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Preoperative bowel preparation does not favor the management of colorectal anastomotic leak

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2019年第4期11卷 218-228页

作者： Konstantinos A Zorbas Daohai Yu Aruj Choudhry Howard M ross Matthew Philp Department of Surgery BronxCare Health System Department of Surgery Lewis Katz School of Medicine Temple University Department of Clinical Sciences Lewis Katz School of Medicine Temple University

BACKGROUND Controversy exists regarding the impact of preoperative bowel preparation on patients undergoing colorectal surgery. This is due to previous research studies,which fail to demonstrate protective effects of mechanical bowel preparation against postoperative complications. However, in recent studies, combination therapy with oral antibiotics(OAB) and mechanical bowel preparation seems to be beneficial for patients undergoing an elective colorectal *** To determine the association between preoperative bowel preparation and postoperative anastomotic leak management(surgical vs non-surgical).METHODS Patients with anastomotic leak after colorectal surgery were identified from the 2013 and 2014 Colectomy Targeted American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program(ACS-NSQIP) database and were employed for analysis. Every patient was assigned to one of three following groups based on the type of preoperative bowel preparation: first groupmechanical bowel preparation in combination with OAB, second groupmechanical bowel preparation alone, and third group-no *** A total of 652 patients had anastomotic leak after a colectomy from January 1,2013 through December 31, 2014. Baseline characteristics were assessed and found that there were no statistically significant differences between the three groups in terms of age, gender, race, American Society of Anesthesiologists score,and other preoperative characteristics. A χ~2 test of homogeneity was conducted and there was no statistically/clinically significant difference between the three categories of bowel preparation in terms of *** The implementation of mechanical bowel preparation and antibiotic use in patients who are going to undergo a colon resection does not influence the treatment of any possible anastomotic leakage.

关键词： Preoperative bowel preparation Preoperative mechanical bowel preparation Preoperative oral antibiotics Colorectal anastomotic leak Anastomotic leak Bowel preparation Colorectal surgery National Surgical Quality Improvement Program

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Effects of fertilization and herbicides on growth of young loblolly pine and infestations of Nantucket pine tip moth（Lepidoptera： Tortricidae）

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Insect Science 2005年第5期12卷 367-374页

作者： WILLIAM G. ross DAVID L. KULHAVY JIANG-HUA SUN School of Forestry Louisiana Tech University Ruston Louisiana Arthur Temple College of Forestry and Agriculture Stephen F. Austin State University Nacogdoches Texas USA State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

A 2-year-old pine plantation was selected to receive treatments of fertilizers and herbicides to evaluate effects on Nantucket pine tip moth infestations and the tree growth parameters of height, diameter and volume increment. Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, and hexazinone and sulfometuron methyl herbicides were used in creating six treatments：（i） control; （ii） phosphorus; （iii） nitrogen and phosphorus; （iv） phosphorus and herbicide; （v） nitrogen, phosphorus and herbicide; and （vi） herbicide. Treatments were applied in 1987 and 1988. In 1987, trees treated with nitrogen, phosphorus and herbicide had significantly greater height, diameter and volume growth than trees not receiving fertilizer treatments, but did not have significantly higher tip moth infestations than control trees. Treatments receiving phosphorus only had much lower tip moth infestation rates than other treatments except nitrogen and phosphorus. In 1988, tip moth infestations were uniformly low, with no differences in treatment effects observed.

