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Review:Botnet detection techniques: review, future trends, and issue

Journal of Zhejiang University-Science C(Computers and Electronics) 2014年第11期15卷 943-983页

作者： Ahmad KARIM rosli Bin salleh Muhammad SHIRAZ Syed Adeel Ali SHAH Irfan AWAN Nor Badrul ANUAR Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Department of Computer Science University of Bradford Bradford BD7 1DP UK

In recent years, the Internet has enabled access to widespread remote services in the distributed computing environment; however, integrity of data transmission in the distributed computing platform is hindered by a number of security issues. For instance, the botnet phenomenon is a prominent threat to Internet security, including the threat of malicious codes. The botnet phenomenon supports a wide range of criminal activities, including distributed denial of service(DDoS) attacks, click fraud, phishing, malware distribution, spam emails, and building machines for illegitimate exchange of information/materials. Therefore, it is imperative to design and develop a robust mechanism for improving the botnet detection, analysis, and removal process. Currently, botnet detection techniques have been reviewed in different ways; however, such studies are limited in scope and lack discussions on the latest botnet detection techniques. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the latest state-of-the-art techniques for botnet detection and figures out the trends of previous and current research. It provides a thematic taxonomy for the classification of botnet detection techniques and highlights the implications and critical aspects by qualitatively analyzing such techniques. Related to our comprehensive review, we highlight future directions for improving the schemes that broadly span the entire botnet detection research field and identify the persistent and prominent research challenges that remain open.

关键词： Botnet detection Anomaly detection Network security Attack Defense Taxonomy

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Enabling Reachability Across Multiple Domains Without Controller Synchronization in SDN

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第10期69卷 945-965页

作者： Nauman Khan rosli Bin salleh Ihsan Ali Zahid Khan Noman Mazhar Roobaea Alroobaea Fahad Almansour Usman Ali Department of Computer System and Technology Faculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyUniversity of MalayaMalaysia Department of Computer Science and IT University of MalakandPakistan Robotics and Internet-of-Things Lab Prince Sultan UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Sciences and Arts RassQassim UniversityBuraydah51452Saudi Arabia

Software-defined networking(SDN)makes network agile and flexible due to its programmable *** extensive network has multiple domains in SDN for the scalability and performance of the ***,the inter-domain link is also crucial for the stability of the entire network on the data plane *** than one inter-domain connection enhances the scalability of the data plane ***,it faces a reachability problem with the principal root,which causes forwarding loops and packet drops in the network,thereby degrading network *** proposed solution is a multiple controller architecture;however,this approach increases the complexity and affects network ***,in this study,we propose a framework that avoids forwarding loops and packet drops without the synchronization of multiple-domain controllers in the network using an avoid loop with test packet ***,we collect the link status for improved routing and load balancing for the upcoming flow across inter-domain links to prevent congestion and increase throughput in real *** proposed methodology can significantly reduce the controller workload against multiple controller architecture,minimize flow setup latency,and improve throughput.

关键词： Multiple domain packet drop forwarding loop load balancing SDN multiple controller

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Employing Orphan Nodes to Avoid Energy Holes in Wireless Sensor Networks

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Communications and Network 2013年第3期5卷 625-630页

作者： Sepideh Zareei Elham Babaee rosli salleh Saeed Moghadam Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Faculty of Electrical IT and Computer Sciences Qazvin Islamic Azad University Qazvin Iran

When energy consumption by wireless sensor nodes gets off balance, partitions in the network appear because several of the nodes stop functioning. The respective network’s lifetime also diminishes. This problem is commonly known as the “hot spot” or “energy hole” phenomenon. To resolve this issue, a Multi-Hop Decentralized Cluster-Based Routing (MDCR) protocol is proposed. This algorithm uses orphan nodes as intermediate nodes to form inter-cluster multi-hop routing and balance the energy consumption among sensor nodes. Simulation experiments have shown that MDCR is significantly better at prolonging network lifetime compared to the Adaptive Decentralized Re-Clustering Protocol.

