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Evaluation of host resistance and fungicide application as tools for the management of root rot of field pea caused by Aphanomyces euteiches

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The Crop Journal 2019年第1期7卷 38-48页

作者： Longfei Wu Kan-Fa Chang Sheau-Fang Hwang Robert Conner rudolph fredua-agyeman David Feindel Stephen E.Strelkov Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science University of Alberta Crop Diversification Centre North Alberta Agriculture and Forestry Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Morden Research and Development Centre

Aphanomyces root rot(ARR) of field pea(Pisum sativum), caused by Aphanomyces euteiches, can cause severe root damage, wilting, and large yield losses under wet soil conditions. To identify ways to manage this disease, the effect of A. euteiches inoculum density on field pea was studied under greenhouse and field conditions in 2015 and 2016. Increases in inoculum density reduced seedling emergence, root nodulation, and plant vigor, and resulted in increased root rot severity in both field and greenhouse tests. Seed treatments with the fungicides Apron Advance(thiabendazole + fludioxonil + metalaxyl) + Vibrance(difenoconazole + metalaxylM + sedaxane), INTEGO Solo(ethaboxam), BAS 516F(boscalid + pyraclostrobin), BAS 720F(metalaxyl + pyraclostrobin + fluxapyroxad), and BAS 516F + BAS 720F(3:1) were evaluated for their efficacy against ARR. All seed treatments except Apron Advance + Vibrance reduced root rot severity under controlled conditions. BAS 516F, BAS 720F and INTEGO Solo improved plant vigor and all treatments reduced seedling blight to varying degrees under greenhouse conditions, but not in the field. A collection of 22 pea genotypes was evaluated for resistance to root rot in field plot experiments. Line 00–2067 showed the least severe root rot symptoms,whereas ‘Spring D' showed the lowest reduction in yield. The results suggest that there may be an opportunity to combine partial host resistance and fungicidal seed treatments to adequately manage ARR of field pea.

关键词： Aphanomyces euteiches Field pea Fungicides Inoculum density Resistance

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Aphanomyces euteiches： A Threat to Canadian Field Pea Production

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Engineering 2018年第4期4卷 542-551页

作者： Longfei Wu Kan-Fa Chang Robert L. Conner Stephen Strelkov rudolph fredua-agyeman Sheau-Fang Hwang David Feindel Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science University of Alberta Edmonton AB T6G 2P5 Canada Crop Diversification Center North Alberta Agriculture and Forestry Edmonton AB TSY 6H3 Canada Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Morden Research and Development Centre Morden MB R6M 1Y5 Canada

Field pea （Pisum sativum var. arvense L.） is an important legume crop around the world. It produces grains with high protein content and can improve the amount of available nitrogen in the soil. Aphanomyces root rot （ARR）, caused by the soil-borne oomycete Aphanomyces euteiches Drechs. （A. euteiches）, is a major threat to pea production in many pea-growing regions including Canada; it can cause severe root damage, wilting, and considerable yield losses under wet soil conditions. Traditional disease management strategies, such as crop rotations and seed treatments, cannot fully prevent ARR under conditions conducive for the disease, due to the longevity of the pathogen oospores, which can infect field pea plants at any growth stage. The development of pea cultivars with partial resistance or tolerance to ARR may be a promising approach to analyze the variability and physiologic specialization ofA. euteiches in field pea and to improve the management of this disease. As such, the detection of quantitative trait loci （QTL） for resistance is essential to field pea-breeding programs. In this paper, the pathogenic characteristics of A. euteiches are reviewed along with various ARR management strategies and the QTL associated with partial resistance to ARR.

