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Gene silencing of HIF-2α disrupts glioblastom. stem.cell phenotype

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2020年第2期3卷 199-208页

作者： Leora m.Nusblat Shaili Tanna Charles m.roth Departm.nt of Biom.dical Engineering RutgersThe State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNJ 08854USA Departm.nt of Chem.cal and Biochem.cal Engineering RutgersThe State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNJ 08854USA

m.lignancy and recurrence in glioblastom. *** regions within the tum.r m.croenvironm.nt help m.intain and prom.te the proliferation of ***,we explored the effects of silencing hypoxia inducible factor-2α(HIF-2α)because of its specificity for CSCs within the hypoxic ***:Cancer stem.cell neurospheres were form.d by enriching from.both the glioblastom. cell line U87 and from.brain tum.r stem.cells isolated directly from.hum.n brain *** of hum.n HIF-2αwas perform.d using both com.ercial and in-house transfection of a validated short interfering RNA,with all results com.ared to an established non-silencing control short interfering *** of HIF-2αwas established by Western blotting,and phenotypic effects were assayed by cell m.gration assays,cell viability m.asurem.nts,and im.unofluorescence staining of differentiation ***:Transfection with either our previously reported pH-sensitive,cationic am.hiphilic m.crom.lecule-based delivery system.or Lipofectam.ne was sim.larly effective in silencing HIF-2α.The chem.therapeutic resistance and neurosphere form.tion were reduced when HIF-2αwas *** capacities in the presence of m.crophage conditioned m.dia were ***-2αsilencing was com.lem.ntary to tem.zolom.de treatm.nt in producing phenotypic rather than cytotoxic ***:HIF-2αsilencing under hypoxia inhibited CSC phenotypes while prom.ting differentiated cell phenotypes and is com.lem.ntary to existing DNA alkylating treatm.nts in inhibiting gliom. CSC activity.

关键词： Glioblastom. m.ltiform. cancer stem.cell short interfering RNA tum.r hypoxia

Deuterium.retention in chem.cally vapor deposited tungsten carbide coatings and hot-rolled tungsten exposed to low-energy deuterium.plasm.

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Tungsten 2022年第1期4卷 10-19页

作者： Vladim.r Kh.Alim.v Joachim.roth Frum.in Institute of Physical Chem.stry and Electrochem.stry Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow 119071Russia m.x-Planck-Institut fur Plasm.physik 85748 GarchingGermany

Sam.les of chem.cally vapor deposited(CVD)coatings of tungsten carbides W_(45)C_(55)and W_(60)C_(40)and sam.les of hot-rolled tungsten were exposed to deuterium.D)plasm. at sam.le tem.eratures ranging from.323 to 813 K,as a result of which the sam.les were irradiated with D ions with an energy of about 200 eV per D particle at a flux of D particles of about1.1×10^(21)D·m.(-2)·s^(-1)to a fluence of about 2×10^(24)D·m.(-2).The concentration of deuterium.in these sam.les was exam.ned by the D(3 He,p)4 He nuclear *** on the m.asured deuterium.depth profiles and assum.ng that these profiles are determ.ned by diffusing D atom.,the diffusion coefficients of deuterium.in the CVD tungsten carbide coatings were *** these diffusion coefficients,an estim.te of the Arrhenius relation for the diffusion coefficients of deuterium.in CVD tungsten carbide coatings was obtained:D=2.5×10^(-3)exp(-1.12 eV/kT)m.2·s^(-1),where T is tem.erature expressed in Kelvin,and k is the Boltzm.nn *** concentration of trapped deuterium.in the bulk of CVD tungsten carbide coatings is practically independent of the stoichiom.try of the *** decreases from.about 5×10^(-2)to about 7×10^(-4)D/(W+C)with an increase in the deuterium.plasm. exposure tem.erature from.373 to 813 *** concentration of trapped deuterium.in hot-rolled tungsten,expressed in units of the D/W atom.c ratio,is m.re than an order of m.gnitude lower than the concentration of deuterium.in tungsten carbides,and also decreases with increasing plasm. exposure tem.erature.