关键词： Wireless Sensor Networks Clustering Energy Efficiency Orphan Nodes

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Fast Handoff for 802.11 Wireless Network

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Communications and Network 2011年第4期3卷 250-256页

作者： Obay H. Sabrie Hasan S. Hasan rosli salleh 不详

Whenever the mobile station moves from the range of one access point and comes to the range of another access point a handoff process is occurred. This process takes a long time when using the IEEE 802.11 standard handoff and this delay affect the real time and multimedia applications. This paper provides a layer 2 handoff process for the IEEE 802.11 that is able to eliminate the scanning delay and reduce the total handoff delay.

关键词： Handoff Delay IEEE 802.11 Layer 2 Handoff WLAN

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Recent development,utilization,treatment and performance of solid wastes additives in asphaltic concrete worldwide:A review

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2022年第5期9卷 693-724页

作者： Tracy Leh Xin Wong Mohd rosli Mohd Hasan Leo Choe Peng School of Civil Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia14300 Nibong TebalPinangMalaysia School of Chemical Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia14300 Nibong TebalPinangMalaysia

Asphalt modifications either involved commercial or recycled waste materials modifiers help optimise and improve the deficient properties of asphalt mixtures relative to current *** manuscript reviews the recycling of waste materials generated from various sources such as household,agricultural and industrial to minimise natural resources exploitation,lower energy demand,and enhance overall pavement *** actual development and implementation of recycled asphalt pavement in numerous countries in Asia,North America,South America,Europe and Africa are emphasised,and their influence on the performance of asphalt pavements is *** pavement showed satisfying performance for years as maintenance and restoration are not ***,solid wastes are required to undergo pre-requisite treatments via mechanical,biological stabilization,thermal or chemical methods before the implementation as asphalt modifiers to ease the handling *** damage issues have been spotted in the implementation of several types of solid wastes and consequently reduced the strength and durability of ***,potential hydrophobic treatment can be adopted to improve the quality of asphalt mixtures by modifying the hydrophilic characteristics that are contributed by the hydroxyl groups on the cellulose nanocrystals(CNCs)or providing a superhydrophobic coating onto the *** treatments greatly weakened the moisture sensitivity of modified materials by reducing their water absorption and increasing their water contact *** modified mixtures are necessary to have identical or enhanced pavement performance to the conventional ***,future researchers are encouraged to broaden the research field in pavement engineering by considering chemical treatments in improving material properties to achieve cost-saving,efficient waste management,and higher commercial *** implementing any virgin materials,waste material

关键词： Sustainable pavement Industrial waste Cleaner environment Resources preservation Hydrophobic treatments Mechanical performances

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High-throughput sequencing reveals dietary segregation in Malaysian babblers

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Current Zoology 2022年第4期68卷 381-389页

作者： Mohammad Saiful Mansor Fasihah Zarifah Rozali Sian Davies Shukor Md Nor rosli Ramli Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 BangiSelangorMalaysia School of Biological Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia11800 USM PenangMalaysia Micropathology Ltd University of Warwick Science ParkCoventryCV47EZUK Institute of Biological Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia

The coexistence of numerous species within a community results from how those species use available *** are one of the major groups of Malaysian insectivorous birds,which frequently forage in dense vegetation cover and have a high level of ***,examining the diet,prey selection,and niche segregation of babblers can be *** this study,we used high-throughput sequencing to investigate potential dietary overlap or segregation among 10 babbler species of the 4 genera of the family Pellorneidae and Timaliidae:Pellorneum,Malacopteron,Stachyris,and Cyanoderma in central peninsular *** tested the hypothesis that trophically similar species may differ in resource use to avoid competitive *** identified 81 distinct arthropod taxa from fecal samples,belonging to 71 families representing 13 orders,which were predominantly from 16 dipteran,13 lepidopteran,and 10 coleopteran *** all the prey taxa consumed,45%were found to be distinct across the 10 babbler species,and<35%were shared simultaneously by≥3 babbler species,indicating minimal dietary *** black-throated babbler Stachyris nigricollis and moustached babbler Malacopteron magnirostre had the most generalist tendencies because they consumed a greater variety of prey *** dietary overlap values(Ojk)and a relatively wide range of food resources suggest that dietary segregation occurred among the studied *** great diversity of prey consumed revealed the presence of dietary flexibility among the sympatric insectivorous birds,thus reducing any active dietary competition and facilitating the coexistence through niche partitioning.