关键词： Field pea Aphanomyces euteiches Root rot Pathogenicity variability Quantitative trait loci

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Recycled graphite for more sustainable lithium-ion batteries

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Carbon Energy 2024年第5期6卷 15-24页

作者： Mayokun Olutogun Anna Vanderbruggen Christoph Frey Martin rudolph Dominic Bresser Stefano Passerini Helmholtz Institute Ulm(HIU) Ulm Germany Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT) KarlsruheGermany Helmholtz Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf(HZDR) Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology(HIF)FreibergGermany ProGraphite GmbH UntergriesbachGermany Chemistry Department Sapienza University of RomeRomeItaly

The demand for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)is driven largely by their use in electric vehicles,which is projected to increase dramatically in the *** great success,however,urgently calls for the efficient recycling of LIBs at the end of their ***,we describe a froth flotation-based process to recycle graphite—the predominant active material for the negative electrode—from spent LIBs and investigate its reuse in newly assembled *** has been found that the structure and morphology of the recycled graphite are essentially unchanged compared to pristine commercial anode-grade graphite,and despite some minor impurities from the recycling process,the recycled graphite provides a remarkable reversible specific capacity of more than 350 mAh g^(−1).Even more importantly,newly assembled graphite‖NMC532 cells show excellent cycling stability with a capacity retention of 80%after 1000 cycles,that is,comparable to the performance of reference full cells comprising pristine commercial graphite.

关键词： anode graphite lithium-ion battery recycling sustainability

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Therapeutic potential of exercise-hormone irisin in Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1555-1564页

作者： Eunhee Kim rudolph ETanzi Se Hoon Choi Genetics and Aging Research Unit MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolCharlestownMAUSA McCance Center for Brain Health Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMAUSA

Irisin is a myokine that is generated by cleavage of the membrane protein fibronectin type Ⅲ domain-containing protein 5(FNDC5) in response to physical exercise. Studies reveal that irisin/FNDC5 has neuroprotective functions against Alzheimer's disease, the most common form of dementia in the elderly, by improving cognitive function and reducing amyloid-β and tau pathologies as well as neuroinflammation in cell culture or animal models of Alzheimer's disease. Although current and ongoing studies on irisin/FNDC5 show promising results, further mechanistic studies are required to clarify its potential as a meaningful therapeutic target for alleviating Alzheimer's disease. We recently found that irisin treatment reduces amyloid-β pathology by increasing the activity/levels of amyloid-β-degrading enzyme neprilysin secreted from astrocytes. Herein, we present an overview of irisin/FNDC5's protective roles and mechanisms against Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease exercise fibronectin typeⅢdomain-containing protein 5(FNDC5) irisin

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Performance, Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Oxygenated Diesel in DI Engines: A Critical Review

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2024年第6期12卷 16-49页

作者： Joseph Lungu Lennox Siwale rudolph Joe Kashinga School of Engineering The Copperbelt University Riverside Campus Kitwe Zambia

The transition from non-renewable to renewable energy sources is a significant challenge of our time. In the fuel industry, oxygenated additives such as butanol are transforming conventional fuels into renewable biofuels. This technology has been utilized in reciprocating engines for decades. This paper reviews the viability of using an n-butanol blend as a short-term replacement for diesel by analyzing its physical and chemical properties, combustion, performance, and emission characteristics in compression ignition (CI) engines under various conditions, including variable load, speed, acceleration, and both stationary and transient cycles. N-Butanol exhibits higher viscosity, better lubricity, higher heating value, improved blend stability, enhanced cold-flow properties, and higher density. These factors influence spray formation, injection timing, atomization, and combustion characteristics. Its higher oxygen content improves the diffusion combustion stage and efficiency. Adding 5% and 10% n-butanol to diesel increases pressure and apparent heat release rate, slightly reduces temperature, and improves thermal efficiency, with mixed effects on CO and THC emissions and a notable decrease in particulate matter emissions. Fuel consumption increases, while the impact on NOx emissions varies. A 10% butanol blend is considered optimal for enhancing performance and reducing particulate emissions without significantly affecting NOx emissions. Blending up to 40% butanol with diesel does not require engine modifications or ECU recalibrations in engines calibrated for pure diesel. Due to its advantageous properties and performance, n-butanol is recommended as a superior alcohol-diesel blend than ethanol for short-term diesel replacement.