关键词： fertilizers herbicides infestation rates Nantucket pine tip moth nitrogen phosphorus

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c-MET immunohistochemical expression in sporadic and inflammatory bowel disease associated lesions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第13期28卷 1338-1346页

作者： Grant Halliday ross J Porter Catherine J Black Mark J Arends Shahida Din Department of Pathology Western General HospitalNHS LothianScotland EH42XUUnited Kingdom Centre for Inflammation Research Queen’s Medical Research InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburgh EH164TJUnited Kingdom Edinburgh Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit Western General HospitalNHS LothianEdinburgh EH42XUUnited Kingdom Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre Institute of Cancer&GeneticsWestern General HospitalUniversity of EdinburghEdinburgh EH42XUUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer(CRC)rates for patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)are unacceptably *** colonoscopy,an intravenous fluorescent anti-c-MET probe may improve endoscopic detection of ***,c-MET expression in IBD lesions is poorly defined,limiting translational *** To comprehensively define c-MET expression in sporadic and IBD-associated colorectal *** c-MET expression was immunohistochemically assessed in 319 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue specimens,colonoscopically or surgically retrieved between *** included:30 normal colorectal biopsies,30 hyperplastic polyps(HP),31 sessile serrated lesions(SSL),55 tubular/tubulovillous adenomas with low(TA-LGD,n=32)or high grade dysplasia(TA-HGD,n=23),26 sporadic(s)-CRCs,16 quiescent IBD biopsies,11 active/inflamed IBD biopsies,18 IBDassociated dysplastic lesions(IBD-dys),and 102 *** was scored by two independent observers as:0=absent,1=weak,2=moderate or 3=***-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to assess *** Positive epithelial cytoplasmic and membranous c-MET expression was observed in all tissues,indicating there is ubiquitous expression in the colorectum.c-MET expression was weak in normal colonic epithelium compared with each of the sporadic colonic lesions,including TA-LGD(P<0.001),TA-HGD(P=0.004),HP(P<0.001),SSL(P<0.001),and s-CRC(P<0.001).Specifically,in sporadic(non-IBD)lesions,expression was stronger in TA-LGD compared with normal mucosa(P<0.001),and stronger in s-CRC compared with TA-HGD(P=0.004).However,there was no significant difference between TA-LGD and TA-HGD(P=0.852).Further,there was no difference in c-MET expression between HP and SSL(P=0.065).In IBD,expression was weaker in quiescent colonic mucosa compared with inflamed colonic mucosa(P<0.001).There was no difference between inflamed colonic mucosa and IBD-dys(P=0.512)or IBD-CRC(P=0.296).However,expression

关键词： Inflammatory bowel diseases Colorectal cancer Surveillance Detection c-MET Immunohistochemistry

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Dual-shell silicate and alumina coating for long lasting and high capacity lithium ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第5期31卷 314-323页

作者： Marcos Lucero tucker M.Holstun Yudong Yao Ryan Faase Maoyu Wang Alpha T.N’Diaye David P.Cann Joe Baio Junjing Deng Zhenxing Feng School of Chemical Biologicaland Environmental EngineeringOregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331United States Advanced Photon Source Argonne National LaboratoryArgonneIllinois 60439United States Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCalifornia 94720United States Materials Science School of MechanicalIndustrialand Manufacturing EngineeringOregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331United States

Here we demonstrate a theory-driven, novel dual-shell coating system of Li_(2)SrSiO_(4) and Al_(2)O_(3), achieved via a facile and scalable sol-gel technique on LiCoO_(2) electrode particles. The optimal thickness of each coating can lead to increased specific capacity(~185 m Ah/g at 0.5 C-rate) at a cut-off potential of 4.5 V, and greater cycling stability at very high C rates(up to 10 C) in half-cells with lithium metal. The mechanism of this superior performance was investigated using a combination of X-ray and electron characterization methods. It shows that the results of this investigation can inform future studies to identify still better dual-shell coating schemes, achieved by such industrially feasible techniques, for application on similar, nickel-rich cathode materials.

