe^(3+) and TNP

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2023年第2期39卷 305-309页

作者： gu Yu LIN rui LUO Xiaolong LIU Yunling Advanced Institute of Materials Science School of Chemistry and Life ScienceChangchun University of TechnologyChangchun130012P.R.China State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis&Preparative Chemistry Jilin UniversityChangchun130012P.R.China

A luminescent Ag-based metal-organic framework(compound 1)has been synthesized and its structure has been characterized.Compound 1 was fabricated using the Ag+and bbimb2−ligands and manifestes a rare LON topology.Compound 1 is selective not only in detecting traces of Fe^(3+)and 2,4,6-trinitrophenol(TNP)via luminescence quenching,but also demonstrates high selectivity in the presence of other competitors.Compound 1’s K sv values towards Fe^(3+)can reach as high as 9.3×l0^(3) L/mol,which is higher than those of several other MOF materials.It is also a recyclable luminous sensor with the potential to be utilized for detecting TNP.Hence,based on its characteristics,compound 1 can be regarded as a prospective luminescence sensor for detecting Fe^(3+)and TNP.

关键词： Metal-organic framework Fluorescence quenching Fe^(3+) 2,4,6-Trinitrophenol(TNP)

Layer-by-Layer Grafting Dye on Chiral MOF Thin Films for Circularly Polarized Luminescence

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2022年第9期41卷 74-79页

作者： rui Zhai Yindi Zhu Limei Chang Zhigang gu Jian Zhang State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujan Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China College of Chemistry and Materials Science Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350007China Fujian Science&Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou 350108China

Metal-organic frameworks with chiral feature(chirMOFs) are attracting great attention on circularly polarized luminescence(CPL). However, developing new efficient strategy to achieve or improve CPL properties is an urgent task. Herein, new chiral MOF thin films prepared by liquid-phase epitaxial layer by layer(lbl) growth method(SURchirMOF) are composed of D-or L-camphorate(D/Lcam) and aminopyrazine(Pr-NH)by using liquid phase epitaxial layer by layer(lbl) method. The resulted Zn(D/Lcam)PrNHSURchirMOF shows strong chirality and luminescence but weak CPL emission at 390 nm. After lbl modifying a dye molecule FluoresceinIsothiocyanate(FITC), the chiroptical Zn(D/Lcam)Pr-NH-FITC SURchirMOFs with ~7 times CPL signal improvement and ~3 times glum value amplification are obtained. This work provides a new strategy to develop chiral MOF thin films for CPL improvement using lbl grafting approach.

关键词： metal-organic frameworks liquid-phase epitaxy thin film circularly polarized luminescence

A natural manganese ore as a heterogeneous catalyst to effectively activate peroxymonosulfate to oxidize organic pollutants

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2022年第11期33卷 4792-4797页

作者： Jinchuan gu Ping Yin Yi Chen Honglin Zhu rui Wang School of Food and Bioengineering Civil Engineering and Architecture and EnvironmentEmergency ScienceXihua UniversityChengdu 610039China Sichuan Rongxinkai Engineering Design Co. Ltd.Chengdu 610039China Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 611756China

Heterogeneous transition metal catalysts are indispensable in improving environmental pollution.However,their fabrication is often costly and cumbersome,and they can easily pollute the environment.This study proposed using a natural Gabonese ore(GBO)containing Mn_(x)O_(y) and FexOy as catalysts to degrade orange Ⅱ(OII)via peroxymonosulfate(PMS)activation.The GBO+PMS system exhibited extraordinarily high stability and catalytic activity towards OII elimination(92.2%,0.0453 min^(−1)).The reactive oxygen species(ROS)generated in the system were identified using radical scavenging tests and electron spin-resonance(ESR)analysis.Singlet oxygen(^(1)O_(2))represented the dominant reactive species for OII degradation,while the system presented a lower reaction energy barrier and was effective in a broad pH range(2-10).This work also proposed the activation mechanism for the GBO+PMS system and OII degradation pathways.This study revealed a new approach for exploring inexpensive,eco-friendly,efficient,and stable heterogeneous transition metal catalysts.

