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30th International Symposium on Capillary Chromatography、4th GC×GC Symposium、16th National Symposium and Exhibition on Chromatography,i.e. 1st Dalian International Symposium and Exhibition on Chromatography

作者： Uboh,CE. Soma,LR. rudy,j. PA Equine Toxicology & Research Center 220 East Rosedale Ave West ChesterPA 19382 and University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine.New Bolton Center Campus382 West Street RoadKennett SquarePA 19348

Opiates are widely used in the management of pain and thus,can be abused leading to drug *** use in the management of pain has also lead to abuse in an attempt to allow the athlete,whether human or horse, to compete despite unsuitable physical conditions.A horse competing under these conditions is especially dangerous for the equine athlete and the j.ckey or driver.A horse tumbling to the ground while running in excess of 35 mph can be devastating to both the horse and human *** most troubling part is that these agents have been illegally administered to horses to alter their *** deter such illegal use of opiates in racehorses,sensitive methods for screening and confirmation of these agents are essential.A method to address this need is the use of capillary electrophoresis(CE)coupled with tandem mass spectrometry(MS). The advantages of this method are accuracy,high efficiency,sensitivity,selectivity,small sample size and high resolution ***(MOR),codeine(COD),dihydrocodeine(DHC),norcodeine(NCOD),normorphine (NMOR),dihydromorphine(DMOR),diacetylmorphine(DHM),ethylmorphine(EMOR),6-monoacetylmor- phine(6-MAM)and hordenine(HOR)were selected as the target *** were recovered from plasma by liquid-liquid extraction(LLE).To 1.0 mL sample,equal volume of 0.1M borate buffer(pH 10)and 5.0 mL dichloromethane(DCM)were added and mixed for 3 min before centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 15min. The organic layer was transferred into a glass tube,added 2 drops of 2 M acetic acid in ethyl acetate and evaporated to dryness at 45℃ under *** residue was reconstituted in 50 L 20 mM ammonium acetate and 20 mM acetic *** was performed on a PACE/MDQ integrated with a Finnigan LCQDuo tandem mass spectrometer using a Polymicron bare fused-silica capillary(80 cm×50 m,i.d.)of which 15-20 mm portion of the polyimide coating was removed from the outlet end of the capillary to help maintain a stable *** buf

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Long-term monitoring of cycles in Clethrionomys rutilus in the Yukon boreal forest

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 27-36页

作者： Charles j.KREBS Alice j.KENNEY B.Scott GILBERT rudy BOONSTRA Department of Zoology University of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada Renewable Resources Management Program Yukon UniversityWhitehorseYukonCanada Department of Biological Sciences University of Toronto ScarboroughTorontoOntarioCanada

Baseline studies of small rodent populations in undisturbed ecosystems are *** report here 50 years of mon-itoring and experimentation in Yukon of a dominant rodent species in the North American boreal forest,the red-backed vole Clethrionomys *** voles breed in summer,weigh 20–25 g,and reach a maximum density of 20 to 25 per *** populations have shown consistent 3–4-year cycles for the last 50 years with the only change being that peak densities averaged 8/ha until 2000 and 18/ha since that *** the last 25 years,we have measured food resources,predator numbers,and winter weather,and for 1-year social interactions,to estimate their contribution to changes in the rate of summer increase and the rate of overwinter *** these potential limiting factors could contribute to changes in density,and we measured their relative contributions statistically with multiple *** rate of winter decline in density was related to both food supply and winter *** rate of summer increase was related to summer berry crops and white spruce cone *** measure of predator numbers was related to winter or summer changes in vole *** was a large signal of climate change effects in these *** is no density dependence in summer population growth and only a weak one in winter population *** of our results provide a clear understanding of what generates 3–4-year cycles in these voles,and the maj.r missing piece may be an understanding of social interactions at high density.