关键词： Lithium cobalt oxide Surface coating Sol-gel Silicate Alumina X-ray absorption spectroscopy

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Formal methods, statistical debugging and exploratory analysis in support of system development: Towards a verification and validation calculator tool

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2016年第1期7卷 120-141页

作者： Saikou Y.Diallo ross Gore Christopher J.Lynch Jose J.Padilla Virginia Modeling Analysis and Simulation Center Old Dominion University 1030 University Blvd.SuffolkVA 23435USA

In this paper,we propose an approach to formally verify and rigorously validate a simulation system against the specification of the real *** implement the approach in a verification and validation calculator tool that takes as input a set of statements that capture the requirements,internal conditions of the system and expected outputs of the real system and produces as output whether the simulation satisfies the requirements,faithfully represents the internal conditions of the system and produces the expected *** provide a use case to show how subject matter experts can apply the tool.

关键词： Verification and validation formal methods modeling and simulation

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Temporal changes in physiological and performance responses across game-specific simulated basketball activity

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第2期7卷 176-182页

作者： Aaron T.Scanlan Jordan L.Fox Nattai R.Borges Patrick S.tucker Vincent J.Dalbo Human Exercise and Training Laboratory Central Queensland University Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory Central Queensland University School of Medical and Applied Sciences Central Queensland University

Purpose: The aims of this study were to:(1) provide a comprehensive physiological profile of simulated basketball activity and(2) identify temporal changes in player responses in controlled ***: State-level male basketball players(n = 10) completed 4 × 10 min simulated quarters of basketball activity using a reliable and valid courtbased test. A range of physiological(ratings of perceived exertion, blood lactate concentration([BLa~—]), blood glucose concentration([BGlu]), heart rate(HR), and hydration) and physical(performance and fatigue indicators for sprint, circuit, and jump activity) measures were collected across ***: Significantly reduced [BLa~—](6.19 ± 2.30 vs. 4.57 ± 2.33 mmol/L; p = 0.016) and [BGlu](6.91 ± 1.57 vs. 5.25 ± 0.81 mmol/L;p = 0.009) were evident in the second half. A mean HR of 180.1 ± 5.7 beats/min(90.8% ± 4.0% HR max) was observed, with a significant increase in vigorous activity(77%—95% HR max)(11.31 ± 6.91 vs. 13.50 ± 6.75 min; p = 0.024) and moderate decrease in near-maximal activity(>95% HR_(max))(7.24 ± 7.45 vs. 5.01 ± 7.20 min) in the second half. Small increases in performance times accompanied by a significantly lower circuit decrement(11.67% ± 5.55% vs. 7.30% ± 2.16%; p = 0.032) were apparent in the second ***: These data indicate basketball activity imposes higher physiological demands than previously thought and temporal changes in responses might be due to adapted pacing strategies as well as fatigue-mediated mechanisms.

关键词： Cardiovascular Game-play Hydration Rating of perceived exertion Simulation Team sports

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Trial by Fire： The Eastern Ordination of Stephen Dedalus

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Journalism and Mass Communication 2014年第7期4卷 457-467页

作者： Wallace ross Lewis University Romeoville USA

Section five of James Joyce＇s A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is designed, among other things, to dramatize a young poet＇s ascension to the rank of ＂priest of art,＂ Where Stephen had previously contemplated being a Catholic priest, he now decides to embrace the world girdling Catholicity of global culture and its full range of spiritual traditions. To show how Stephen becomes a priest of art, Joyce has Stephen face three challengers in the form of MacCann, Davin, and Cranly, who all upbraid Dedalus to abandon his apostasy and conform. These three all try to tempt Dedalus away from his devotion to his individuality and personal integrity, and are analogues to the temptations faced by the Buddha on the eve of his enlightenment under the Bo tree. The Buddha faced Kama, the God of Desire; Mara, the Lord of death; and Dharma, who represents Duty. Stephen faces the temptations of social activism （and its attendant ego inflation） in the form of MacCann, a self-destructive Irish Nationalism in the figure of Davin and finally his obligation to his parochial and demanding family as represented by Cranly＇s arguments. Cranly （Dharma） even enjoins Stephen explicitly to make his Easter duty. These are dangerous distractions which can all keep Stephen from his goal, which is the Nibbana of artistic achievement. When Stephen triumphs over these three tempters he has come through the fire of self-doubt and is ready for his larger fate as an artist.

