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Shoot-level biomass allocation is affected by shoot type in Fagus sylvatica

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journal of Plant Ecology 2012年第4期5卷 422-428页

作者： Benjamín jarcuska ruben Milla Institute of Forest Ecology Slovak Academy of SciencesSturova 296053 ZvolenSlovakia Area de Biodiversidad y Conservacion Universidad Rey Juan Carlosc/Tulipan s/n.E-28933 Mostoles(Madrid)Spain

Aims The present study aims(i)to examine if recently reported interspecific shoot-level biomass allocational trade-offs,*** trade-offs between leaf mass(LM)and stem mass(SM)and between leaf size and leaf number,hold intraspecifically and(ii)to explore whether those scaling relationships are independent of shoot type(*** *** shoots).Methods In order to address our questions,we used Fagus sylvatica saplings growing under a broad light range that were sampled in theWestern carpathians Mountains(Slovakia).Important Findings We found that:(i)intraspecific shoot-level biomass allocational trade-offs differ from those reported interspecifically and that(ii)long and short shoots differ in biomass allocation scaling *** relationships with slopes statistically smaller than 1.0 or higher than-1.0,were found between SM and LM and between mean leafing intensity and individual leaf mass,respectively,in long *** contrast,isometric scaling was found in short *** suggests that leaf mass in short shoots is unaffected by shoot stem mass,in contrast to long *** shoots also had a larger fraction of biomass allocated to *** shoots,as has been observed in other shoot dimorphic species,are specialized,with short shoots specializing in carbon gain and long shoots in space acquisition.A greater shift in LM than in SM among species during speciation shifting from allometric intraspecific relationships to an isometric interspecific scaling relationship between those traits could explain the discrepancies between the outputs of the present intraspecific study and others similar *** study draws attention to the importance of considering shoot types in future studies dealing with allocation rules in species with dimorphic shoots.

关键词： biomass allocation dimorphic shoots leaf size stem size scaling relationships

Double-balloon enteroscopy-assisted dilatation avoids surgery for small bowel strictures: A systematic review

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第45期23卷 8073-8081页

作者： judith E Baars ruben Theyventhiran Patrick Aepli Payal Saxena Arthur j Kaffes AW Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Centre Royal Prince Alfred Hospital

AIM To evaluate the therapeutic role of double-balloon enteroscopy(DBE) in small bowel strictures and to propose a standard approach to small bowel *** Systematic review of studies involving DBE in patients with small bowel strictures. Only studies limited to small bowel strictures were included and those with ileo-colonic strictures were excluded. RESULTS In total 13 studies were included,in which 310 patients were dilated. The average follow-up time was 31.8 mo per patient. The complication rate was 4.8% per patient and 2.6% per dilatation. Surgery was avoided in 80% of patients. After the first dilatation,46% were treated with re-dilatation and only 17% required *** DBE-assisted dilatation avoids surgery in 80% of patients with small bowel strictures and is safe and effective. We propose a standardized approach to small bowel strictures.

关键词： Double-ballloon enteroscopy Dilatation Small bowel stricture Enteroscopy Crohn's disease Systematic review

Declining metabolic scaling parallels an ontogenetic change from elongate to deep-bodied shapes in juvenile Brown trout

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Current Zoology 2023年第3期69卷 294-303页

作者： jorge-ruben Sanchez-Gonzalez Alfredo G.Nicieza Department of Organisms andSystems Biology University of Oviedo33006O OviedoSpain Biodiversity Research Institute(IMIB) University of Oviedo-Principality of Asturias-CSIC33600 MieresSpain Department of Animal Science-Wildlife Section University of Lleida25006 LleidaSpain

Body shape and metabolic rate can be important determinants of animal performance,yet often their effects on influential traits are evaluated in a non-integrated *** creates an important gap because the integration between shape and metabolism may be crucial to evaluate metabolic scaling ***,we measured standard metabolic rate in 1-and 2-years old juvenile brown trout Salmo trutta,and used a geometric morphometrics approach to extricate the effects of ontogeny and size on the link between shape and metabolic *** evidenced near-isometric ontogenetic scaling of metabolic rate with size,but also a biphasic pattern driven by a significant change in metabolic scaling,from positive to negative ***,the change in metabolic allometry parallels an ontogenetic change from elongate to deep-bodied *** is consistent with the dynamic energy budget(DEB)and surface area(SA)theories,but not with the resource transport network theory which predicts increasing allometric exponents for trends towards more robust,three-dimensional *** addition,we found a relationship between body shape and size independent metabolic rate,with a positive correlation between robustness and metabolic rate,which fits well within the view of Pace-of-Life Syndromes(POLS).Finally,our results align with previous studies that question the universality of metabolic scaling exponents and propose other mechanistic models explaining the diversity of metabolic scaling relationships or emphasizing the potential contribution of ecological factors.