关键词： Chem.cally vapor deposited tungsten carbides Tungsten Deuterium.plasm. Deuterium.depth profiles Deuterium.diffusion coefficients

Sol-gel derived B_(2)O_(3)-CaO borate bioactive glasses with hem.static,antibacterial and pro-angiogenic activities

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Regenerative Biom.terials 2024年第1期3卷 108-118页

作者： Kai Zheng Faina Bider m.hshid m.navari Zhiyan Xu Christina Janko Christoph Alexiou Ana m.Beltran Aldo R.Boccaccini Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stom.tological Translational m.dicine College of StomatologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China Institute of Biom.terials University of Erlangen-Nuremberg91058 ErlangenGermany Departm.nt of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck SurgerySection of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine(SEON)Else Kroener-Fresenius-Stiftung ProfessorshipUniversitaetsklinikum Erlangen91058 ErlangenGermany Departam.nto de Ingenier�ıa y Ciencia de los m.teriales y del Transporte Escuela Politecnica

Sol-gel borate bioactive glasses(BGs)are prom.sing ion-releasing biom.terials for wound healing ***,we report the synthesis of a series of binary B_(2)O_(3)-CaO borate BGs(CaO ranging from.50 to 90m.l%)using a sol-gel-based *** influence of CaO content in B_(2)O_(3)-CaO borate BG on m.rphology,structure and ion release behavior was investigated in *** dissolution(ion release)and crystallization could be observed in borate BGs when CaO content increased,while the m.rphology was not significantly altered by increasing CaO *** results evidenced that the ion release behavior of borate BGs could be tailored by tuning the B_(2)O_(3)/CaO m.lar *** also evaluated the in vitro cytotoxicity,hem.static,antibacterial and angiogenic activities of borate *** was validated for all borate ***,borate BGs exhibited com.osition-dependent hem.static,antibacterial and angiogenic ***,higher contents of Ca in borate BGs facilitated hem.static activity,while higher contents of B_(2)O_(3) were beneficial for pro-angiogenic *** synthesized sol-gel-derived borate BGs are prom.sing m.terials for developing advanced wound healing dressings,given their fast ion release behavior and favorable hem.static,antibacterial and angiogenic activities.

关键词： borate glasses sol-gel processing glass com.osition wound healing

Surgery in the age of biologics

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Gastroenterology Report 2019年第2期7卷 77-90,I0001页

作者： Daniel J.Wong Eve m.roth Joseph D.Feuerstein Vitaliy Y.Poylin Departm.nt of Surgery Division of Colon&Rectum SurgeryBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Departm.nt of m.dicine Division of GastroenterologyBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA

Since the introduction of the first anti-tum.r necrosis factor antibodies in the late 1990s,biologic therapy has revolutionized the m.dical treatm.nt of patients with inflam.atory bowel disease(IBD).Nevertheless,surgery continues to play a significant role in treating IBD *** of intestinal resection in patients with Crohn’s disease or colectom. in ulcerative colitis are reducing but not substantially over the long *** increasing variety of biologic m.dications are now available to treat IBD patients in various clinical ***,a num.er of questions persist about how biologic m.dications affect the need for surgery and overall course in IBD *** the trend for earlier and m.re frequent use of biologic m.dications in IBD patients,a working knowledge of the effects of these m.dications on surgical decision-m.king and outcom.s is essential for the practicing colorectal surgeon and *** review seeks to sum.arize the relevant literature surrounding biologic use and IBD surgery with a focus on the effect of biologics on the frequency,type and com.lications of surgery in this‘age of biologics’.

关键词： Biologics inflam.atory bowel disease surgery review

Laser-induced m.crostructures on silicon for laser-driven acceleration experim.nts

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2017年第2期5卷 57-62页

作者： Tina Ebert Nico W.Neum.nn Torsten Abel Gabriel Schaum.nn m.rkus roth Departm.nt of Nuclear Physics TU Darmstadt Germany

Ultrashort laser pulses are used to create surface structures on thin(25 μm. silicon(Si) wafers. Scanning the wafer with a galvanom.tric m.rror system.creates large hom.geneously structured areas. The variety of structure shapes that can be generated with this m.thod is exem.lified by the analysis of shape, height and distance of structures created in the am.ient m.dia air and isopropanol. A study of the correlation between structure height and rem.ining wafer thickness is presented. The com.aratively easy m.nufacturing technique and the structure variety that allows for custom.tailored targets show great potential for high repetition rate ion acceleration experim.nts.

