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Symptom presentation and evolution in the first 48 hours after injury are associated with return to play after concussion in elite Rugby Union

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 387-397页

作者： ross Tucker Matt Cross Keith Stokes Lindsay Starling Rosy Hyman Simon Kemp Stephen West Martin Raftery Eanna Falvey James Brown Institute of Sport and Exercise Medicine(ISEM) Department of ExerciseUniversity of StellenboschTygerberg 7505South Africa World Rugby Ltd. Dublin D02 AE93Ireland Premiership Rugby London SW1V 1PXUK Centre for Health and Injury and Illness Prevention in SportUniversity of BathClaverton Down BA27AYUK UK Collaborating Centre on Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport(UKCCIIS) University of BathClaverton Down BA27AYUK Rugby Football Union London TW27BAUK London School of Tropical Medicine London WC1E 7HTUK Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgary T2N 1N4Canada department of Medicine School of Medicine and HealthUniversity College CorkCork T12 EC8PIreland Carnegie Applied Rugby Research(CARR)centre Carnegie School of SportLeeds Beckett UniversityLeeds LS63QSUK

Background:Return to play(RTP)in elite rugby is managed using a 6-stage graduated RTP protocol,which can result in clearance to play within 1 week of *** aimed to explore how symptom,cognitive,and balance presentation and evolution during concussion screens 2 h(head injury assessment(HIA2)and 48 h(HIA3)after injury were associated with time to RTP)to identify whether a more conservative graduated RTP may be ***:A retrospective cohort study was conducted in 380 concussed rugby players from elite men’s rugby over 3 consecutive *** were classified as shorter or longer returns,depending on whether RTP occurred within 7 days(allowing them to be considered to play the match 1 week after injury)or longer than 8 days,***,cognitive,and balance performance during screens was assessed relative to baseline(normal or abnormal)and to the preceding screen(improving or worsening).Associations between sub-test abnormalities and RTP time were explored using odds ratios(OR,longer ***).Median day absence was compared between players with abnormal or worsening results and those whose results were normal or ***:Abnormal symptom results during screens 2 h and 48 h after concussion were associated with longer return time(HIA2:OR=2.21,95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.39-3.50;HIA3:OR=3.30,95%CI:1.89-5.75).Worsening symptom number or severity from the time of injury to 2 h and 48 h post-injury was associated with longer return(HIA2:OR=2.49,95%CI:1.36-4.58;HIA3:OR=3.34,95%CI:1.10-10.15).Median days absence was greater in players with abnormal symptom results at both HIA2 and *** and balance performance were not associated with longer return and did not affect median days ***:Symptom presentation and evolution within 48 h of concussion were associated with longer RTP *** may guide a more conservative approach to RTP,while still adhering to individualized concussion management principles.

关键词： Brain injury Concussion management General return to play Medical management

Transcriptional reprogramming during human osteoclast differentiation identifies regulators of osteoclast activity

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 180-198页

作者： Morten S.hansen Kaja Madsen Maria Price Kent Søe Yasunori Omata Mario M.Zaiss Caroline M.Gorvin Morten Frost Alexander Rauch Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory(KMEB) Department of EndocrinologyOdense University HospitalDK-5000 Odense CDenmark department of Clinical Research Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Southern DenmarkDK-5000 Odense CDenmark Clinical Cell Biology Pathology Research UnitDepartment of Clinical ResearchUniversity of Southern DenmarkDK-5000 Odense CDenmark Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research(IMSR)and Centre for diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism(CEDAM)University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK Centre for Membrane Proteins and Receptors(COMPARE) Universities of Birmingham and NottinghamBirmingham B152TTUK department of Molecular Medicine University of Southern DenmarkDK-5000 Odense CDenmark department of Orthopedic Surgery Faculty of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyo 113-8655Japan department of Internal Medicine 3 Rheumatology and ImmunologyFriedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)and Universitätsklinikum ErlangenD-91054 ErlangenGermany deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie(dZI) Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum ErlangenD-91054 ErlangenGermany Steno diabetes Center Odense Odense University HospitalDK-5000 Odense CDenmark