关键词： biphasic allometric scaling metabolic rate ontogenetic allometry shape surface-area trout

Expeditious management plan towards digital earth

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International journal of Digital Earth 2014年第8期7卷 635-649页

作者： Naveen Kumar Sidda Aneta j.Florczyk Francisco j.Lopez-Pellicer Dinesh Babu I.V ruben Bejar F.javier Zarazaga-Soria Department of Computer Science and System Engineering University of ZaragozaZaragozaSpain Department of Wood Science forestry and GeomaticsUniversity LavalSainte-FoyQCCanada

The breakthrough developments in geospatial technologies and the increasing availability of spatial data make geoinformation a business and a decisional element to the ***,it is important to have a management plan to factor in practical and feasible data sources,in building geo *** authors of this paper are motivated by the fact that right data sources could outclass in-house resources in various application *** paper outlines pragmatic cases for the tangible benefits of the existing potential data and expeditious patterns for digital *** work also proposes‘good-enough’solutions based on the pragmatic cases,available literature,and the 3D city model developed that could be sufficient in contriving the objectives of the common public usage and open business *** demonstrate this approach,the paper encapsulated the low-cost development of virtual 3D city model using publicly available cadastral data and web services.

关键词： spatial data sources geo management web services APIs cadastral data

Huge capacity spacial division multiplexing transmission and integrated optical switching technologies(Invited Paper)

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chinese Optics Letters 2016年第12期14卷 12-16页

作者： Naoya Wada Ben j.Puttnam ruben S.Luis Werner Klaus jun Sakaguchi jose M.D.Mendinueta Yoshinari Awaji Satoshi Shinada Hideaki Furukawa National Institute of Information and Communications Technology Tokyo 184-8795 Japan

We review the research and development of beyond Pb/s capacity space-division-multiplexed transmission technology using multi-core optical fibers for satisfying the ever-increasing traffic demand. Moreover, we present an optical packet and circuit integrated network technology to improve switching capacity and flexibility in network nodes for the rapid traffic fluctuation and the data service diversification.

关键词： switching multiplexing satisfying fluctuation traffic packet frames transmit throughput overhead

Microstructure, hardness evolution and thermal stability of binary Al-7Mg alloy processed by EcaP with intermediate annealing

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of china 2014年第7期24卷 2301-2306页

作者：查敏李彦军 Ragnvald MATHIESEN ruben BjRGE Hans j. ROVEN Department of Materials Science and Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology Department of Physics Norwegian University of Science and Technology Center for Advanced Materials Qatar University

A binary Al-7Mg alloy was processed by equal channel angular pressing （EcaP） at room temperature via route Bc, combined with intermediate annealing. After 6 passes, a high hardness of HV218 is achieved. Transmission electron microscopy （TEM） observations demonstrate that EcaP leads to a significant grain refinement and ultrafine grains down to 100-200 nm are developed after 5 or 6 passes. X-ray diffraction （XRD） analysis indicates that the major part of Mg atoms are in solid solution in the deformed material, and the possible strengthening effect of Mg solute atom clusters or precipitates is neglected. The high hardness of the 6 pass-treated materials comes mainly from grain boundary strengthening, which contributes about 41% to the total strength, while dislocations and Mg solid solution contribute about 24% and 35% to the remaining strength, respectively. Also, the thermal stability of this severely deformed material was investigated by hardness measurements. The material is relatively stable when annealed at a temperature lower than 250 ℃, while annealing at 300 ℃ leads to a rapid softening of the material.