关键词： coexistence dietary partitioning metabarcoding next-generation sequencing tropical insectivorous birds

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R-IDPS: Real Time SDN-Based IDPS System for IoT Security

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第11期73卷 3099-3118页

作者： Noman Mazhar rosli Saleh Reza Zaba Muhammad Zeeshan M.Muzaffar Hameed Nauman Khan Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology University of MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia Centre for Research in Industry 4.0 University of MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia MIMOS Berhad National Applied R&D CentreKuala Lumpur57000Malaysia School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National University of Sciences and TechnologyIslamabad44000Pakistan

The advent of the latest technologies like the Internet of things(IoT)transforms the world from a manual to an automated way of ***,IoT sector open numerous security *** traditional networks,intrusion detection and prevention systems(IDPS)have been the key player in the market to ensure *** challenges to the conventional IDPS are implementation cost,computing power,processing delay,and ***,online machine learning model training has been an *** these challenges still question the IoT network *** has been a lot of research for IoT based detection systems to secure the IoT devices such as centralized and distributed architecture-based detection *** centralized system has issues like a single point of failure and load balancing while distributed system design has scalability and heterogeneity *** this study,we design and develop an agent-based hybrid prevention system based on software-defined networking(SDN)*** system uses lite weight agents with the ability to scaleup for bigger networks and is feasible for heterogeneous IoT *** baseline profile for the IoT devices has been developed by analyzing network flows from all the IoT *** profile helps in extracting IoT device *** features help in the development of our dataset that we use for anomaly *** anomaly detection,support vector machine has been used to detect internet control message protocol(ICMP)flood and transmission control protocol synchronize(TCP SYN)flood *** proposed system based on machine learning model is fully capable of online and offline *** than detection accuracy,the system can fully mitigate the attacks using the software-defined technology SDN *** major goal of the research is to analyze the accuracy of the hybrid agent-based intrusion detection systems as compared to conventional centralized only solutions,especially under the flood attac

关键词： Machine learning Internet of things software defined networking distributed denial of service attacks

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Effects of diluted methanol and water as foaming agents on the performance of latex foamed warm asphalt mixtures

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2023年第3期10卷 413-426页

作者： Mohd rosli Mohd Hasan Tai Guo Hainian Wang Sharvin Poovaneshvaran Ashiru Sani Muhammad Khuzaimi Aziz Seyed Reza Omranian School of Civil Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia(Engineering Campus)Nibong Tebal 14300Pulau PinangMalaysia School of Highway Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710064China Department of Civil Engineering Kano University of Science and TechnologyKano 3244Nigeria Faculty of Applied Engineering EMIB Research GroupUniversity of AntwerpAntwerp 2020Belgium

Latex as an asphalt modifier has gained popularity in the asphalt industry as it improves the durability of asphalt ***,the elastomeric properties of latex stiffen the asphalt binders,resulting in additional energy consumption during the production of asphalt mixtures,which may cause a higher emission of greenhouse *** is undesirable for sustainable development and the *** this study,the applicability of diluted methanol and water was comparatively evaluated as foaming agents in the production of warm mix asphalt(WMA)mixtures incorporating *** methanol was used because it has a lower boiling point and latent heat than water,allowing the asphalt mixture to be produced at a lower temperature and thus consuming less *** performance of the foamed asphalt mixture was investigated through service characteristics,mechanical performance,and moisture susceptibility of *** service characteristics,on the other hand,were measured in a laboratory while preparing and compacting the asphalt mixture,which refers to the amount of energy required during the production and construction stages in the asphalt plant and on the construction site,*** degree of energy required was assessed based on the workability index,coatability index,and the compaction energy *** mechanical performance of asphalt mixtures was characterized by indirect tensile strength,resilient modulus,and dynamic creep *** resistance to moisture damage was evaluated based on the common parameter,indirect tensile strength *** findings revealed that the use of diluted methanol foaming agent helped improve the workability of latex modified asphalt *** foamed latex-modified WMA demonstrated better performance compared to asphalt mixtures prepared using water as the foaming agent.