关键词： Buddha triumph art parochial

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基于会话的安全、鲁棒共享控制方法(英文)

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软件学报 2004年第12期15卷 1764-1775页

作者： Bernd Krieg-Brckner Robert J ross BISS BremenInstituteforSafeSystemsGermanyBISSBremenInstituteforSafeSystemsGermany

在共享控制系统中,比如智能服务机器人,操作员和自动化专门系统相互配合,共同控制.有效的共享控制需要复杂的系统体系结构,该结构可以提供安全鲁棒的运行,提供对用户友好的界面.满足这两项需求是一个不寻常的任务.介绍了解决这些问题的... 详细信息

在共享控制系统中,比如智能服务机器人,操作员和自动化专门系统相互配合,共同控制.有效的共享控制需要复杂的系统体系结构,该结构可以提供安全鲁棒的运行,提供对用户友好的界面.满足这两项需求是一个不寻常的任务.介绍了解决这些问题的方法.首先给出一个以会话为中心采用面向代理编程和形式化方法的认知控制体系结构.采用混成设计的SharC认知控制体系结构,可以区分协同代理群体中每一个遥控设备的控制.安全性对共享控制系统来说是极为重要的,因此这种体系结构必须能够保证较高的安全性.最后,描述了作为控制系统核心的形式化建模会话管理器,通过示范平台中自动轮椅的例子说明这些不同的软件范例的应用.

关键词：共享控制认知控制体系结构面向代理编程形式化方法混成设计

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Investigation of the Characteristics of the 2008 Wenchuan and 2013 Lushan Earthquakes and Their Relationship

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地质学报 2013年第S1期 6-7页

作者： LIN Jian Shinji TODA ross S.STEIN Mustapha MEGHRAOUI Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Tohoku University U.S.Geological Survey EOST-Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg

This presentation illustrates the characteristics of the 2008 Wenchuan and 2013 Lushan earthquakes, investigates their stress interaction, and discusses the implications on regional seismicity rate changes. In 2008, we calculated that the 12 May 2008 Mw=7.9 Wenchuan earthquake has increased Coulomb failure stress on adjacent major fault systems, including the ends of the 2008 Longmen Shan rupture,

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EasySVM: A visual analysis approach for open-box support vector machines

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Computational Visual Media 2017年第2期3卷 161-175页

作者： Yuxin Ma Wei Chen Xiaohong Ma Jiayi Xu Xinxin Huang ross Maciejewski Anthony K.H.Tung State Key Lab of CAD&CG Zhejiang University Arizona State University National University of Singapore

Support vector machines(SVMs) are supervised learning models traditionally employed for classification and regression analysis. In classification analysis, a set of training data is chosen, and each instance in the training data is assigned a categorical class. An SVM then constructs a model based on a separating plane that maximizes the margin between different classes. Despite being one of the most popular classification models because of its strong performance empirically, understanding the knowledge captured in an SVM remains difficult. SVMs are typically applied in a black-box manner where the details of parameter tuning, training, and even the final constructed model are hidden from the users. This is natural since these details are often complex and difficult to understand without proper visualization tools. However, such an approach often brings about various problems including trial-and-error tuning and suspicious users who are forced to trust these models *** contribution of this paper is a visual analysis approach for building SVMs in an open-box *** goal is to improve an analyst's understanding of the SVM modeling process through a suite of visualization techniques that allow users to have full interactive visual control over the entire SVM training *** visual exploration tools have been developed to enable intuitive parameter tuning, training datamanipulation, and rule extraction as part of the SVM training process. To demonstrate the efficacy of our approach, we conduct a case study using a real-world robot control dataset.

关键词： support vector machines(SVMs) rule extraction visual classification high-dimensional visualization visual analysis

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