关键词： boreal forest climate change density dependence population cycles predation winter severity

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Sex-specifc seasonal variations of wild boar distance traveled and home range size

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Current Zoology 2024年第3期70卷 284-290页

作者： Silvia Cavazza rudy Brogi Marco Apollonio Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Sassarivia Vienna 2I-07100 SassariItaly

Distance traveled and home range size describe how animals move in *** seasonal variations of these parameters are important to comprehensively understand animal ecology and its connection with reproductive behavior and energy *** usually estimate the distance traveled as the sum of the straight-line displacements between sampled positions,but this approach is sensitive to the sampling frequency and does not account for the tortuosity of the animal’s *** means of the continuous-time movement modeling which takes into account autocorrelation and tortuosity of movement data,we estimated the distance traveled and monthly home range size of 28 wild boar Sus scrofa and modeled their inter-sexual seasonal *** traveled longer distances and used larger home ranges than females,particularly during the rut in autumn-winter,consistently with the different biological cycles of males and *** enlarged their home ranges during the rut but traveled constant average distances along the year,whereas females traveled shorter distances in correspondence with the peak of food resources and birth periods but exhibited constant home range size across *** differences between the seasonal variation patterns of distance traveled and home range size,observed in both sexes,revealed the complex relationship between these two aspects of spatial behavior and the great opportunity of including both distance traveled and home range size in behavioral ecology *** provided a detailed analysis of wild boar spatial behavior and its relationships with the reproductive cycles of males and females,promoting a deeper comprehension of their behavioral ecology.

关键词： continuous-time ctmm daily range movements spatial behavior Sus scrofa

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Urbanization does not affect red foxes’interest in anthropogenic food,but increases their initial cautiousness

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Current Zoology 2024年第3期70卷 394-405页

作者： Martina Lazzaroni rudy Brogi Valentina Napolitano Marco Apollonio Friederike Range Sarah Marshall-Pescini Domestication Laboratory Konrad Lorenz Institute of EthologyUniversity of Veterinary MedicineVienna A-1160Austria Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Sassarivia Vienna 2I-07100 SassariItaly

Human presence and activities have profoundly altered animals’habitats,exposing them to greater risks but also providing new opportunities and *** animals’capacity to effectively navigate and strike a balance between risks and benefts is crucial for their survival in the Anthropocene *** foxes(Vulpes vulpes),adept urban dwellers,exhibit behavioral plasticity in human-altered *** investigated variations in detection frequency on trail cameras and the behavioral responses(explorative,bold,and fearful)of wild red foxes living along an urbanization gradient when exposed to a metal bin initially presented clean and then flled with anthropogenic *** fox populations displayed an increased interest and similar explorative behavioral responses toward the anthropogenic food source,irrespective of the urbanization *** no impact on explorative behaviors,foxes in more urbanized areas initially showed heightened fear toward the empty bin,indicating increased apprehension toward novel ***,this fear diminished over time,and in the presence of food,urban foxes displayed slightly reduced fear compared with their less urban *** results highlight foxes’potential for adaptability to human landscapes,additionally underscoring the nuanced interplay of fear and explorative behavioral response of populations living along the urbanization gradient.

关键词： anthropization bold explorative fearful human footprint Vulpes vulpes

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A lead role for a“secondary”axonal inj.ry response

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 469-470页

作者： Melissa A.rudy Trent A.Watkins Division of Neuroimmunology and Glial Biology Department of NeurologyUniversity of California at San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA Development Disease Modelsand Therapeutics Graduate ProgramBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA

Stress signaling following axon inj.ry stimulates a transcriptional program for regeneration that might be exploited to promote central nervous system ***,this stress response drives neuronal apoptosis in non-regenerative *** duality presents a quandary for the development of therapeutic interventions:manipulating stress signaling to enhance recovery of damaged neurons risks accelerating neurodegeneration or restricting regenerative *** dichotomy is well illustrated by the fates of retinal ganglion cells(RGCs)following optic nerve *** this central nervous system inj.ry model,disruption of a stress-activated MAP kinase(MAPK)cascade blocks the extensive apoptosis of RGCs that occurs in wild-type mice(Watkins et al.,2013;Welsbie et al.,2017).