Enhanced osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast activity contribute to the development of osteoporosis,which is characterized by increased bone resorption and inadequate bone *** novel antiosteoporotic therapeutics are needed,understanding the genetic regulation of human osteoclastogenesis could help identify potential treatment *** study aimed to provide an overview of transcriptional reprogramming during human osteoclast *** were differentiated from Cd14+monocytes from eight female *** sequencing during differentiation revealed 8980 differentially expressed genes grouped into eight temporal patterns conserved across *** patterns revealed distinct molecular functions associated with postmenopausal osteoporosis susceptibility genes based on RNA from iliac crest biopsies and bone mineral density *** analyses revealed mutual dependencies between temporal expression patterns and provided insight into subtype-specific transcriptional *** donor-specific expression patterns revealed genes at the monocyte stage,such as filamin B(FLNB)and oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1(OLR1,encoding LOX-1),that are predictive of the resorptive activity of mature *** expression of differentially expressed G-protein coupled receptors was strong during osteoclast differentiation,and these receptors are associated with bone mineral density SNPs,suggesting that they play a pivotal role in osteoclast differentiation and *** regulatory effects of three differentially expressed G-protein coupled receptors were exemplified by in vitro pharmacological modulation of complement 5 A receptor 1(C5AR1),somatostatin receptor 2(SSTR2),and free fatty acid receptor 4(FFAR4/GPR120).Activating C5AR1 enhanced osteoclast formation,while activating SSTR2 decreased the resorptive activity of mature osteoclasts,and activating FFAR4 decreased both the number and resorptive activity of mature *** conclus

关键词： osteoclast programming identif

Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium breve alleviate neonatal maternal separation induced visceral hypersensitivity and non-spatial memory impairment in rats by the NGF/TrkA pathway

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Chi Chen Bowen Li Mengfan ding Huizhen Li Jianxin Zhao R.Paul ross Catherine Stanton Wei Chen Bo Yang State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources Jiangnan University School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University International Joint Research Center for Probiotics & Gut Health Jiangnan University APC Microbiome Ireland University College Cork Teagasc Food Research Centre Moorepark National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food Jiangnan University

Irritable bowel syndrome-diarrhea （IBS-d） is a prevalent functional bowel disease severely impairs the quality of life of patients. Visceral hypersensitivity （VH） is the main symptom of IBS-d. Probiotics have been found to effectively alleviate VH. In this study， neonatal maternal separation （NMS） was used to induce VH in 72 rats and investigated the effects of daily gavage of 3*109CFU of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium on alleviating the symptoms of IBS-d and behavioral interventions， as well as exploring potential mechanisms. The results demonstrated that Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium breve could alleviate the symptoms of IBS-d such as VH and increased frequency of bowel movements， as well as improving non-spatial memory in NMS rats. These effects were achieved by modulating the composition of gut microbiota and metabolites （including short-chain fatty acids， deoxycholic acid and adenosine）， and by regulating the expression of genes and proteins associated with the NGF/TrkA signaling pathway， tryptophan metabolism， and inflammatory factors in the hippocampus. This finding suggests that Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium breve have promising potential for the alleviation of IBS.

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Bifidobacterium breve CCFM1078 regulates bone development in growing BALB/c mice via gut microbiota and metabolites to balance bone formation and resorption

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Bowen Li Mengfan ding Xiaoming Liu Haiqin Chen Jianxin Zhao R.Paul ross Catherine Stanton Shilong Jiang Wei Chen Bo Yang Nutrition and Metabolism Research division Innovation Center Heilongjiang Feihe dairy Co. Ltd. National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food Jiangnan University State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University PKUHSC-China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan development APC Microbiome Ireland University College Cork School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University International Joint Research Center for Probiotics & Gut Health Jiangnan University Teagasc Food Research Centre

This study endeavors to investigate the effects of Bifidobacterium breve CCFM1078 on bone formation and resorption balance in growing BALB/c mice. Newborn BALB/c mice were assigned to the control group (administration saline) and the CCFM1078 group (administration B. breve CCFM1078， 3 × 109CFU/day) in 3-， 4-， and 5-week tests. All the groups have male and female distinctions. Our findings demonstrate that B. breve CCFM1078 exerts on the dynamic equilibrium between bone formation and resorption during the critical period of growth in mice by modulating the composition of gut microbiota and metabolites (hexadecanamide， linoleoyl ethanolamide， and palmitoyl ethanolamide)， the genes and proteins expression related to the GH/IGF-1 axis and Gs/PKA/CREB signaling pathways， as well as downstream osteogenic and osteoclastic differentiation factors. The effects of B. breve CCFM1078 were different with age and gender dependent. This finding suggests B. breve CCFM1078 may have potential applications in regulating bone metabolism in the growth period population.

