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Declining metabolic scaling parallels an ontogenetic change from elongate to deep-bodied shapes in juvenile Brown trout

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Current Zoology 2023年第3期69卷 294-303页

作者： Jorge-ruben Sanchez-Gonzalez Alfredo G.Nicieza Department of Organisms andSystems Biology University of Oviedo33006O OviedoSpain Biodiversity Research Institute(IMIB) University of Oviedo-Principality of Asturias-CSIC33600 MieresSpain Department of Animal Science-Wildlife Section University of Lleida25006 LleidaSpain

Body shape and metabolic rate can be important determinants of animal performance,yet often their effects on influential traits are evaluated in a non-integrated *** creates an important gap because the integration between shape and metabolism may be crucial to evaluate metabolic scaling ***,we measured standard metabolic rate in 1-and 2-years old juvenile brown trout Salmo trutta,and used a geometric morphometrics approach to extricate the effects of ontogeny and size on the link between shape and metabolic *** evidenced near-isometric ontogenetic scaling of metabolic rate with size,but also a biphasic pattern driven by a significant change in metabolic scaling,from positive to negative ***,the change in metabolic allometry parallels an ontogenetic change from elongate to deep-bodied *** is consistent with the dynamic energy budget(DEB)and surface area(SA)theories,but not with the resource transport network theory which predicts increasing allometric exponents for trends towards more robust,three-dimensional *** addition,we found a relationship between body shape and size independent metabolic rate,with a positive correlation between robustness and metabolic rate,which fits well within the view of Pace-of-Life Syndromes(POLS).Finally,our results align with previous studies that question the universality of metabolic scaling exponents and propose other mechanistic models explaining the diversity of metabolic scaling relationships or emphasizing the potential contribution of ecological factors.

关键词： biphasic allometric scaling metabolic rate ontogenetic allometry shape surface-area trout

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Metabolic reprogramming of the inflammatory response in the nervous system:the crossover between inflammation and metabolism

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2189-2201页

作者： Jesus Amo-Aparicio Charles A.Dinarello ruben Lopez-Vales Department of Medicine University of ColoradoAuroraCOUSA Institute of Neurosciences and Department Cell BiologyPhysiology and ImmunologyUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas(CIBERNED) Instituto de Salud Carlos ⅢSpain

Metabolism is a fundamental process by which biochemicals are broken down to produce energy(catabolism) or used to build macromolecules(anabolism). Metabolism has received renewed attention as a mechanism that generates molecules that modulate multiple cellular responses. This was first identified in cancer cells as the Warburg effect, but it is also present in immunocompetent cells. Studies have revealed a bidirectional influence of cellular metabolism and immune cell function, highlighting the significance of metabolic reprogramming in immune cell activation and effector functions. Metabolic processes such as glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, and fatty acid oxidation have been shown to undergo dynamic changes during immune cell response, facilitating the energetic and biosynthetic demands. This review aims to provide a better understanding of the metabolic reprogramming that occurs in different immune cells upon activation, with a special focus on central nervous system disorders. Understanding the metabolic changes of the immune response not only provides insights into the fundamental mechanisms that regulate immune cell function but also opens new approaches for therapeutic strategies aimed at manipulating the immune system.

关键词： central nervous system fatty acid oxidation glycolysis inflammation macrophage metabolism microglia neurodegeneration oxidative phosphorylation

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Gene therapy of liver cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第38期12卷 6085-6097页

作者： ruben Hernandez-Alcoceba Bruno Sangro Jesus Prieto Division of Gene Therapy and Hepatology School of Medicine Foundation for Applied Medical Research-CIMA University of Navarra Spain Department of Medicine Clinica Universitaria University of Navarra Spain Division of Gene Therapy and Hepatology School of Medicine Foundation for Applied Medical Research-CIMA University of Navarra Spain Department of Medicine Clinica Universitaria University of Navarra Spain

The application of gene transfer technologies to the treatment of cancer has led to the development of new experimental approaches like gene directed enzyme/pro- drug therapy (GDEPT), inhibition of oncogenes and restoration of tumor-suppressor genes. In addition, gene therapy has a big impact on other fields like cancer immunotherapy, anti-angiogenic therapy and virotherapy. These strategies are being evaluated for the treatment of primary and metastatic liver cancer and some of them have reached clinical phases. We present a review on the basis and the actual status of gene therapy approaches applied to liver cancer.