关键词： inj.ry axonal stress

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Insights from an academic endeavor into central nervous system drug discovery

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1717-1718页

作者： Lieve van Veggel An M.Voets Tim Vanmierlo rudy Schreiber BIOMED Biomedical Research Institute Faculty of Medicine and Life SciencesHasselt UniversityHasseltBelgium Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology Division of Translational NeuroscienceEuropean Graduate School of NeuroscienceSchool for Mental Health and NeuroscienceMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands Section of Psychopharmacology Neuropsychology and PsychopharmacologyFaculty of Psychology and NeuroscienceMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands University MS Center(UMSC) Hasselt-PeltBelgium

Historically,"big pharma"did most central nervous system drug discovery R&D ***,in modern times their"management reductionism"resulted in disappointing pipelines and pharma resided to(late)development,regulatory approval,and marketing(Thong,2015).This had significant consequences for financing and executing research,resulting in a larger role for funding by governments and patient-organizations and a shift of research to academia(Mazzucato,2013).

关键词： academic approval consequences

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Validity and reliability of Sarcopenia Quality of Life® Indonesia questionnaire in sarcopenic patients

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Rheumatology & Autoimmunity 2024年第1期4卷 47-56页

作者： Anna Ariane Purwita W.Laksmi Siti Setiati rudy Hidayat Suryo Anggoro Kusumo-Wibowo Sumariyono Fadhli Mahri Caroline Tanadi Charlotte Beaudart Internal Medicine Department Rheumatology DivisionFaculty of Medicine Universitas IndonesiaDr.Cipto Mangunkusumo HospitalJakartaIndonesia Internal Medicine Department Geriatric DivisionFaculty of Medicine Universitas IndonesiaDr.Cipto Mangunkusumo HospitalJakartaIndonesia Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia JakartaIndonesia St.Carolus Hospital JakartaIndonesia Department of Biomedical Sciences Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences(NARILIS)Faculty of MedicineUniversity of NamurNamurBelgium

Background:Sarcopenia significantly impairs quality of life(QoL).The Sarcopenia Quality of Life®(SarQol®)questionnaire provides a sarcopenia-specific instrument for the assessment of *** aim of this study was to cross-culturally adapt the SarQol®to an Indonesian language questionnaire and to confirm its validity and reliability as a tool to measure QoL in Indonesian-speaking elderly patients with ***:This cross-sectional study translated and cross-culturally adapted the SarQol®questionnaire,followed by evaluating the psychometric properties of the final cross-culturally adapted SarQol®Indonesia ***:Fifty-nine elderly Indonesian subj.cts(29 sarcopenic and 30 nonsarcopenic)with a mean age of 72.2±6.3 years were included in this ***®Indonesia questionnaire overall provides a good discriminative value[60.61±14.34 vs.73.60±13.17,p=0.001],good internal consistency(Cronbach'sαcoefficient=0.896 and McDonald'sωcoefficient=0.906,both with good correlation to the questionnaire individual domains),acceptable construct validity,and good test-retest reliability(intraclass correlation coefficient:0.962[95%confidence interval:0.883-0.987]).Conclusions:The SarQol®Indonesia questionnaire provides a conceptual and literally equivalent questionnaire content to its original source with good discriminative value,good internal consistency,acceptable construct validity,and good test-retest *** SarQol®Indonesia questionnaire is ready to be used to measure QoL in Indonesian elderly sarcopenic individuals.

关键词： cross-cultural adaptation quality of life Sarcopenia SarQol validation

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Brain Inj.ry Biomechanics and Abusive Head Trauma

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j.urnal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2018年第2期4卷 91-100页

作者： rudy j.Castellani Carl j.Schmidt Center for Neuropathology Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of MedicineKalamazoo Department of Pathology University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA Department of Pathology University of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan

