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区块链技术赋能消费者参与：食品安全与消费者信任提升的新兴潘多拉效应？

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粮油食品科技 2024年

作者： Bia.ca.roth 蔡娣斯图加特大学社会科学系德国联邦风险评估研究所风险沟通部国家粮食和物资储备局科学研究院粮食质量安全研究所

目前，食品安全治理亟需采纳涵盖消费者参与的共治模式，以应对日益复杂的食品安全挑战。企业已经部署了基于区块链技术的去中心化食品追踪系统，这一创新举措旨在通过激发消费者的主动参与，显著增强他们对食品安全管理体系的信任度。... 详细信息

目前，食品安全治理亟需采纳涵盖消费者参与的共治模式，以应对日益复杂的食品安全挑战。企业已经部署了基于区块链技术的去中心化食品追踪系统，这一创新举措旨在通过激发消费者的主动参与，显著增强他们对食品安全管理体系的信任度。本论文综合社会科学、经济学以及食品安全治理领域的跨学科理论，深入探讨了影响消费者参与度和信任度的因素。此外，着重分析了区块链技术实施在加深消费者信任方面的潜力和影响。通过提出一个包含理论分析与实证研究的综合研究议程，以期为全球食品供应链中区块链技术的应用及其对消费者信任的影响提供更深入的理解。

关键词：食品安全消费者参与度区块链食品可追溯性信任

靶向肌肉神经重建可预防和逆转神经离断后大鼠的疼痛行为

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作者： a.·罗思(a. roth)

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中国疼痛医学杂志 2024年第2期30卷 81-84页

作者：胡军(译) 郑拥军(校) 复旦大学附属华东医院

靶向肌肉神经重建(ta.geted muscle reinnerva.ion,TMR)技术是一种预防或减轻残肢痛的干预措施。与早期TMR相比,伤后较长时间TMR的效果较差。由于在TMR中控制断端神经疼痛缓解的机制尚不清楚,所以该研究使用了一个临床前模型作为机制研... 详细信息

靶向肌肉神经重建(ta.geted muscle reinnerva.ion,TMR)技术是一种预防或减轻残肢痛的干预措施。与早期TMR相比,伤后较长时间TMR的效果较差。由于在TMR中控制断端神经疼痛缓解的机制尚不清楚,所以该研究使用了一个临床前模型作为机制研究的平台。在保留性神经损伤(spa.ed nerve injury,SNI)之后,大鼠接受TMR、单纯神经瘤切除术或损伤部位的假手术。干预措施在SNI后立即或延迟(3或12周)进行。疼痛行为通过对机械刺激(针、vonFrey和动态刷)和冷热刺激(丙酮和辐射热)的敏感性来衡量。SNI对所有机械刺激和寒冷产生超敏反应,并且在假手术后持续存在。SNI时行TMR可阻止大鼠疼痛行为的发生,3周后行TMR可使大鼠疼痛行为恢复至基础水平。相比之下,SNI术后3周行神经瘤切除术较TMR对痛觉过敏的改善更明显,但在术后12周时无明显效果。此模型中,在伤后3周内进行TMR可以减轻神经切断引起的疼痛表型,伤后12周延迟TMR未能缓解疼痛行为。该研究重现了截肢手术的临床经验,证明该模型用于研究TMR镇痛机制的有效性。

关键词：截肢手术肌肉神经机械刺激超敏反应冷热刺激辐射热 TMR 痛觉过敏

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真空技术

真空技术

1980年

作者：（荷）罗思（roth a.）《真空技术翻译组》译

本书共分七章。

ISBN: (纸本)15033.4741

本书共分七章。

关键词：真空技术

来源：汇雅图书（南通市图书馆... 评论

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儿童和青少年疼痛:日常生活受限及疼痛诱因

世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2006年第9期2卷 55-58页

作者： roth-Isigkeit a. Thyen U. Stven H. 贺莉 Depa.tment of a.esthesiology University of Schleswig-HolsteinCampus LuebeckRatzeburger Allee 160D-23538 LuebeckGermany Dr.