关键词： Al-Mg alloys equal channel angular pressing (EcaP) as-deformed microstructure hardness evolution strengthening thermal stability

Single-center study comparing computed tomography colonography with conventional colonoscopy

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第3期14卷 469-473页

作者： Ian C Roberts-Thomson Graeme R Tucker Peter j Hewett Peter Cheung ruben A Sebben EE Win Khoo julie D Marker Wayne K Clapton Department of Gastroenterology The Queen Elizabeth Hospital South Australia Australia Department of Health South Australia Australia Department of Colorectal Surgery The Queen Elizabeth Hospital South Australia Australia Department of Radiology The Queen Elizabeth Hospital South Australia Australia

AIM:To compare the results from computed tomography (CT) colonography with conventional colonoscopy in symptomatic patients referred for colonoscopy. METHODS: The study included 227 adult outpatients, mean age 60 years, with appropriate indications for colonoscopy. CT colonography and colonoscopy were performed on the same day in a metropolitan teaching hospital. Colonoscopists were initially blinded to the results of CT colonography but there was segmental unblinding during the procedure. The primary outcome measures were the sensitivity and specificity of CT colonography for the identification of polyps seen at colonoscopy (i.e. analysis by polyp). Secondary outcome measures included an analysis by patient, extracolonic findings at CT colonography, adverse events with both procedures and patient acceptance and preference. RESULTS: Twenty-five patients (11%) were excluded from the analysis because of incomplete colonoscopy or poor bowel preparation that affected either CT colonography, colonoscopy or both procedures. Polyps and masses (usually cancers) were detected at colonoscopy and CT colonography in 35% and 42% of patients, respectively. Of nine patients with a finaldiagnosis of cancer, eight (89%) were identified by CT colonography as masses (5) or polyps (3). For polyps analyzed according to polyp, the overall sensitivity of CT colonography was 50% (95% CI, 39%-61%) but this increased to 71% (95% CI, 52%-85%) for polyps ≥ 6 mm in size. Similarly, specificity for all polyps was 48% (95% CI, 39%-58%) increasing to 67% (95% CI, 56%-76%) for polyps ≥ 6 mm. Adverse events were uncommon but included one colonic perforation at colonoscopy. Patient acceptance was high for both procedures but preference favoured CT colonography. CONCLUSION: Although CT colonography was more sensitive in this study than in some previous studies, the procedure is not yet sensitive enough for widespread application in symptomatic patients.

关键词： Colorectal polyps Colorectal cancer Computed tomography colonography Colonoscopy

Red deer as a disperser of native,but not invasive plants’seeds

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Integrative Zoology 2023年第5期18卷 859-866页

作者： Fernanda GARCIA António ALVES DA SILVA ruben HELENO joséPaulo SOUSA joana ALVES Centre for Functional Ecology(CFE) TERRA Associate LaboratoryDepartment of Life SciencesUniversity of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal

INTRODUCTION Seed dispersal is a key process in the life cycle of most plants,with ecological and evolutionary consequences that go beyond vegetation dynamics and cascade to entire ecosystem functioning and stability(Traveset et al.2014).Seed dispersal largely constrains plant recruitment and the distribution of future plant cohorts,thus playing a critical role in the restoration of disturbed sites(cain et al.2000;Higgins et al.2003).It can also threaten plant diversity by facilitating plant invasions(Vavra et al.2007;Heleno 2020).

关键词： consequences disperse disturbed

Delayed Onset Low Molecular Weight Heparin Induced Skin Necrosis on a Hemodialysis Patient

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Open journal of Nephrology 2023年第2期13卷 74-80页

作者： Suzanne j. Sanchez ruben A. Maguad Grecia P. Darunday Adult Nephrology Department Perpetual Succour Hospital Cebu City Philippine

Delayed onset low molecular weight heparin induced skin necrosis is a rare adverse event. It usually occurs at the site of injection, and typically develops within 2 weeks of starting therapy. However, in our case, we presented a 62-year-old woman who is on Hemodialysis twice a week. Her hemodialysis prescription included Enoxaparine 0.2 cc IV as anticoagulant. On her third month of regular hemodialysis, she developed skin necrosis on her right leg and left hand. The diagnosis was made clinically and by exclusion of other possible causes of skin necrosis in a chronic kidney disease patient, such as calciphylaxis. The most important aspect of management, in this case, is early recognition and withdrawal of its use, which were done in our patient.

关键词： Heparin Skin Necrosis Hemodialysis