关键词： Diesel Engine Alcohol Additives N-Butanol Combustion and Properties

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Hepatitis E infection among Ghanaians:a systematic review

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 243-248页

作者： Richard Ofori-Asenso Akosua Adom agyeman Research Unit Health Policy ConsultP.O.Box WJ 537Weija-AccraGhana

Background:Hepatitis E virus(HEV)infection is considered to be of significant public health importance in many developing *** this review,we aim to summarise studies on HEV with the aim of providing a further understanding of the epidemiology of the disease in ***:A systematic review was conducted by following the recommendations outlined in the PRISMA *** on HEV infection among Ghanaians were identified by searching for articles(published up until 4th August 2016)in the PubMed,ISI Web of Science,African Journals Online,Google Scholar and the WHO African Index Medicus *** also searched the websites of the Ministry of Health and the Ghana Health Service to identify any related non-indexed *** of all retrieved studies were screened to identify additional ***:Ten studies involving a total of 2894 participants from six regions of Ghana were *** proportion of Ghanaians showing positive serological markers for HEV infection was within the range of 5.8-71.55%.In addition,0.7-45.9%tested positive for IgM antibodies while the proportion of Ghanaians testing positive for IgG antibodies was within the range of 0-45.3%.One study reporting a case fatality rate of 66.7%among pregnant women was *** information on HEV genotypes was ***:Although based on a limited number of studies,this review does highlight that there is a high level of HEV infection among *** measures including educational interventions as well as general improvements to sanitary and living conditions are needed to reduce the burden of the ***,further research regarding the contribution of the various HEV genotypes is urgently needed to fully understand the burden of this disease in Ghana.

关键词： Hepatitis E HEV Infectious diseases Viral hepatitis Systematic review Ghana

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Froth flotation of scheelite – A review

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2018年第3期28卷 373-384页

作者： Nathalie Kupka Martin rudolph Helmholtz Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf (HZDR) Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology (HIF)

Froth flotation of scheelite has regained new focus since the 2010s and research regarding floatability and reagents has made great progress over the years. The main objective was and remains the selective flotation of scheelite from other calcium-bearing minerals, in particular calcite, fluorite and apatite. Due to similar properties, most attempts have limited success or only specific application(linked to a type of ore or a location). This article aims at reviewing all general physical-chemical information on froth flotation of scheelite, including electrokinetic properties, influence of p H and already existing reagents as well as ones still under examination. It appears that chelating or mixed collectors and modified versions of sodium silicate and quebracho hold great promise for scheelite flotation, while the use of said depressants and/or promoters seems inevitable.

关键词： Scheelite Froth flotation Calcium-bearing minerals Selectivity challenges Promising reagents

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The Effect of Gender Role on Entrepreneurship Development in Ghana: the Role of Self-efficacy and Family Support

The Effect of Gender Role on Entrepreneurship Development in...

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作者： NANA AKUA agyeman 江苏大学

学位级别：硕士

创业是创造就业机会的渠道,在诸多发达国家和发展中国家都被认为是经济发展的基础。但是,创业领域的性别失衡问题依然存在。在商业中,男性和女性缺乏平等的承认和参与,对国家和社会都是一种损失。在不同的社会文化下,性别角色对创业发... 详细信息