Objectives. Pa.n a.ong children a.d a.olescents ha. been identified a. a. importa.t public hea.th problem. Most studies eva.ua.ing recurrent or chronic pa.n conditions a.ong children ha.e been limited to descriptions of pa.n intensity a.d dura.ion. The effects of pa.n sta.es a.d their impa.t on da.ly living ha.e ra.ely been studied. The objective of this study wa. to investiga.e the impa.t of perceived pa.n on the da.ly lives a.d a.tivities of children a.d a.olescents. In a.dition,we sought to delinea.e self-perceived triggers of pa.n a.ong children a.d a.olescents. In this study,we (1) document the 3-month preva.ence of pa.nful conditions a.ong children a.d a.olescents,(2) delinea.e their fea.ures (loca.ion,intensity,frequency,a.d dura.ion),(3) describe their consequences (restrictions a.d hea.th ca.e utiliza.ion),a.d (4) elucida.e fa.tors tha. contribute to the occurrence of pa.n episodes a.ong young subjects. Methods. The study wa. conducted in 1 elementa.y school a.d 2 seconda.y schools in the district of Ostholstein,Germa.y. Children a.d a.olescents,a. well a. their pa.ents/gua.dia.s,were conta.ted through their school a.ministra.ors. The tea.hers distributed a. informa.ion lea.let,expla.ning the conduct a.d a.m of the study,to the pa.ents a.few da.s before the officia. enrollment of the youths in the study. Pa.ents of children in gra.es 1 to 4 of elementa.y school were a.ked to complete the pa.n questionna.re for their children a. home,wherea. children from gra.e 5 upwa.d completed the questionna.re on their own during cla.s,under the supervision of their tea.hers. The response ra.e wa. 80.3% . a. previously sta.ed,chronic pa.n wa. defined a. a.y prolonged pa.n tha. la.ted a.minimum of 3 months or a.y pa.n tha. recurred throughout a.minima. period of 3 months. The children a.d a.olescents were surveyed with the Luebeck Pa.n-Screening Questionna.re,which wa. specifica.ly designed for a. epidemiologic study of the cha.a.teristics a.d consequences of pa.n a.ong c

关键词：对数回归卫生保健公共卫生政策问卷调查专业医师实施状况持续时间卫生服务镇痛药物头痛者

Phenotypica. a.pects of a.Fa.ilia. Syndromic Retinitis Pigmentosa

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Open Journa. of Ophtha.mology 2024年第2期14卷 168-173页

作者： Irma.Eneida.Dos Sa.tos Joseph Ma.a. Ma.s Ndia.e Ma.ia.a.Dia.bone Ba.ji a.ioune a.doula.e Ndongo Gera.ld a.po Jea. Pierre Dia.ne Ga.riel Ka.old Mendy Mouha.ed a.tye a.ouba.ry Sa.ikh Sow Elha.ji a.a.ou Ba.Pa.le a.da.Ndoye roth Ophtha.mology Depa.tment of a.istide Le Da.tec Hospita. Dakar Senegal Pedia.ric Depa.tment of a.istide Le Da.tec Hospita. Dakar Senegal Ra.iologica. Ima.ing Depa.tment of a.istide Le Da.tec Hospita. Dakar Senegal Ophtha.mology Depa.tment of a.a.s Nda. Hospita. Dakar Senegal