关键词： Gene therapy Cancer Liver Hepatocellular carcinoma Vector Therapeutic gene

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Study on carnauba wax as phase-change material integrated in evacuated-tube collector for solar-thermal heat production

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Clean Energy 2023年第3期7卷 547-554页

作者： ruben Bartali MicheleBolognese NicolaFronza LucaPrattico AlbertoZanetti TiagoOsorio Luigi Crema Fondazione Bruno Kessler Centre on Sustainable EnergyVia Sommarive 1838123 TrentoItaly University ofÉvora-Renewable Energies Chair Palácio VimiosoLargo Marquês de Marialva7002-554ÉvoraPortugal

The evacuated-tube collector(ETC)for solar heat production is one of the most efficient systems to convert Sun energy into usable ***,some technological barriers are still present in solar-thermal heat systems that limit the use of these technologies to decarbonize *** important obstacle is the requirement for heat at stable temperatures,which is not always achievable by solar fields,*** *** that reason,in this work,we studied the phase-change materials embedded in the ETC to keep stable the water temperature for a short period(minutes,hours).In this study,carnauba wax was used as a sustainable phase-change material(PCM),to avoid the use of PCM based on hydrocarbon *** PCM has been packaged using a polyethylene bag inserted into an ETC with heat-pipe technologies and *** collector has been tested outdoors under solar irradiation and under shading *** experimental results show that is possible to detect a sensible effect of the PCM on the temperature using 4 kg of carnauba wax while there is an important effect on the temperature stabilization using 9 kg of *** 9 kg of the PCM,we observed a stability of the outlet water temperature at 65°C for 30 minutes under shading conditions.

关键词： energy storage carnauba wax ETC solar collector solar heat PCM

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Effect of slake durability on time dependent swelling behavior of red-bed siltstone in Sichuan Basin

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第9期21卷 3123-3138页

作者： JIA Qinji ruben Angel GALINDO AIRES LIU Xiaoming XU Haifeng Department of Geotechnical Engineering College of Civil EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Escuela de Caminos Canales y PuertosUniversidad Politécnica de MadridMadrid 28040Spain

The swelling behavior of red-bed rocks is a significant factor in the abnormal uplift of subgrades for high-speed railways constructed on the red stratum in the Sichuan Basin,*** prime objective of this paper is to investigate the impact of mineralogical composition,moisture content,and overburden load on the time-dependent unconfined and oedometric swelling behavior of red-bed siltstone in the context of differences in the slake *** samples were prepared for the swelling test,with eleven used for the unconfined swelling and slake index tests and nine for the oedometric swelling *** temporal dependency of swelling is characterized by the viscosity coefficient of water absorption in a proposed swelling *** indicate that the swelling deformation of red-bed rocks is due to a combination of hydration swelling within the rock matrix and crack expansion caused by air *** the unconfined swelling test,the final axial swelling strain of red-bed rocks decreases linearly with increasing slake index,while the viscosity coefficient increases exponentially with the slake *** the oedometric swelling test,red-bed rocks with lower slake durability show greater sensitivity to lateral constraint and overburden load compared to those with higher slake durability.

关键词： Rock swelling Slake durability Time effect Unconfined swelling test Oedometric swelling test

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Exploring the modulatory role of bovine lactoferrin on the microbiome and the immune response in healthy and Shiga toxin‑producing *** challenged weaned piglets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1278-1291页

作者： Matthias Dierick ruben Ongena Daisy Vanrompay Bert Devriendt Eric Cox Laboratory of Immunology Department of Translational PhysiologyInfectiology and Public HealthFaculty of Veterinary MedicineGhent UniversitySalisburylaan 1339820 MerelbekeBelgium Laboratory for Immunology and Animal Biotechnology Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityCoupure links 6539000 GhentBelgium

Background Post-weaned piglets suffer from F18+Escherichia coli(***)infections resulting in post-weaning diar-rhoea or oedema *** used management strategies,including colistin and zinc oxide,have contrib-uted to the emergence and spread of antimicrobial *** antimicrobials capable of directly interacting with pathogens and modulating the host immune responses are being *** has shown promising results against porcine enterotoxigenic *** strains,both in vitro and in *** We investigated the influence of bovine lactoferrin(bLF)on the microbiome of healthy and infected weaned ***,we assessed whether bLF influenced the immune responses upon Shiga toxin-producing ***(STEC)***,2 in vivo trials were conducted:a microbiome trial and a challenge infection trial,using an F18+STEC *** did not affect theα-andβ-***,bLF groups showed a higher relative abundance(RA)for the Actinobacteria phylum and the Bifidobacterium genus in the ileal *** analysing the immune response upon infection,the STEC group exhibited a significant increase in F18-specific IgG serum levels,whereas this response was absent in the bLF *** Taken together,the oral administration of bLF did not have a notable impact on theα-andβ-diversity of the gut microbiome in weaned ***,it did increase the RA of the Actinobacteria phylum and Bifi-dobacterium genus,which have previously been shown to play an important role in maintaining gut ***,bLF administration during STEC infection resulted in the absence of F18-specific serum IgG responses.

