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Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder among the Adolescents Reside in Padang’s Prone Earthquake Area in West Sumatera, Indonesia

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Health 2017年第9期9卷 1301-1312页

作者： Firdawati rosnah sutan Department of Community Health Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

The prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among the adolescents after earthquakes is not commonly reported in Indonesia. However, symptoms of PTSD such as loss of concentration, re-experiencing, avoidance and numbing commonly presented to the medical staffs even two years after 30th September of 2009 which was the worst earthquakes in Indonesia. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between individual characteristics, family status and cognitive factors (coping strategies and self-efficacy) with PTSD among adolescents in earthquake prone areas. Padang, West Sumatera was chosen after the occurrence of the earthquake on 30th September 2009. A cross sectional study was conducted on randomly selected 600 adolescents using revised University of California, Los Angeles Reaction Index (UCLA-RI) questionnaire to measure PTSD, levels of trauma and coping strategies. The result showed that the prevalence of PTSD among adolescents aged 12 - 18-year-old at 32 months after the earthquake was 36%. The adolescents’ age (p < 0.01), gender (p < 0.01), coping strategies (p = 0.04) and self-efficacy (p = 0.02) were significantly associated with the PTSD. Parental status, family income and parents’ education status were found not related to PTSD. Parents and school teachers must be alerted on the important of adolescents’ physical and mental health screening post traumatic disaster such as earthquake even though adolescents are well known of fit and healthy group. Good coping strategies and having strong self-efficacy were found useful tool to buffer and reduce the occurrence of PTSD.

关键词： Earthquake PTSD Adolescents Coping Strategies and Self-Efficacy

Intensive Lifestyle Counselling Intervention: Preventing Maternal Risk for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2016年第5期6卷 268-279页

作者： Noraliza Radzali rosnah sutan Community Health Department Medical Faculty Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

This study is aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an intensive lifestyle counselling (ILC) designed to prevent gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among high risk mothers. A quasi-experimental trial was conducted in four selected health clinics (two clinics for intervention and two clinics for control) in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. Of the 320 subjects recruited, 148 respondents in the intervention group and 150 respondents in the control group had completed the study (response rate 93.1%). The intervention group was given a routine antenatal care (RC) and a package of structured ILC sessions on diet, physical activity (PA) and information on appropriate gestational weight gain (GWG) in five routine antenatal care visits until 39 weeks’ gestation. The controls received only the RC. Both groups are comparable for sociodemographic characteristics (p < 0.05). GDM incidence is higher in control group (16.7%) compared to intervention group (6.1%), p = 0.046. After controlling the covariates, the intervention group consistently showed protective for developing GDM, (aOR: 0.25, CI: 0.18 - 0.23, p = 0.003). The intervention group had significantly increased in PA (moderate intensity) mean score (660.3 ± 289.4 Met/min) compared to control group (571.36 ± 230.38 Met/min), F(1, 296) = 10.418, p < 0.001 and comply to dietary recommendation (50.7% in intervention versus 16.7% in control), p < 0.001. Total GWG significantly lesser in intervention (11.4 ± 2.5 Kg) than the control group (12.7 ± 2.9 Kg), p < 001. An ILC can reduce GDM incidence, by increasing PA, increase compliance to the dietary intake recommendation and lesser total GWG among high risk mothers.

关键词： Lifestyle Counselling GDM Physical Activity Dietary Intake Gestational Weight Gain

The Effects of Short Health Messages Intervention in Improving Knowledge and Attitude on Sexual and Reproductive Health among Late Adolescents at Colleges in Malaysia

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2018年第8期8卷 207-228页

作者： Firdaus Ujang rosnah sutan Department of Community Health Medical Faculty Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Sexual and reproductive health problems among adolescents are increasing in trend. Inadequate knowledge of sexual and reproductive health is the main cause of problems in sexual and reproductive health. Short messages service (SMS) intervention has been implemented widely in health education and the outcomes are positive. Hence, this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of mobile phone messaging in improving sexual and reproductive health among late adolescents (age 18 - 19 years old). A quasi-experimental study was conducted in two Professional Vocasional Colleges in Malaysia. A total of 116 respondents in the intervention group and 130 respondents in the control group had completed the study. There was a series of 24 messages (SMS) sent to the respondents biweekly for 12 weeks. The adolescent girls (mean knowledge score 15.90, sd ± 3.321) in the intervention group had a significantly (P = 0.007) higher mean score in knowledge of sexual and reproductive health than boys (mean knowledge score 13.87, sd ± 4.003) at post intervention. The adolescent boys (mean knowledge scores 15.35, sd ± 4.748) in the control group had a significantly (P = 0.009) higher mean score for knowledge on HIV/AIDS than girls (mean scores 13.08, sd ± 4.325) at post intervention. In the intervention group, the number of respondents with good knowledge and good attitude on HIV/AIDS increased at 3 months post intervention. SMS intervention on knowledge of sexual and reproductive health for adolescents was accepted and effectively improved the knowledge scores and sustained even after 3 months post intervention. Therefore, the SMS intervention should be implemented as an intervention package to improve knowledge and reduce risk in developing sexual and health related problems among adolescents.