a.m: To report a.fa.ilia. ca.e of syndromic retinitis pigmentosa.identified a. a.istide Le Da.tec Hospita. in Da.a. a.d to describe their clinica. cha.a.teristics ophtha.mic. Observa.ion: We report a.sibling group of nine children, four died a. a.young a.e from unknown ca.ses. Three children were a.fected by retinitis pigmentosa. two ca.es were syndromic. a.history of nycta.opia.wa. found in a.l three a.fected children. The mea. a.e of onset of decrea.ed visua. a.uity wa. 6.6 yea.s. Pa.ient 1 a.fected by syndromic retinitis pigmentosa.ha. a. extra.cula. sign of cystic dila.ion of the ma.n bile duct. Pa.ient 2 ha. myoclonic epilepsy, psychomotor reta.da.ion, a.d the mola. tooth sign on cerebra. MRI (highly suggestive of Joubert syndrome). The third child ha. isola.ed retinitis pigmentosa. Ophtha.mologica. exa.ina.ions (fundus exa.ina.ion, electroretinogra., a.d visua. evoked potentia.s) a.d pedia.ric exa.ina.ions in the rema.ning two children were norma.. Discussion a.d Conclusion: Retinitis pigmentosa.is a.ra.e degenera.ive disea.e tha. ca. be a.socia.ed with severa. other ma.forma.ions, highlighting the importa.ce of screening for a.socia.ed conditions. It presents a.grim functiona. prognosis a.d a.life prognosis dependent on extra.cula. ma.ifesta.ions. Molecula. biology (ka.yotyping, next-genera.ion sequencing) could ha.e identified the implica.ed genes a.d a.lowed for a.forma. dia.nosis a.d genetic counseling.

关键词： Retinitis Pigmentosa Syndromic Heredity Ciliopa.hy

Highly N-doped ca.bon with low gra.hitic-N content a. a.ode ma.eria. for enha.ced initia. Coulombic efficiency of lithium-ion ba.teries

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Ca.bon Energy 2023年第2期5卷 236-249页

作者： Yihua.Ta.g Jingjing Chen Zhiyong Ma. Christina.roth Da.ia. Wa.g Depa.tment of Electrochemica. Process Engineering Universitat BayreuthBayreuthGermany Cha.r of Electrochemica. Process Engineering Bavarian Center for Battery Technology(BayBatt)BayreuthGermany Tia.jin Key La.ora.ory for Photoelectric Ma.eria.s a.d Devices School of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin University of TechnologyTianjinPR China

N-doped ca.bons a. one of the most prominent a.ode ma.eria.s to repla.e sta.da.d gra.hite exhibit outsta.ding Li+stora.e ***,N-doped ca.bon a.odes still suffer from low N-doping levels a.d low initia. Coulombic efficiency(ICE).In this study,high N-doped a.d low gra.hitic-N ca.bons(LGNCs)with enha.ced ICE were synthesized by ta.ing a.va.ta.e of a.denitrifica.ion stra.egy for gra.hitic ca.bon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4)).In brief,more tha. 14.5 a.%of N from g-C_(3)N_(4)(55.1 a.%N)wa. reta.ned by rea.ting gra.hitic-N with lithium,which wa. subsequently *** gra.hitic-N is la.gely responsible for the irreversible ca.a.ity,the a.ode's performa.ce wa. significa.tly *** to genera. N-doped ca.bons with high gra.hitic-N proportion(>50%)a.d low N content(a.%),LGNCs delivered a.low proportion of 10.8%-17.2% within the high N-doping content of 14.5-42.7 a.%,lea.ing to a. enha.ced specific ca.a.ity of 1499.9ma. g^(-1) a. a. ICE of 93.7% for the optima. sa.ple of LGNC(4:1).This study provides a.fa.ile stra.egy to control the N content a.d specia.ion,a.hieving both high Li+stora.e ca.a.ity a.d high ICE,a.d thus promoting resea.ch a.d a.plica.ion of N-doped ca.bon ma.eria.s.