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Trajectory sampling and finite-size effects in first-principles stopping power calculations

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 238-246页

作者： Alina Kononov Thomas W.Hentschel Stephanie B.hansen Andrew d.Baczewski Center for Computing Research Sandia National LaboratoriesAlbuquerqueNMUSA School of Applied&Engineering Physics Cornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA Pulsed Power Sciences Center Sandia National LaboratoriesAlbuquerqueNMUSA

Real-time time-dependent density functional theory(TddFT)is presently the most accurate available method for computing electronic stopping powers from first ***,obtaining application-relevant results often involves either costly averages over multiple calculations or ad hoc selection of a representative ion *** consider a broadly applicable,quantitative metric for evaluating and optimizing trajectories in this *** methodology enables rigorous analysis of the failure modes of various common trajectory choices in crystalline *** randomly selecting trajectories is common practice in stopping power calculations in solids,we show that nearly 30%of random trajectories in an FCC aluminum crystal will not representatively sample the material over the time and length scales feasibly simulated with TddFT,and unrepresentative choices incur errors of up to 60%.We also show that finite-size effects depend on ion trajectory via“ouroboros”effects beyond the prevailing plasmon-based interpretation,and we propose a cost-reducing scheme to obtain converged results even when expensive core-electron contributions preclude large *** work helps to mitigate poorly controlled approximations in first-principles stopping power calculations,allowing 1–2 order of magnitude cost reductions for obtaining representatively averaged and converged results.

关键词： size prevailing selecting

不同条件下纳米晶α-Zr蠕变行为的分子动力学模拟

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金属学报 2024年第5期60卷 699-712页

作者：孟子凯孟智超高长源郭辉陈汉森陈刘涛徐东生杨锐中国科学院金属研究所沈阳110016 中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳110016 中广核研究院有限公司深圳518031

为理解锆合金在核反应堆中的辐照损伤及蠕变的微观电子机制,本工作利用分子动力学方法对α-Zr纳米晶在高温、辐照等不同条件下的拉伸蠕变过程进行了模拟。结果表明:温度、应力、辐照和晶粒尺寸会影响纳米晶α-Zr的蠕变行为,升高温度、... 详细信息

为理解锆合金在核反应堆中的辐照损伤及蠕变的微观电子机制,本工作利用分子动力学方法对α-Zr纳米晶在高温、辐照等不同条件下的拉伸蠕变过程进行了模拟。结果表明:温度、应力、辐照和晶粒尺寸会影响纳米晶α-Zr的蠕变行为,升高温度、增大应力和细化晶粒均会促进蠕变过程的进行。蠕变后体系的微观组织发生显著变化,部分晶粒随蠕变的变形过程而长大,另一些晶粒则逐渐缩小甚至消失。变形过程中晶格畸变逐渐向晶粒内部传递,使体系内原有的有序hcp结构受到影响而有序度降低。模拟结果分析发现,晶界迁移是纳米晶α-Zr在稳态蠕变过程中的主要变形机制,升高温度和增大应力水平会使晶界宽化,并促进组织演变。模拟不同能量粒子辐照后,体系中产生大量点缺陷,其扩散对蠕变有一定贡献,且这些缺陷最终汇集于晶界处,可提高晶界可动性。增大辐照能量可加大产生辐照缺陷的数量和尺寸,对蠕变过程起到更大的促进作用。

关键词：纳米晶 α-Zr 分子动力学结构演化蠕变机制

damage Curves derived from Hurricane Ike in the West of Galveston Bay Based on Insurance Claims and Hydrodynamic Simulations

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International Journal of disaster Risk Science 2023年第6期14卷 932-946页

作者： Chaoran Xu Benjamin T.Nelson-Mercer Jeremy d.Bricker Meri davlasheridze Ashley d.ross Jianjun Jia State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research School of Marine SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA department of Marine and Coastal Environmental Science Texas A&M University at GalvestonGalvestonTX 77553USA Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences Delft University of Technology2628 CN DelftThe Netherlands

Hurricane Ike,which struck the United States in September 2008,was the ninth most expensive hurricane in terms of *** caused nearly USd 30 billion in damage after making landfall on the Bolivar Peninsula,*** used the delft3dFM/SWAN hydrodynamic and spectral wave model to simulate the storm surge inundation around Galveston Bay during Hurricane *** curves were established through the relationship between eight hydrodynamic parameters(water depth,flow velocity,unit discharge,flow momentum flux,significant wave height,wave energy flux,total water depth(flow depth plus wave height),and total(flow plus wave)force)simulated by the model and National Flood Insurance Program(NFIP)insurance damage *** NFIP insurance database contains a large amount of building damage data,building stories,and elevation,as well as other information from the Ike *** found that the damage curves are sensitive to the model grid resolution,building elevation,and the number of *** also found that the resulting damage functions are steeper than those developed for residential structures in many other locations.