关键词： E.coli Immune modulation Lactoferrin Microbiome

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Detection of Streaks in Astronomical Images Using Machine Learning

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Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Technology 2024年第1期4卷 1-8页

作者： Charles Jeffries ruben Acuna School of Computing and Augmented Intelligence Arizona State UniversityTempeAZ 85281USA

Satellites in low earth orbit(LEO)pose a challenge to astronomy observations requiring long exposure times or wide observation *** the number of satellites in LEO dramatically increases,it motivates an increased need for methods to filter out artifacts caused by satellites crossing into observation *** paper develops and evaluates a deep learning model based on U-Net to filter these artifacts from collected *** proposed model is compared with two existing filtering methods on a dataset generated using the state-of-the-art tool *** the initial application of deep learning does include some unpredictable behavior not found in traditional algorithms,the proposed model outperforms the existing methods in overall accuracy while requiring significantly less computational *** suggests that the application of deep learning to satellite artifact removal which has previously been underdeveloped in the literature may be an appropriate avenue.

关键词： astronomy CNN image processing streak detection U-Net

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The ALPPS procedure-As Limited Procedures as Possible, leads to improved Survival

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2022年第4期11卷 636-639页

作者： ruben Ciria Javier Briceño Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation University Hospital Reina SofíaCórdobaSpain

The history of procedures for liver regeneration in the context of extended resections changed with the incorporation of Associating Liver Partition to Portal Vein Ligation in Two-Staged Hepatectomy(ALPPS)(1).The main well-known advantages of the ALPPS procedure are a fast and feasible increase in liver volume within a short period of time which leads to a second-stage procedure in 2-3 weeks.

关键词： ALPPS Survival liver

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Cost-optimization based target reliabilities for design of structures exposed to fire

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Resilient Cities and Structures 2024年第2期3卷 20-33页

作者： Ranjit Kumar Chaudhary Thomas Gernay ruben Van Coile Department of Structural Engineering and Building Materials Ghent University9000 GhentBelgium Department of Civil Engineering Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21218United States

Adequacy of structural fire design in uncommon structures is conceptually ensured through cost-benefit analysis where the future costs are balanced against the benefits of safety ***-benefit analyses,however,are complicated and computationally challenging,and hence impractical for application to individual *** address this issue,design guidance proposes target reliability indices for normal design conditions,but no target reliability indices are defined for structural fire *** revisit the background of the cost-optimization based approach underlying normal design target reliability indices then we extend this approach for the case of fire design of *** also propose a modified objective function for cost-optimization which simplifies the evaluation of target reliability indices and reduces the number of *** optimum safety level is expressed as a function of a new dimensionless variable named“Damage-to-investment indicator”(DII).The cost optimization approach is validated for the target reliability indices for normal design *** method is then applied for evaluating DII and the associated optimum reliability indices for fire-exposed *** case studies are presented:(i)a one-way loaded reinforced concrete slab and(ii)a steel column under axial *** study thus provides a framework for deriving optimum(target)reliability index for structural fire design which can support the development of rational provisions in codes and standards.

关键词： Target reliability Cost optimization Life-cycle cost Structural fire engineering Design code

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Nickel,Lead and Zinc Sorption in a Reclaimed Settling Pond Soil

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Pedosphere 2016年第1期26卷 39-48页

作者： Veronica ASENSIO ruben FORJAN Flora Alonso VEGA Emma Fernandez COVELO Department of Plant Biology and Soil Science Faculty of BiologyUniversity of VigoAs Lagoas-Marcosende36310 VigoPon-tevedra(Spain) Department Of Plant Nutrition University of Sdo Paulo-Center of Nuclear Energy in Agriculture(USP-CENA)134 00-970 Piracica-ba-SP(Brazil)

The wastes used to amend soils sometimes have high concentrations of metals such as nickel(Ni), lead(Pb) and zinc(Zn). To determine the capacity of soils to retain these metals, the sorption capacities of different mine soils with and without reclamation treatments(tree vegetation and waste amendment) for Ni, Pb and Zn in individual and competitive situations were evaluated using the batch sorption technique. The untreated settling pond soil had low capacity for Ni, Pb and Zn retention. The site amended with wastes(sewage sludges and paper mill residues) increased the sorption capacity most, probably because of the higher concentrations of soil components with high retention capacity such as carbon and clay fraction. No significant competition was observed between metals in the competitive sorption experiment, indicating that the maximum of sorption was not achieved by adding 0.5 mmol L^(-1) of metal. We can conclude that, despite the possible additions of Ni, Pb and Zn from wastes to degraded soils, sewage sludges and paper mill residues have a high sorption capacity that would prevent the metals from being in a mobile form.

关键词： metals mine soil retaining capacity tree vegetation waste amendment

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