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Evaluation of the Incidence and Severity of Olive Leaf Spot Caused by Spilocaea oleaginaon Olive Trees in Palestine

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2011年第3期2卷 457-460页

作者： Mazen Salman Abd-Almonem Hawamda Ahmad Al-Ashqar Amarni Mahmoud Rahil Hajaj Hajjeh Basel Natsheh ruba abuamsha 不详

Olive Leaf Spot (OLS) is found in many parts of the world and cause readuced growth and yield in olive trees. In this study, investigations were carried out to measure the incidence (% infected leaves) and severity (number of lesions/leaf) of OLS in olive growing regions in Palestine, including the regions of Hebron, Bethlehem, Tulkarm, Salfit, Jenin, Nablus, Ramallah and Qalqiyah. OLS was found in all study areas with significantly higher percent incidences in Jenin and Nablus (67.16% ± 18.16% and 46.06% ± 23.70%, respectively). OLS was more severe in Nablus, Qalqilyah, Jenin and Tulkarm (severity grade 3.0 - 3.7). Analysis indicate that there is a positive correlation (R2 = 0.597) between disease incidence and severity. OLS appeared to be particularly severe on trees that were growing in regions with higher annual rainfall. The correlation between severity and rainfall was positive (R2 = 0.543).

关键词： Palestine Spilocaea oleagina Peacock Spot Disease Severity Olea Europaea

Improvement of Flat Surfaces Quality of Aluminum Alloy 6061-O By A Proposed Trajectory of Ball Burnishing Tool

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2019年第8期61卷 555-568页

作者： ruba Alghazoul Almohanad Makki Magd Abdel Wahab Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Al Baath UniversityHomsSyria Institute of Research and Development Duy Tan University03 Quang TrungDa NangVietnam Soete Laboratory Faculty of Engineering and ArchitectureGhent UniversityGentBelgium

Burnishing is a profitable process of surface finishing due to its ability to be automated,which makes burnishing method more desirable than other finishing *** obtain high surface finish,non-stop operation is required for CNC machine and we can attain that by choosing a suitable trajectory of the finishing *** other words,burnishing paths should be multidirectional rather than monotonic,in order to cover uniformly the ***,the burnishing force is also a key parameter of the burnishing process because it determines the degree of plastic deformation,and that makes determining the optimum burnishing force an essential step of the burnishing process a ***,we consider the strategy of ball burnishing path and the burnishing force as variable parameters in this *** this paper,we propose a new strategy of burnishing tool path with trochoid cycles that achieves a multidirectional burnishing of the surface according to various *** into consideration the optimum burnishing force,to improve flat surface finish of AL6061-O samples by reducing the surface roughness parameter(Rz).Experiments carried out on 3-axis milling machine show that the proposed trochoidal path is more effective than the conventional one.

关键词： Ball burnishing surface quality trajectories roughness

Evaluating current ethical values of OpenStreetMap using value sensitive design

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2023年第3期26卷 362-378页

作者： ruba Jaljolie Talia Dror David N.Siriba Sagi Dalyot Engineering Civil and Environmental EngineeringThe TechnionMapping and Geo-InformationTechnion CityIsrael Department of Geospatial and Space Technology University of NairobiNairobiKenya

The crowdsourced OpenStreetMap mapping platform is utilized by countless stakeholders worldwide for various purposes and ***,researchers,governments,commercial,and humanitarian organizations,in addition to the engineers,professionals,and technical developers,use OpenStreetMap both as data contributors and *** storage,usage,and integration of volunteered geographical data in software applications often create complex ethical dilemmas and values regarding the relationships between different categories of *** is therefore common for moral preferences of stakeholders to be *** paper investigates the integration of ethical values in OpenStreetMap using the value sensitive design methodology that examines technical,empirical,and conceptual aspects at each design *** use the Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Team,an existing volunteered geographic information initiative,as a case *** investigation shows that although OpenStreetMap does integrate ethical values in its organizational structure,a deeper understanding of its direct and indirect stakeholders’perspectives is still *** study is expected to assist organizations that contribute to or use OpenStreetMap in recognizing and preserving existing and important ethical *** the best of our knowledge,this is the first attempt to evaluate ethical values methodically and comprehensively in the design process of the OpenStreetMap platform.

关键词： Value Sensitive Design(VSD) OpenStreetMap(OSM) ethical values Volunteered Geographic Information(VGI) crowdsourcing geographic data contributors and consumers

Cultural and creative sectors at a crossroad:from a mainstream process towards an active engagement

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Built Heritage 2021年第3期5卷 49-64页

作者： Christian Ost ruba Saleh Raymond Lemaire International Conservation Centre KU Leuven UniversityKasteelpark Arenberg 1B-3001 HeverleeBelgium ICHEC Brussels Management School Brussels4 Boulevard Brand Whitlock1150 BrusselsBelgium