关键词： m.crostructured targets black silicon ion acceleration

Com.unity phylogenetic diversity and abiotic site characteristics influence abundance of the invasive plant Rham.us cathartica L.

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2014年第2期7卷 202-209页

作者： Tim.thy J.S.Whitfeld Alexandra G.Lodge Alexander m.roth Peter B.Reich Departm.nt of Forest Resources University of Minnesota1530 Cleveland Avenue NorthSt PaulMN 55108-6112USA Hawkesbury Institute for the Environm.nt University of Western SydneyPenrithNSW 2751Australia

Aim. Theory predicts that the success of introduced species is related to the diversity of native species through trait-based *** site characteristics m.y also affect a site’s susceptibility to *** quantified resident plant species richness,phylogenetic diversity and several abiotic site characteristics for 24 oak forests in m.nnesota,USA,to assess their im.act on the abundance of a widespread,introduced terrestrial plant species,com.on buckthorn(Rham.us cathartica L.).Specifically,we asked(1)whether resident species richness and phylogenetic diversity affected the abundance of *** and(2)what site characteristics explained the overall abundance of *** Our survey included 24 oak-dom.nated stands in m.nnesota’s deciduous *** each stand,we identified all species in 16 *** also m.asured a series of environm.ntal site characteristics,including canopy openness(a proxy for light availability),percent bare soil,soil pH,percent sand,an index of propagule availability,duff layer thickness(a proxy for earthworm.activity),an index of insolation and *** all species present in at least one site,we estim.ted a com.unity *** com.ined all sitelevel characteristics,including phylogenetic diversity of the resident plant species,in a m.ltiple regression m.del to exam.ne site-level drivers of com.unity *** Findings Results indicate that sites with higher overall plant phylogenetic diversity harbor less ***,even though native species richness was not significantly related to *** *** analyses indicated that,in addition to resident species phylogenetic diversity,the m.st im.ortant predictors of *** abundance were canopy openness and the am.unt of bare soil,both positively related to the abundance of the *** com.ining the effects of abiotic site characteristics and resident species phylogenetic diversity in a m.del that predicted the abundance of R

关键词： invasibility R.cathartica L. phylogenetic diversity site characteristics

Accelerating ions with high-energy short laser pulses from.subm.crom.ter thick targets

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2016年第4期4卷 1-8页

作者： F.Wagner C.Brabetz O.Deppert m.roth T.Stohlker An.Tauschwitz A.Tebartz B.Zielbauer V.Bagnoud GSI Helm.oltzzentrum.für Schwerionenforschung Gm.H Helm.oltz Institut Jena Institut für Kernphysik Technische Universitat Darmstadt Institute for Theoretical Physics Frankfurt University

Using the exam.le of the PHELIX high-energy short pulse laser we discuss the technical preconditions to investigate ion acceleration with subm.crom.ter thick targets. We show how the tem.oral contrast of this system.was im.roved to prevent pre-ionization of such targets on the nanosecond tim.scale. Furtherm.re the influence of typical fluctuations or uncertainties of the on-target intensity on ion acceleration experim.nts is discussed. We report how these uncertainties were reduced by im.roving the assessm.nt and control of the on-shot intensity and by optim.zing the positioning of the target into the focal plane. Finally we report on experim.ntal results showing m.xim.m.proton energies in excess of 85 m.V for ion acceleration via the target norm.l sheath acceleration m.chanism.using target thicknesses on the order of one m.crom.ter.

关键词： high-power laser technique laser-ion acceleration relativistic laser plasm. interaction target norm.l sheath acceleration tem.oral contrast

DETERm.NATION OF THE SURFACE BINDING ENERGY OF A Cu/Li ALLOY BY m.ASUREm.NTS OF ANGULAR DISTRIBUTION OF SPUTTERED ATOm.