创业是创造就业机会的渠道,在诸多发达国家和发展中国家都被认为是经济发展的基础。但是,创业领域的性别失衡问题依然存在。在商业中,男性和女性缺乏平等的承认和参与,对国家和社会都是一种损失。在不同的社会文化下,性别角色对创业发展有着不一样的影响。非洲文化背景下的创业者,他们的性别角色对创业发展的作用在还没有得到深入研究。并且,加纳创业领域女性数量的增加也引发了对性别角色对加纳创业发展的作用进行全面研究的需要。因此,本文研究了性别角色对加纳创业发展的影响,并分别探讨了自我效能和家庭支持的中介和调节作用。依靠定量、定性研究设计和方便抽样方法,本文设计了调查问卷并对加纳库马西市四个选定主要市场(Kejetia市场、Asafo市场、Oforikrom市场和Central市场)的创业者进行了问卷调查。在各创业团队负责人的帮助下,问卷通过门户网站和电子邮件进行发放。最终耗时9周完成了原始数据收集工作。共计回收有效问卷455份,其中女性和男性分别占220份和235份,符合本研究需要。使用社会科学统计软件包(SPSS 26)处理和分析数据。具体包括描述性分析、皮尔森相关分析、多元回归分析、中介效应检验、调节效应检验等。使用95%的置信区间,男性样本和女性样本的回归模型的判定系数R分别为0.637和0.530,表明本研究的模型拟合良好。研究揭示了三个主要发现:第一,性别角色与创业发展有着显著的正相关关系。其中,男性性别角色对创业发展的影响系数为0.431,略高于女性性别角色对创业发展的影响(0.212);第二,自我效能感在性别角色与创业发展之间起到显著中介作用;第三,家庭支持在性别角色对创业发展的影响中起着调节作用。本研究的结论有助于丰富社会认知理论(SCT)和Bird(1988)构建的创业模型。在SCT的环境和社会认知方面刻画了性别角色、创业者自我效能和家庭支持的作用,发展了Bird的基于社会、政治和经济的创业模型。本研究提倡在加纳将促进跨性别角色的创业发展作为一种职业,并呼吁家庭提供足够的支持,以确保创业者个体对创业发展的可持续贡献。创业型企业的管理机构应该努力培养创业者的能力,扩大其知识面,心理素质和技能。

关键词：性别角色创业发展自我效能家庭支持

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Osteoclast-like giant cell tumors of the pancreas and liver

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第48期12卷 7878-7883页

作者： Juergen Bauditz Birgit rudolph Wolfram Wermke Fourth Department of Medicine Charité University Hospital Berlin Ger-many Institute of Pathology Charité University Hospital Berlin Germany

Osteoclast-like giant cell tumors （OGCT） are rare abdominal tumors, which mainly occur in the pancreas. The neoplasms are composed of two distinct cell populations and frequently show an inhomogenous appearance with cystic structures. However, due to the rarity of these tumors, only very limited clinical data are available. Imaging features and sonographic appearance have hardly been characterized. Here we report on two cases of osteoclast-like giant cell tumors, one located within the pancreas, the other within the liver, in which OGCTs are extremely rare. Both patients were investigated by contrast sonography, which demonstrated a complex, partly cystic and strongly vascularized tumor within the head of the pancreas in the first patient and a large, hypervascularized neoplasm with calcifications within the liver in the second patient. The liver OGCT responded well to a combination of carboplatin, etoposide and paclitaxel. With a combination of surgical resection, radiofrequency ablation and chemotherapy, the patient＇s survival is currently more than 15 too, making him the longest survivor with an OGCT of the liver to date.

关键词： Osteoclast-like giant cell tumor Liver cancer Pancreatic cancer Contrast sonography

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狐狸界的“妲己” 赤狐近亲相残究竟为什么？

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环球人文地理 2024年第5期 74-81页

作者：鲨鲨张扬的小强滕洪亮 M.Leonard Photo Marcel rudolph-Gajda Kcapaldo mihiro＿wildlife Zyabich vladk213

因美丽而招致杀身之祸，为生存而近亲相残。狐狸界的妲己——赤狐，到底是祥瑞，还是祸水？从古至今，民间流传的神话传说、志怪传记都少不了狐狸们的身影。早在远古时期，华夏领袖大禹的妻子涂山九尾狐还是正面形象，可随后一个全然相...

因美丽而招致杀身之祸，为生存而近亲相残。狐狸界的妲己——赤狐，到底是祥瑞，还是祸水？从古至今，民间流传的神话传说、志怪传记都少不了狐狸们的身影。早在远古时期，华夏领袖大禹的妻子涂山九尾狐还是正面形象，可随后一个全然相反的狐狸形象诞生——妲己，她的知名度远远超过涂山氏，并在一定程度上定义了狐狸的妖媚概念。

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