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a current global health crisis with dreadful repercussions all over the world.A global economic recession is anticipated,with strong impacts in all economic and social sectors,including the cultural *** all sub sectors will be impacted(heritage sites,theatres,museums,operas,art galleries),the cultural built heritage is particularly at stake,as it relies on multiple stakeholders through a wide range of heritage-related activities(tourism,recreation,housing,real estate,construction,craftsmanship,etc.).Sites management and heritage conservation have not only been vulnerable to strong economic and social disruptions,like most of other cultural fields,but have been greatly challenged because heritage values and the paradigm of conservation(50 years after adoption of the UNESCO convention)are being themselves revisited in the perspective of the Sustainable Development *** paper aims also to consider cultural heritage as part of the Cultural and Creative Sectors(CCS)and how creativity and innovation contribute to post-COVID recoveries through Schumpeter-related creative destruction *** current crisis might be perceived in a perspective of long wave theory of innovations and economic *** economic history is filled with many examples of such transition period when inventions,innovations,and growth reactivate the economic development in an upward long-term *** such framework,crisis can trigger innovation and creativity and can be understood as opportunity to increase the CCS resilience and sustainability,as well as harness the universality and the power of ***,the paper aims to describe implications of such situation by providing to the CCS ways to learn and experience cultural entrepreneurship,resilient strategies,new sustainable and circular business models applied to the cultural heritage sector and its conservation.

关键词： Cultural and creative sectors(CCS) Cultural heritage Cultural entrepreneurship Long wave theory Sustainable and circular business model COVID-19 Cultural resilience

Fostering firm innovativeness:Understanding the sequential relationships between human resource practices,psychological empowerment,innovative work behavior,and firm innovative capability

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International Journal of Innovation Studies 2024年第1期8卷 76-91页

作者： ruba Sami Al Daboub Amro Al-Madadha Ahmad Samed Al-Adwan Business Administration Department Princess Sumaya University for TechnologyAmmanJordan Department of Business Technology Business SchoolHourani Center for Applied Scientific ResearchAl-Ahliyya Amman UniversityAmmanJordan

This study investigated the relationships between human resource(HR)practices,employee psychological empowerment,employee innovative work behavior,and firm innovation capability in the context of the Information and Communication Technology(ICT)sector in *** the Social Exchange Theory(SET)as a guiding framework,this study explored how employee psychological empowerment and innovative work behavior mediated the influence of HR practices on a firm’s innovative *** on extensive data collected from ICT organizations in Jordan,our analysis had several key findings.A significant positive correlation between HR practices and psychological empowerment was *** design emerged as the most influential factor affecting psychological empowerment,whereas compensation had a weaker ***,we established that psychological empowerment significantly enhanced innovative work behavior,underscoring its role as a catalyst for innovative work behavior within the ***,our study supported the theory that psychological empowerment influenced a firms’innovation capabilities,emphasizing the pivotal role of employee empowerment in driving firm-level innovation in the Jordanian ICT *** findings provide insights for academic and practical audiences,clarifying how HR practices,employee psychological empowerment,and innovative work behavior collectively influenced firm innovation capability within the unique context of the Jordanian ICT sector.

关键词： Human resources practices Psychological empowerment Innovative work behavior Firm innovative capability Social exchange theory Job design

Maximizing Resource Efficiency in Cloud Data Centers through Knowledge-Based Flower Pollination Algorithm (KB-FPA)

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 3757-3782页

作者： Nidhika Chauhan Navneet Kaur Kamaljit Singh Saini Sahil Verma Kavita ruba Abu Khurma Pedro A.Castillo University Institute of Computing Department Chandigarh UniversityPunjab140413India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chandigarh UniversityPunjab140413India Universidade Federal do Piauí TeresinaPiauí64049-550Brazil MEU Research Unit Faculty of Information TechnologyMiddle East UniversityAmman11831Jordan Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private UniversityAmman11931Jordan Department of Computer Engineering Automatics and RoboticsUniversity of GranadaGranada18071Spain

Cloud computing is a dynamic and rapidly evolving field,where the demand for resources fluctuates *** paper delves into the imperative need for adaptability in the allocation of resources to applications and services within cloud computing *** motivation stems from the pressing issue of accommodating fluctuating levels of user demand *** adhering to the proposed resource allocation method,we aim to achieve a substantial reduction in energy *** reduction hinges on the precise and efficient allocation of resources to the tasks that require those most,aligning with the broader goal of sustainable and eco-friendly cloud computing *** enhance the resource allocation process,we introduce a novel knowledge-based optimization *** this study,we rigorously evaluate its efficacy by comparing it to existing algorithms,including the Flower Pollination Algorithm(FPA),Spark Lion Whale Optimization(SLWO),and Firefly *** findings reveal that our proposed algorithm,Knowledge Based Flower Pollination Algorithm(KB-FPA),consistently outperforms these conventional methods in both resource allocation efficiency and energy consumption *** paper underscores the profound significance of resource allocation in the realm of cloud *** addressing the critical issue of adaptability and energy efficiency,it lays the groundwork for a more sustainable future in cloud computing *** contribution to the field lies in the introduction of a new resource allocation strategy,offering the potential for significantly improved efficiency and sustainability within cloud computing infrastructures.

关键词： Cloud computing resource allocation energy consumption optimization algorithm flower pollination algorithm

Guidelines versus practice in screening and monitoring of cardiometabolic risks in patients taking antipsychotic medications:where do we stand?