关键词： Asphalt mixtures Foaming technology Natural resources Low emission Elastomer Lower energy consumption

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Experimental assessments of methanol-based foaming agent in latex modified foamed binders and warm asphalt mixtures

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Journal of Road Engineering 2022年第1期2卷 84-97页

作者： Mohd rosli Mohd Hasan Tai Guo Hainian Wang Zul Fahmi Mohamed Jaafar Zhanping You School of Civil Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia(Engineering Campus)Nibong Tebal 14300Pulau PinangMalaysia School of Highway Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710064China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Michigan Technological UniversityHoughtonMI 49931USA

Latex is one of the natural rubbers that is used to enhance the performance of asphalt pavement for the last few *** presence of latex,which is categorized as an elastomer,helps to improve pavement performance and ***,higher viscosity of latex modified asphalt binder increases the production-temperatures of asphalt mixture,thus consuming higher energy during asphalt mixture’s production *** this study,the effectiveness of methanol as an energy-efficient foaming agent was assessed to reduce the viscosity and enhance the workability of the modified asphalt *** basic and rheological properties of the asphalt binders were determined through multiple laboratory tests including expansion ratio and half-life,rotational viscosity,softening point,torsional recovery,and dynamic shear *** properties of asphalt mixtures were assessed through the service characteristics,mechanical performance,and moisture resistance *** was found that the presence of latex results in an approximately twofold higher expansion ratio and a lower half-life of the asphalt binder at about the same *** the rotational viscosity test,the application of methanol into asphalt binder decreased the viscosity and led to better workability,despite the addition of latex as an asphalt *** application of methanol into asphalt binder improved the workability of mixture samples and lowered the compaction energy of the compaction process,which are the crucial criteria for a better mixing and compaction *** foamed asphalt mixtures with latex show much higher resistance to moisture damage and stiffness than control sample even though they were prepared at a lower temperature.

关键词： Foaming agent Foaming technique Latex Lower energy Methanol Natural rubber

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Verification of Depth Adjustment Factor in Eurocode 5 for Tropical Hardwood Timbers

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2023年第9期11卷 3533-3546页

作者： Adnie Baharin Muhammad Amirul Akmal rosli Norshariza Mohamad Bhkari Lum Wei Chen Anis Azmi Muhammad Shaiful Nordin Zakiah Ahmad School of Civil Engineering College of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi MARA MalaysiaShah AlamSelangor40450Malaysia Institute for Infrastructure Engineering and Sustainable Management(IIESM) Universiti Teknologi MARA MalaysiaShah AlamSelangor40450Malaysia Malaysian Timber Industry Board(MTIB) CherasKuala Lumpur56100Malaysia

The depth adjustment factor for bending strength stated in Eurocode 5(EC5)is only applicable to timbers having a characteristic density below 700 kg/m^(3).However,most Malaysian timbers are hardwood,some with a characteristic density reaching above 700 kg/m^(3).Therefore,the objective of this study was to examine whether the depth adjustment factor stipulated in EC5 is valid for Malaysian hardwood *** timber species were selected for this study,namely Kapur(Dryobalanops ***.),Kempas(Koompassia Maingay ex Benth.),Keruing(Dipterocarpus ***.),Light red meranti(Shorea *** ***.),Geronggang(Cratoxylum Blume)and Balau(Shorea *** ***.).The determination of bending strength and characteristic density was conducted according to BS EN 408:2010 and BS EN 384:2016,respectively.A graph for mean bending strength vs.(150/h)was plotted for each timber *** power function was selected to analyze the relationship between the two *** power of the regression equations varied depending on the characteristic density of the timber *** species with a characteristic density below 700 kg/m^(3),such as Kapur,Keruing,and Light red meranti,the power was between 0.16 to *** contrast,for species having a characteristic density above 700 kg/m^(3),namely Kempas and Balau,the power was higher at 0.23 and 0.24,*** was an exception to this *** values are close to the depth adjustment factor given in EC5,which is *** on the results,it can be suggested that the adjustment factor of 0.2 is also applicable to Malaysian hardwood timbers with a characteristic density above 700 kg/m^(3).

关键词： Depth adjustment factor Malaysian hardwood timber bending strength Eurocode 5

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