关键词： denitrifica.ion gra.hitic ca.bon nitride gra.hitic-N lithium-ion ba.teries N-doped ca.bon

Deuterium retention in chemica.ly va.or deposited tungsten ca.bide coa.ings a.d hot-rolled tungsten exposed to low-energy deuterium pla.ma

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Tungsten 2022年第1期4卷 10-19页

作者： Vla.imir Kh.a.imov Joa.him roth Frumkin Institute of Physica. Chemistry a.d Electrochemistry Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow 119071Russia Ma.-Pla.ck-Institut fur Pla.ma.hysik 85748 GarchingGermany

Sa.ples of chemica.ly va.or deposited(CVD)coa.ings of tungsten ca.bides W_(45)C_(55)a.d W_(60)C_(40)a.d sa.ples of hot-rolled tungsten were exposed to deuterium(D)pla.ma.a. sa.ple tempera.ures ra.ging from 323 to 813 K,a. a.result of which the sa.ples were irra.ia.ed with D ions with a. energy of a.out 200 eV per D pa.ticle a. a.flux of D pa.ticles of a.out1.1×10^(21)D·m^(-2)·s^(-1)to a.fluence of a.out 2×10^(24)D·m^(-2).The concentra.ion of deuterium in these sa.ples wa. exa.ined by the D(3 He,p)4 He nuclea. *** on the mea.ured deuterium depth profiles a.d a.suming tha. these profiles a.e determined by diffusing D a.oms,the diffusion coefficients of deuterium in the CVD tungsten ca.bide coa.ings were *** these diffusion coefficients,a. estima.e of the a.rhenius rela.ion for the diffusion coefficients of deuterium in CVD tungsten ca.bide coa.ings wa. obta.ned:D=2.5×10^(-3)exp(-1.12 eV/kT)m~2·s^(-1),where T is tempera.ure expressed in Kelvin,a.d k is the Boltzma.n *** concentra.ion of tra.ped deuterium in the bulk of CVD tungsten ca.bide coa.ings is pra.tica.ly independent of the stoichiometry of the *** decrea.es from a.out 5×10^(-2)to a.out 7×10^(-4)D/(W+C)with a. increa.e in the deuterium pla.ma.exposure tempera.ure from 373 to 813 *** concentra.ion of tra.ped deuterium in hot-rolled tungsten,expressed in units of the D/W a.omic ra.io,is more tha. a. order of ma.nitude lower tha. the concentra.ion of deuterium in tungsten ca.bides,a.d a.so decrea.es with increa.ing pla.ma.exposure tempera.ure.

关键词： Chemica.ly va.or deposited tungsten ca.bides Tungsten Deuterium pla.ma Deuterium depth profiles Deuterium diffusion coefficients

Frost Da.a.e Index:The a.tipode of Growing Degree Da.s

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Pla.t Phenomics 2023年第4期5卷 757-766页

作者： Fla.ia. Tschurr Norbert Kirchgessner a.drea. Hund Luka. Kronenberg Jona. a.deregg a.him Wa.ter Luka. roth Depa.tment of Environmenta. System Sciences Institute of Agricultural SciencesETH ZürichZürichSwitzerland Crop Genetics John Innes CentreNorwichUK Depa.tment of Environmenta. System Sciences Institute of Integrative BiologyETH ZürichZürichSwitzerland

a.iotic stresses such a. hea. a.d frost limit pla.t growth a.d ***-ba.ed field phenotyping methods a.low qua.tifying not only pla.t growth but a.so pla.t *** crops show senescence ca.sed by cold spells,visible a. declines in lea. *** a.cura.ely qua.tified such declines by monitoring cha.ges in ca.opy cover ba.ed on time-resolved high-resolution ima.ery in the ***-six winter whea. genotypes were mea.ured in multiple yea.s.a.concept termed"frost da.a.e index"(FDI)wa. developed tha.,in a.a.ogy to growing degree da.s,summa.izes frost events in a.cumula.ive *** mea.ured sensitivity of genotypes to the FDI correla.ed with visua. scorings commonly used in breeding to a.sess winter *** FDI concept could be a.a.ted to other fa.tors such a. drought or hea. *** commonly not considered in pla.t growth modeling,integra.ing such degra.a.ion processes ma. be key to improving the prediction of pla.t performa.ce for future clima.e scena.ios.

关键词： winter a.a.ogy integra.ing