关键词： delft3d-FM Flood risk Hurricane Ike Residential damage ratio SWAN Weibull function

单颗金刚石磨粒划擦2d SiC_(f)/SiC复合材料实验

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金刚石与磨料磨具工程 2024年第3期44卷 335-345页

作者：王优哲刘瑶周扬李家豪黎瀚森中北大学机械工程学院太原030051 密歇根大学机械工程系美国安娜堡48105

为了揭示2d SiC_(f)/SiC复合材料的磨削去除机理,根据2d SiC_(f)/SiC复合材料的编织结构特点,分别在2d SiC_(f)/SiC纤维的编织表面(woven surface,WS)和叠加表面(stacking surface,SS)沿0°、45°和90°方向开展单颗金刚石磨粒划擦实验... 详细信息

为了揭示2d SiC_(f)/SiC复合材料的磨削去除机理,根据2d SiC_(f)/SiC复合材料的编织结构特点,分别在2d SiC_(f)/SiC纤维的编织表面(woven surface,WS)和叠加表面(stacking surface,SS)沿0°、45°和90°方向开展单颗金刚石磨粒划擦实验,测量其划擦力和划痕深度,并观察划痕表面形貌。结果表明:在WS0(纤维编织表面的0°方向)上SiC_(f)/SiC材料的去除方式主要为纵向纤维(纤维轴向与进给速度方向一致)的剪切、拉伸、弯曲断裂和横向纤维(纤维轴向与进给速度方向垂直)的剪切、弯曲断裂;在WS45(纤维编织表面的45°方向)上主要为纤维的剪切、弯曲、拉伸断裂;在SS0(纤维叠加表面的0°方向)上主要为法向纤维(纤维轴向垂直于划擦表面)的延性去除、剪切、弯曲断裂,纵向纤维的剪切、拉伸、弯曲断裂;在SS90(纤维叠加表面的90°方向)上主要为法向纤维的延性去除、剪切、弯曲断裂和横向纤维的剪切、弯曲、拉伸断裂。由于SiC纤维的各向异性,不同方向、不同断裂形式有不同的力学性能,剪切断裂所需要的力最小,拉伸断裂所需要的力最大。在相同划擦深度下,因WS0、WS45、SS0、SS90方向上断裂形式的不同和剪切、弯曲、拉伸断裂所占的比例不同,其划擦力大小依次为FSS0>FWS45>FSS90>FWS0。且磨粒切入复合材料后随着裂纹的扩展和相互贯通,SiC基体会一起被剥离去除,部分基体受到挤压去除后再次被磨粒划擦去除形成延性划痕。2d SiC_(f)/SiC复合材料切削时宜选择WS0方向,而尽量避开SS0方向。

关键词：单颗金刚石磨粒划擦 SiC_(f)/SiC复合材料纤维取向划擦力表面形貌

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Sclerostin antibody improves alveolar bone quality in the Hyp mouse model of X-linked hypophosphatemia

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International Journal of Oral Science 2023年第4期15卷 640-648页

作者： Kelsey A.Carpenter delia O.Alkhatib Bryan A.dulion Elizabeth Guirado Shreya Patel Yinghua Chen Anne George Ryan d.ross department of Anatomy&Cell Biology Rush University Medical CenterChicagoILUSA department of Oral Biology The University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoILUSA department of Orthopedic Surgery Rush University Medical CenterChicagoILUSA department of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity Rush University Medical CenterChicagoILUSA

X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is a rare disease of elevated fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) production that leads tohypophosphatemia and impaired mineralization of bone and teeth. The clinical manifestations of XLH include a high prevalence ofdental abscesses and periodontal disease, likely driven by poorly formed structures of the dentoalveolar complex, including thealveolar bone, cementum, dentin, and periodontal ligament. Our previous studies have demonstrated that sclerostin antibody (SclAb) treatment improves phosphate homeostasis, and increases long bone mass, strength, and mineralization in the Hyp mousemodel of XLH. In the current study, we investigated whether Scl-Ab impacts the dentoalveolar structures of Hyp mice. Male andfemale wild-type and Hyp littermates were injected with 25 mg·kg−1 of vehicle or Scl-Ab twice weekly beginning at 12 weeks of ageand euthanized at 20 weeks of age. Scl-Ab increased alveolar bone mass in both male and female mice and alveolar tissue mineraldensity in the male mice. The positive effects of Scl-Ab were consistent with an increase in the fraction of active(nonphosphorylated) β-catenin, dentin matrix protein 1 (dMP1) and osteopontin stained alveolar osteocytes. Scl-Ab had no effecton the mass and mineralization of dentin, enamel, acellular or cellular cementum. There was a nonsignificant trend towardincreased periodontal ligament (PdL) attachment fraction within the Hyp mice. Additional PdL fiber structural parameters were notaffected by Scl-Ab. The current study demonstrates that Scl-Ab can improve alveolar bone in adult Hyp mice.

关键词： alveolar impaired elevated