关键词： Transition metal Heterogeneous catalyst Natural ore OrangeⅡ Peroxymonosulfate

The Solutions of the Coupled Einstein-Maxwell Equations and Dilaton Equations

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2018年第3期34卷 485-492页

作者： rui-feng ZHANG Ya gu Institute of Contemporary Mathematics Henan University Kaifeng 475004 China School of Mathematics and Statistics Henan University Kaifeng 475004 China

In this paper, we consider extremely charged static perfect fluid distributions with a dilaton field in the framework of general relativity. By using calculus of variations, we establish the existence theorem for the solutions of this important gravitational system. We show that there is a continuous family of smooth solutions realizing asymptotically flat space metrics.

关键词： nonlinear elliptic equations the variational method the asymptotic estimates.

Biomineralized CO gas-releasing nanoprodrug for endoplasmic reticulum stress mediated cancer therapy

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Nano Research 2023年第5期16卷 7373-7382页

作者： Rui Gu Wanlan Yang Lifei Han Chao Liu Yatao Xu Yunlong Liu Weili Si Wenjun Wang Xiaochen Dong Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics(KLOFE)&Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM) Nanjing Tech University(NanjingTech)Nanjing 211816China School of Physical Science and Information Technology Liaocheng UniversityLiaocheng 252059China Breast Disease Center.Zhongda Hospital School of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210009China School of Chemistry&Materials Science Jiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou 221116China

The anti-tumor effect of therapeutic carbon monoxide(CO)has been considered concerning the electron transport chain on the inner mitochondrial membrane.Herein,a tumor microenvironment and photo-responsive CO nanoplatform Ca-Flav nanoparticles(NPs)were constructed through biomineralizing acryloyl-modified flavonol,which could release CO both in normoxia and hypoxia conditions upon irradiation at tumor lesion.The in vitro experiments demonstrated that the endoplasmic reticulum stress-related signal pathways could be activated through oxidative stress caused by CO mediated mitochondrial biogenesis and calcium ion turbulence induced by Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)acidolysis,resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction and cell apoptosis.In addition,the Ca-Flav NPs exhibited excellent biocompatibility and tumor inhibition effect in vivo.This work provides new insight into the potential characteristics of CO,paving a new way to engineer more efficient treatment based on CO.

关键词： carbon monoxide gas therapy mitochondrial endoplasmic reticulum

Diurnal variability of the planetary boundary layer height estimated from radiosonde data

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2020年第5期4卷 479-492页

作者： Jie gu YeHui Zhang Na Yang rui Wang School of Hydrology and Water Resources Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China State Oceanic Administration Key Laboratory for Polar Science Polar Research Institute of ChinaShanghai 200136China

Diurnal variations in the planetary boundary layer height(PBLH)at different latitudes over different surface characteristics are described,based on 45 years(1973−2017)of radiosonde observations.The PBLH is determined from the radiosonde data by the bulk Richardson number(BRN)method and verified by the parcel method and the potential temperature gradient method.In general,the BRN method is able to represent the height of the convective boundary layer(BL)and neutral residual layer cases but has relatively large uncertainty in the stable BL cases.The diurnal cycle of the PBLH over land is quite different from the cycle over ocean,as are their seasonal variations.For stations over land,the PBLH shows an apparent diurnal cycle,with a distinct maximum around 15:00 LT,and seasonal variation,with higher values in summer.Compared with the PBLH over land,over oceans the PBLH diurnal cycles are quite mild,the PBLHs are much lower,and the seasonal changes are less pronounced.The seasonal variations in the median PBLH diurnal cycle are positively correlated with the near-surface temperature and negatively correlated with the near-surface relative humidity.Finally,although at most latitudes the daytime PBLH exhibits,over these 45 years,a statistically significant increasing trend at most hours between 12:00 LT and 18:00 LT over both land and ocean,there is no significant trend over either land or ocean in the nighttime PBLH for almost all the studied latitudes.