关键词： Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health SMS Intervention College

Parenting Skills Determinant in Preventing Adolescents’ Sexual Health Risk Behavior

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2017年第1期7卷 1-13页

作者： rosnah sutan Aimi Nazri Mahat Department of Community Health Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Parenting skill is one of the crucial needs that parents must have in caring adolescents’ sexual health risk behavior. Present study aims to determine predictors of parenting skills in preventing adolescents’ sexual health risk behavior. A cross sectional study was conducted among adolescents’ parents who attended government health clinics in a semi-urban district, West Malaysia. Data were collected by systematic random sampling using validated questionnaire from eight government health clinics based on routine daily out-patient services. There were 386 respondents participated with 98.9% of response rate. Parental skill is categorized as appropriate or inappropriate based on Trans-Theoretical Model (TTM) staging. Eighteen independent variables were used: parental socioeconomic status, adolescent characteristic, parenting style, parent-adolescent communication, parental stress, perception on adolescent sexual risk, comfortable in discussing sexual issues, knowledge in sexual reproductive health (SRH) and knowledge in HIV/AIDS. Assessment of parenting skills using the TTM stage showed 139 respondents (36%) had inappropriate parenting skills, in which they were in pre contemplation, contemplation or preparedness stages, while 247 respondents (64%) showed appropriate parenting skills when they were in action and maintenance stages of TTM. Older parent, late adolescent, low parental education level, extended family living arrangement, comfortable in discussing sexual issues, good parent-adolescent communication and higher knowledge in HIV/AIDS were found significant in bivariate analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified older parent (AOR = 1.927, 95% CI = 1.889 - 1.966, p < 0.001), lower parental education (AOR = 2.394, 95% CI = 1.348 - 4.254, p = 0.003), comfortable in discussing sexual issues (AOR = 3.810, 95% CI = 1.622 - 8.948, p = 0.002), good parent-adolescent communication (AOR = 4.741, 95% CI = 2.478 - 9.071, p ≤ 0.001) and having higher kno

关键词： Trans-Theoretical Model Staging Parenting Skills Adolescent Sexual Risk Behavior

Expanding the Role of Pre-Marital HIV Screening: Way Forward for Zero New Infection

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2017年第1期7卷 71-79页

作者： Sujith Kumar Manakandan rosnah sutan Department of Community Health Medical Faculty Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Pre-marital HIV screening is one of many initiatives taken by various worldwide countries to combat the fast spreading of HIV infections. In Malaysia, it was initially started in the year 2001 in Johor state the southern zone of Malaysia and subsequently with the collaboration of the Department of the Islamic Religious Affairs;it was made mandatory for all prospective Muslim couples. The main objective of this mandatory pre-marital HIV screening test was an early detection and appropriate management. Although the aim was beneficial, but there are still certain limitations, such as lack of confidentiality, stigmatization and termination of proposed marriage. Furthermore, there is obvious under-reporting of HIV cases among non-Muslims due to poor attendance at voluntary HIV screening. A small change in the existing policies may benefit this current program.

关键词： Pre-Marital HIV Screening HIV-AIDS Sexual Transmission

Determinant of Low Birth Weight Infants: A Matched Case Control Study

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2014年第3期4卷 91-99页

作者： rosnah sutan Mazlina Mohtar Aimi Nazri Mahat Azmi Mohd Tamil Department of Community Health Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC) Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Background: Low birth weight (LBW) is a well-known factor associated with neonatal mortality and has contributed to a range of poor health outcomes. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine factors associated with LBW infants. Methods: A matched case control study was conducted in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. Data of deliveries were obtained from Total Hospital Information System and medical records. All registered deliveries from January to June 2012 were used as sample populations. There were 180 pairs of cases and controls matched on babies’ gender. Fourteen variables were analyzed: maternal age, ethnicity, gravida, parity, gestational age, maternal booking weight, height and body mass index (BMI), history of low birth weight infants, birth interval, booking hemoglobin levels, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and mode of delivery. Results: Younger mother (t = 6.947, p < 0.001), lower booking BMI (t = 3.067, p = 0.002), prematurity (t = 12.324, p < 0.001), history of LBW infants (OR = 3.0, p = 0.001), LSCS (OR = 0.06, p = 0.001) and current hypertension (OR = 3.1, p = 0.008) were found significant in bivariate analysis. Multivariable conditional logistic regression identified younger maternal age (AOR = 2.9, 95% CI = 1.86 -4.51, p 13.58, p = 0.045), prematurity (AOR = 2.4, 95% CI = 1.79 -3.26, p < 0.001), and current hypertension (AOR = 4.5, 95% CI = 1.06 -19.22, p = 0.041) as significant factors associated with LBW infants. Conclusion: Younger maternal age, history of LBW infants, prematurity and hypertension have been recognized as predictors of LBW infants. The importance of pre-pregnancy screening, early antenatal booking and proper identification of high risk-mother needs to be strengthened and enforced in effort to reduce incidence of LBW infants.