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General Psychiatry 2021年第4期34卷 69-73页

作者： ruba Saleh Azfr Ali Zahraa Jalal Vibhu Paudyal Clinical Pharmacy Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia School of Pharmacy University of BirminghamBirminghamUK

INTRODUCTION Despite the known benefits of antipsychotic medications,they have been associated with increased risks of cardiometabolic side ***-induced adverse cardiometabolic effects,such as weight gain,high blood pressure,alterations in glucose metabolism and lipid dysregulation,are well-recognised risk factors for cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)and diabetes.1 Clinical guidelines call for regular physical health assessments and laboratory monitoring as a means to prevent and detect adverse cardiometabolic effects of antipsychotic ***,recent evidence suggests that cardiovascular condi-tions remain the key causes of death among people using antipsychotic medications,suggesting suboptimal screening and moni-toring *** cardiometabolic screening among antipsychotic users can hinder the early detection of high-risk people and delay receiving proper management.

关键词： medication metabolism cardiovascular

Use of shear wave elastography for the diagnosis and follow-up of biliary atresia: A meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第32期28卷 4725-4739页

作者： Ellen S Wagner Hussien Ahmed H Abdelgawad Meghan Landry Belal Asfour Mark B Slidell ruba Azzam Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatologyand NutritionThe University of Chicago MedicineComer Children’s HospitalChicagoIL 60637United States Department of Medicine Zagazig UniversityZagazig 44511EgyptEgypt Department of Pediatrics The University of Chicago MedicineComer Children’s HospitalChicagoIL 60637United States Graduate School of Professional Education-Biomedical Informatics University of ChicagoChicagoIL 60637United States Department of Surgery The University of Chicago MedicineComer Children’s HospitalChicagoIL 60637United States

BACKGROUND Timely differentiation of biliary atresia(BA)from other infantile cholestatic diseases can impact patient ***,non-invasive staging of fibrosis after Kasai hepatoportoenterostomy has not been widely *** wave elastography is an ultrasound modality that detects changes in tissue *** authors propose that the utility of elastography in BA can be elucidated through meta-analysis of existing *** To assess the utility of elastography in:(1)BA diagnosis,and(2)post-Kasai fibrosis *** A literature search identified articles that evaluated elastography for BA diagnosis and for post-Kasai *** studies met criteria for meta-analysis:Eleven for diagnosis and nine for follow-up *** diagnostic odds ratio(DOR),sensitivity,and specificity of elastography were calculated through a random-effects model using Meta-DiSc *** Mean liver stiffness in BA infants at diagnosis was significantly higher than in non-BA,with overall DOR 24.61,sensitivity 83%,and specificity 79%.Post-Kasai,mean liver stiffness was significantly higher in BA patients with varices than in patients without,with DOR 16.36,sensitivity 85%,and specificity 76%.Elastography differentiated stage F4 fibrosis from F0-F3 with DOR of 70.03,sensitivity 96%,and specificity 89%.Elastography also differentiated F3-F4 fibrosis from F0-F2 with DOR of 24.68,sensitivity 85%,and specificity 81%.CONCLUSION Elastography has potential as a non-invasive modality for BA diagnosis and surveillance *** paper’s limitations include inter-study method heterogeneity and small sample ***,standardized,multi-center studies are recommended.

关键词： Biliary atresia Cholestasis Hepatic portoenterostomy Fibrosis Esophageal and gastric varices Elasticity imaging techniques

Synthesis of a New Lopinavir Phosphinic Analog as HIV-1 Inhibitor

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2019年第7期7卷 36-41页

作者： ruba Kellow Magdalini Matziari Institute of Translational Medicine Faculty of Health & Life Sciences University of Liverpool Liverpool UK Department of Chemistry Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University (XJTLU) Suzhou China

HIV/AIDS has been one of the most devastating global diseases. HIV-1 protease proteolytic action is responsible for the manufacture of grown, infectious species, consequently HIV-1 protease has become an attractive goal in the treatment and therapy of HIV. Several HIV-1 protease inhibitors based therapeutic agents are under investigation or currently in the market. Lopinavir (ABT-378) has a great value in this research field. Therefore, different methods have appeared aiming to develop efficient analogs by the utilization of variable techniques, since Lopinavir had showed low bioavailability when being prescribed alone, and various side effects after the combination of Lopinavir with another HIV-1 inhibitors such as Ritonavir, which is available in the markets nowadays under the brand name Kaletra. Replacement of the hydroxyethylene moiety in Lopinavir structure, which is responsible for the monohydroxylated metabolites with the stable to hydrolysis phosphinic group has been considered, since that hydroxyl group in the central core is responsible for the interaction with the carboxylic acid in the catalytic aspartyl residue of HIV-1 by hydrogen bonding and consequently supports the drug affinity to the protease. The small scale processes for the synthetic strategies for the new candidate phosphinic analog of Lopinavir protease inhibitor (PL1) is presented here in along with some preliminary pharmacological data.

关键词： HIV-1 Lopinavir PL1