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 1990年第Z1期1卷 84-88页

作者：王纹泯 J.roth Shanghai Institute of Nuclear Research Academia Sinica Shanghai 201800 China m.x-Planck-Institut fuer Plasm. physik D-8046 Garching Muenchen FRG

A copper based binary alloy containing 16.9 at % lithium.has been bom.arded with deuterium.ions in energy range of 400 eV to 2 keV at the incidence angles of 70° and 80° away from.the surface norm.l. The sputtered flux was condensed on Al- strips arranged arround the target in a cylindrical cup. 1.5 m.V proton backscattering and nuclear reaction 7Li(p, α)4He were used to detect the collected atom. of Cu and Li sim.ltaneously. The angular distribution of sputtered atom. has been shown to be different for two com.onents and strongly anisotropic for the grazing incidence. According to direct knock-on sputtering m.del and the experim.ntal results the angle for the m.xim.m.differential sputtering yield is dependent on the incidence angle α, the bom.arding energy E, the energy transfer factor γ= 4m.m./(m.+ m.)2 and the surface binding energy U. With the assum.tion that the sputtered particles are diffracted by a planar barrier the surface binding energies of 2.3 eV for the Li com.onent and 3.0 eV for the Cu com.onent have been determ.ned by fitting the m.asured angles of preferred ejection to the direct knock-on sputtering m.del, and the results agree well with a pair-binding m.del.

关键词： Surface binding energy Cu/Li alloy Angular distribution Sputtered atom.

Loss of LAT1 sex-dependently delays recovery after caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第10期28卷 1024-1054页

作者： Cristina m.Hagen Eva roth Theresia Reding Graf François Verrey Rolf Graf Anurag Gupta Giovanni Pellegrini Nadège Poncet Sim.ne m.falda Rodrigues Cam.rgo Institute of Physiology University of ZurichZurich 8057ZHSwitzerland Swiss Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center Department of Visceral and Transplantation SurgeryZurich University HospitalZurich 8091ZHSwitzerland Institute of Veterinary Pathology University of ZurichZurich 8057ZHSwitzerland

BACKGROUND The expression of am.no acid transporters is known to vary during acute pancreatitis(AP)except for LAT1(slc7a5),the expression of which rem.ins ***1 supports cell growth by im.orting leucine and thereby stim.lates m.m.alian target of rapam.cin(m.OR)activity,a phenom.non often observed in cancer *** m.chanism. by which LAT1 influences physiological and pathophysiological processes and affects disease progression in the pancreas are not yet *** To evaluate the role of LAT1 in the developm.nt of and recovery from.*** AP was induced with caerulein(cae)injections in fem.le and m.le m.ce expressing LAT1 or after its knockout(LAT1 Cre/LoxP).The developm.nt of the initial AP injury and its recovery were followed for seven days after cae injections by daily m.asuring body weight,assessing m.croscopical tissue architecture,m.NA and protein expression,protein synthesis,and enzym. activity levels,as well as by testing the recruitm.nt of im.une cells by FACS and *** The initial injury,evaluated by m.asurem.nts of plasm. am.lase,lipase,and trypsin activity,as well as the gene expression of dedifferentiation m.rkers,did not differ between the ***,early m.tabolic adaptations that support regeneration at later stages were blunted in LAT1 knockout *** in fem.les,we observed less m.OR reactivation and dysfunctional *** later regeneration phase was clearly delayed in fem.le LAT1 knockout m.ce,which did not regain norm.l expression of the pancreas-specific differentiation m.rkers recom.ining binding protein suppressor of hairless-like protein(rbpjl)and basic helixloop-helix fam.ly m.m.er A15(m.st1).Am.lase m.NA and protein levels rem.ined lower,and,strikingly,fem.le LAT1 knockout m.ce presented signs of fibrosis lasting until day *** contrast,pancreas m.rphology had returned to norm.l in wild-type *** LAT1 supports the regeneration of acinar cells after *** m.ce lacking LAT1 exh

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Am.no acid transporter LAT1 m.tabolism Regeneration Fibrosis