Contemporary biomechanical theory of traumatic brain inj.ry has its foundation in Holbourn’s thesis on shear strain and Ommaya’s primate experimentation demonstrating the role of rotation in a variety of lesions including subdural hematoma(SDH)and diffuse axonal *** human observations have since confirmed,for the most part,the early *** concerns regarding primate research,however,have prompted in vitro models,which in turn has led to challenges with respect to the correlation between in vitro observations and the clinical *** these challenges,medicolegal proceedings may call upon biomechanical engineers to reconstruct complex inj.ry scenarios and offer opinions on the scientific plausibility of clinical disease states,such as SDH,hemorrhagic retinopathy,and cerebral edema,associated with hypothetical or proffered action sequences during the course of an unwitnessed *** is important to note,however,that in vitro models by their nature are low‑evidence quality studies that attempt to advance hypotheses but do not address cause and *** a whole,biomechanical models,as they pertain specifically to the brain and spine,are mathematically ***,endpoints of limited relevance are relied upon(e.g.,skull fracture thresholds),which predictably overestimate the in vivo risk of significant *** the increasing role of biomechanical engineering in the interpretation of fatal pediatric head trauma,a heightened awareness of the limitations warranted.

关键词： Abusive head trauma biomechanics brain inj.ry impact subdural hematoma

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Impact of climate change on the small mammal community of the Yukon boreal forest

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Integrative Zoology 2019年第6期14卷 528-541页

作者： Charles j.KREBS rudy BOONSTRA BScott GILBERT Alice j.KENNEY Stan BOUTIN Department of Zoology University of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada Department of Biological Sciences University of Toronto ScarboroughTorontoOntarioCanada Renewable Resources Management Program Yukon CollegeWhitehorseYukonCanada Department of Biological Sciences University of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada

Long-term monitoring is critical to determine the stability and sustainability of wildlife populations,and if change has occurred,*** have followed population density changes in the small mammal community in the boreal forest of the southern Yukon for 46 years with density estimates by live trapping on 3-5 unmanipulated grids in spring and *** community consists of 10 species and was responsible for 9%of the energy flow in the herbivore component of this ecosystem from 1986 to 1996,but this increased to 38%from 2003 to *** mammals,although small in size,are large in the transfer of energy from plants to predators and *** species form the bulk of the *** was a shift in the dominant species from the 1970s to the 2000s,with Myodes rutilus increasing in relative abundance by 22%and Peromyscus maniculatus decreasing by 22%.From 2007 to 2018,Myodes comprised 63%of the catch,Peromyscus 20%,and Microtus species 17%.Possible causes of these changes involve climate change,which is increasing primary production in this boreal forest,and an associated increase in the abundance of 3 rodent predators,marten(Martes americana),ermine(Mustela ermine)and coyotes(Canis latrans).Following and understanding these and potential future changes will require long-term monitoring studies on a large scale to measure metapopulation *** small mammal community in northern Canada is being affected by climate change and cannot remain sta*** will be critically dependent on food-web interactions that are species-specific.

关键词： community change long-term study population cycles trophic dynamics voles

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Cooperative Multi-Agent Control for Autonomous Ship Towing Under Environmental Disturbances

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IEEE/CAA j.urnal of Automatica Sinica 2021年第8期8卷 1365-1379页

作者： Zhe Du rudy R.Negenborn Vasso Reppa Department of Maritime and Transport Technology Delft University of Technology2628 CDDelftThe Netherlands

Among the promising application of autonomous surface vessels(ASVs)is the utilization of multiple autonomous tugs for manipulating a floating obj.ct such as an oil platform,a broken ship,or a ship in port *** the real conditions and operations of maritime practice,this paper proposes a multi-agent control algorithm to manipulate a ship to a desired position with a desired heading and velocity under the environmental *** control architecture consists of a supervisory controller in the higher layer and tug controllers in the lower *** supervisory controller allocates the towing forces and angles between the tugs and the ship by minimizing the error in the position and velocity of the *** weight coefficients in the cost function are designed to be adaptive to guarantee that the towing system functions well under environmental disturbances,and to enhance the efficiency of the towing *** tug controller provides the forces to tow the ship and tracks the reference traj.ctory that is computed online based on the towing angles calculated by the supervisory *** results show that the proposed algorithm can make the two autonomous tugs cooperatively tow a ship to a desired position with a desired heading and velocity under the(even harsh)environmental disturbances.

关键词： Cooperative control environmental disturbances multiple autonomous vessels robust control ship towing

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