关键词： Low Birth Weight Maternal Factors Matched Case Control

Coping Strategies among Parents of Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

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Health 2017年第7期9卷 987-999页

作者： rosnah sutan Nahlah Abduljaleel Al-Saidi Zarina Abdul Latiff Hishamshah Mohd Ibrahim Department of Community Health Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Department of Pediatrics Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Institute of Pediatrics General Hospital Kuala Lumpur Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Background: Having a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia represents challenges to the family which may impact their quality of life. In such circumstances, parents use various coping strategies to face this stressful situation, and understanding the relation of coping strategies on quality of life among parents of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia may provide professionals with ideas about how to support them which in turn may improve their quality of life. Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess the correlation between coping strategies and the health related quality of life of parents whose children are suffering from acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Study design: A cross-sectional design using guided self-administered questionnaire by a single researcher was used. Methods: A universal sample consisted of 299 parents of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was recruited from Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia and Kuala Lumpur Institute Pediatrics. The response rate was 98%. The data collection tools were WHOQOL BREF which is the World Health Organization Quality of Life shorter version and Brief COPE questionnaires. Results: The results revealed that half of the parents perceived their health related quality of life as good. The highest scores for parents were reported on the social relationship domain meanwhile the lowest were reported on the environmental health domain. In regard to the coping strategies, it was found that religion was most frequently used while humor was the least to be used. Moreover, there was a significant positive relationship between quality of life of the parents and problem-focused coping style and a significant negative relationship with emotion-focused coping style. Conclusion: On the basis of the finding of present study, an appropriate intervention could be design to include program that promote the use of problem-focused copings such as active coping and planning and discourage the use of emotion-f

关键词： Health Related QOL Childhood Cancer Leukemia Coping

Socio-maternal risk factors of ADHD among Iraqi children: A case-control study

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2013年第2期3卷 251-257页

作者： Hussain R. Saadi Khadijah Shamsuddin rosnah sutan Serene A. Alshaham Department of Community Health University Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Department of Family Medicine University Malaya Medical Centre Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Background: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a chronic disorder that appears first in childhood at preschool age (4 - 5) years, and is manifested by a symptomatic pattern of difficulties with attention, motor activity and impulsivity. Maternal factors like stress, socio-demographic and maternal life style factors are potential risk factors for ADHD. Methodology: A retrospective case-control study was conducted in Baghdad-Iraq. Cases have been taken from 5 private paediatric clinics. Controls were chosen from kindergartens within the same residential area of the paediatric private clinics. Mothers of cases and controls were investigated for the risk factors of ADHD using a self-administered questionnaire. The total sample size was 260. Number of cases was 130 and number of controls was 130. Results: Five variables were significantly associated with development of ADHD after using a multivariate logistic regression model, maternal war stress (Adjusted OR 9.08, 95% CI 4.70 - 17.52 and P value < 0.001), maternal smoking (Adjusted OR 3.27 95% CI 1.40 - 7.63, P < 0.001), father lost job (Adjusted OR 2.81, 95% CI 1.51 - 5.24, P value < 0.001), and house damaged (Adjusted OR 2.55, 95% CI 1.04 - 6.24, P < 0.05). Family income was also associated with risk of ADHD (OR 1.02 95% CI 1.00 - 3.12, P value < 0.05). Conclusion and suggestion: Maternal exposure to war stress has 9 times higher risk of developing ADHD among offspring. This study aimed to offer to the policy makers a good benchmark to plan more programmes related to women and child health with respect to the fourth and fifth Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in reduction of child mortality and morbidity and improvement of maternal health. There is a real necessity to address the need of vulnerable pregnant mothers at war and disaster’s time for programmes which will be able to control the stress that those pregnant mothers would encounter during those hard times.

关键词： ADHD Socio-Maternal Risk Factors Case-Control

Measuring Factors Influencing Progression across the Stages of Readiness to Lose Weight among Overweight and Obese Adolescents

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Health 2017年第1期9卷 153-171页

作者： rosnah sutan Asmah Johari Rozita Hod M. T. Azmi Department of Community Health Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Epidemic incidence of obesity has become one of the public health priorities in disease control prevention. The study aims to determine the prevalence of readiness stages to lose weight among the overweight and obese adolescents and its influencing factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 631 adolescents of body mass index for age with z-score > 1 SD based on World Health Organization growth reference chart. The stages of readiness to lose weight were assessed using Trans-Theoretical Model. Intrinsic and extrinsic factors were collected using self-administered questionnaire. Majority of the respondents were in the action stage (40.3%) followed by contemplation (26.5%), preparation (15.5%), maintenance (11.4%) and pre-contemplation (6.3%). Ordinal regression analysis identified significant factors influencing progression across the stages of readiness to lose weight: no junk foods sold in school canteens (p = 0.005), TV viewing time ≤2 hours (p = 0.001), high physical activity means score (p < 0.001) and family encouragement on healthy eating (p = 0.010). Majority of adolescents who were overweight and obese were at the action stage of weight reduction. Focusing on extrinsic factors help to improve the effectiveness of weight management intervention.

关键词： Body Mass Index Obese Adolescent Trans-Theoretical Model Readiness