关键词： planetary boundary layer height diurnal cycle radiosonde

Enhanced electrochemical performance of Li_(1.3)Al_(0.3)Ti_(1.7)(PO_(4))_(3) solid electrolyte by anion doping

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1465-1472页

作者： Jingrui Kang Xu guo Rui Gu Honglei Hao Yi Tang Jiahui Wang Li Jin Hongfei Li Xiaoyong Wei Electronic Materials Research Laboratory Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education&International Center for Dielectric ResearchSchool of Electronic and Information EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China School of Energy and Materials Shanghai Key Laboratory of Engineering Materials Application and EvaluationShanghai Polytechnic UniversityShanghai 201209China

Nowadays,the majority of the studies on the substitution are focused on cations(such as Y^(3+),Ti^(4+),P^(5+),etc.)in Li_(1.3)Al_(0.3)Ti_(1.7)(PO_(4))_(3)(LATP),while there are few studies on the substitution of anion O^(2-).In this work,the modified LATP with a series of LiCl(LATPClx,x=0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4)additives is prepared to enhance ionic conductivity.The successful introduction of Cl-makes the length of the c axis decrease from 20.822(2)to 20.792(1)Å,and the bulk conductivity of 2.13×10^(-3) S·cm^(-1) is achieved in LATPCl_(0.3).Moreover,the Al/Ti-O1/Cl1 and Al/Ti-O_(2)/Cl_(2) distance decrease,while the Li1-O_(2)/Cl_(2) distance increases.Lithium ions migrate more easily in the nanochannel of M3-M1-M3.In addition,the LiCl additive increases the relative density and the grain boundary conductivity of LATPClx compounds.Naturally,a higher ionic conductivity of 2.12×10^(–4) S·cm^(-1) and a low activation energy of 0.30 eV are obtained in LATPCl_(0.3).Correspondingly,the symmetric cell exhibits a low overpotential of±50 mV for over 200 h in LATPCl_(0.3).The solid-state Li|LATPCl_(0.3)|NCM811(NCM811=LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O_(2))battery exhibits high initial capacity 185.1 mAh·g^(-1) with a capacity retention rate of 95.4%after 100 cycles at 0.5 C.This result suggests that LiCl additive is an effective strategy to promote electrochemical properties of LATP solid electrolyte and can be considered for reference to other inorganic solid electrolytes systems.

关键词： Li_(1.3)Al_(0.3)Ti_(1.7)(PO_(4))_(3)(LATP)solid electrolyte anion doping ionic conductivity cyclic performance

Observation of 1D Fermi arc states in Weyl semimetal TaAs

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National Science Review 2022年第8期9卷 62-70页

作者： Xiaohu Zheng Qiangqiang gu Yiyuan Liu Bingbing Tong Jian-Feng Zhang Chi Zhang Shuang Jia Ji Feng rui-rui Du International Center for Quantum Materials School of PhysicsPeking University Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of Sciences CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences

Fermi arcs on Weyl semimetals exhibit many exotic quantum phenomena. Usually found on atomically flat surfaces with approximate translation symmetry, Fermi arcs are rooted in the peculiar topology of bulk Bloch bands of 3D crystals. The fundamental question of whether a 1D Fermi arc can be probed remains unanswered. Such an answer could significantly broaden potential applications of Weyl semimetals. Here,we report a direct observation of robust edge states on atomic-scale ledges in TaAs using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy. Spectroscopic signatures and theoretical calculations reveal that the 1D Fermi arcs arise from the chiral Weyl points of bulk crystals. The crossover from 2D Fermi arcs to eventual complete localization on 1D edges was arrested experimentally on a sequence of surfaces. Our results demonstrate extreme robustness of the bulk-boundary correspondence, which offers topological protection for Fermi arcs, even in cases in which the boundaries are at the atomic-scale. The persistent 1D Fermi arcs can be profitably exploited in miniaturized quantum devices.

关键词： Weyl semimetals Fermi arc edge states chiral Weyl points TaAs scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy