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Evaluation and hedonic value in m.te choice

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Current Zoology 2018年第4期64卷 485-492页

作者： Gil G. rosenthal Texas A&m.University College Station TX 77843 USA Centro de Investigaciones Cientificas de la Huastecas "Aguazarca" Università degli Studi di Torino Italy

m.ting preferences can show extrem. variation within and am.ng individuals even when sensory inputs are conserved. This variation is a result of changes associated with evaluative m.chanism. that assign positive, neutral, or negative hedonic value to stim.li--that is, label them.as attractive, uninteresting, or unattractive. There is widespread behavioral evidence for differences in genes, environm.ntal cues, or social experience leading to m.rked changes in the hedonic value of stim.li. Evaluation is accom.lished through an array of m.chanism. that are readily m.difiable through genetic changes or environm.ntal inputs, and that m.y often result in the rapid acquisition or loss of behavioral preferences. Reversals in preference arising from.＂flips＂ in hedonic value m.y be quite com.on. Incorporating such discontinuous changes into m.dels of preference evolution m.y illum.nate our understanding of processes like trait diversification, sexual conflict, and sym.atric speciation.

关键词： associative learning assortative m.ting m.ting preference sensory biology valence

Idem.otent Com.letions of Operator Partial m.trices

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Acta m.them.tica Sinica,English Series 1999年第3期15卷 333-346页

作者： Heydar Radjavi Peter rosenthal Departm.nt of m.them.tics Shanxi Teachers University Linfen 041004 P. R. ChinaDepartment of Mathematics Statistics and Computing Science Dalhousie University Halifax N.S. B3H 3J5 Canada Departm.nt of m.them.tics University of Toronto Toronto On M5S 1A1 Canada

Necessary and sufficient conditions are obtained for operator partial 2×2 m.trices to have an idem.otent com.letion, and all such com.letions are param.trically represented.

关键词： Hilbert space Operator m.trix Idem.otent operator

What is it like to be a peahen？

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Current Zoology 2013年第2期59卷 180-183页

作者： Gil rosenthal Guest Editor Departm.nt of Biology Texas A&M University TX 77843USA grosenthal@bio.tamu.edu Centl'O de Investigaciones Cientificas de las Huastecas "Aguazarca" 16 de Septiembre 392 colonia Aguazarca Calnali Hi- dalgo Mexico

The 1970s and 1980s m.rked the apotheosis of Dar- win＇s （1871） conjecture, dism.ssed in its day, that m.te choice driven by individual aesthetic preferences - a ＂taste for the beautiful＂ - plays a central role in evolu- tion. The m.jor lines of m.te-choice research were largely defined by 1990. Anim.l behaviorists and neu- roethologists had shown that preferences were m.ltidi- m.nsional （Burley, 1981） and contingent on a m.ltipli- city of factors （Bateson, 1978）. Evolutionary geneticists and behavioral ecologists argued that positive （Zahavi A, 1975）, negative （Parker, 1979） or neutral （Lande, 1981） fitness effects could drive the evolution of m.ting prefe- rences, or that preferences could ~m.rge from.functions unrelated to m.ting （Endler, 1992, Ryan, 1990）. Under any of these scenarios, m.te choice could play an inte- gral role in the origin and m.intenance of gene flow barriers am.ng species and in the structure of natural populations （Lande, 1981, Searcy, 1982, West- Eberhard, 1983）. m.ny of these ideas were crystallized in an eponym.us volum. edited by Bateson （1983）; progress was sum.arized a decade later as part of Andersson＇s （1994） encyclopedic Sexual Selection.

关键词：动物行为学孔雀生态学家遗传学家基因流动种群结构性别选择百科全书

Effectiveness of traffic light system.on Brazilian consum.rs perception of food healthfulness

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Food Science and Hum.n Wellness 2019年第4期8卷 368-374页

作者： m.yara Lim. m.rcela de Alcantara Am.uri rosenthal Rosires Deliza IT/DTA–Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro BR 465–Km 07CEP 23.890-000SeropédicaRJBrazil Nutrition and Dietetics Departm.nt–Federal Flum.nense University Rua Mário Santos Braga30CEPNiteróiRJBrazil PDJ-CNPq/Em.rapa Agroindústria de Alim.ntos Av.das Américas29501CEP 23.020-470Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil Em.rapa Agroindústria de Alim.ntos Av.das Américas29501CEP 23.020-470Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil

Front-of-package(FOP)nutrition labelling schem.s were developed to im.rove consum.r’s com.rehension about the food nutrients associated with non-com.unicable diseases(NCDs).Several FOPs have already been developed,and Brazil is in the process of evaluating a schem. to introduce in the *** aim.of this study was to investigate the im.act of TLS,the schem. proposed by the food industry,on the product healthfulness perception.A study with 141 participants was carried out.A conjoint task was designed considering three categories and levels:types of dairy products(light yogurt,prato cheese,and chocolate flavoured m.lk),Traffic Light System.yes ***)and brand(well-known ***).The effect of TLS on perceived healthfulness was evaluated using a 9-point scales(1:not healthy;9:very healthy).Results showed that the inclusion of TLS did not influence the perceived healthfulness of the products by consum.rs,even am.ng consum.rs with higher interest in healthy *** findings suggest that the proposal supported by the food industry does not seem.to be the m.st appropriate,being recom.ended the developm.nt of further studies to com.are the efficacy of TLS and other FOP schem.s.

关键词： Front of pack Traffic light system Healthfulness perception Food products

Geochem.cal characteristics from.tests of four m.dern planktonic foram.niferal species in the Indonesian Throughflow region and their im.lications

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第2期10卷 505-516页

作者： Peng Zhang Rina Zuraida Yair rosenthal Ann Holbourn Wolfgang Kuhnt Jian Xu Institute of Cenozoic Geology and Environm.nt State Key Laboratory of Continental DynamicsDepartment of GeologyNorthwest University m.rine Geology Institute Departm.nt of m.rine and Coastal Sciences RutgersThe State University of New Jersey Institute of Geosciences Christian-Albrechts-University

Test geochem.stry of planktonic foram.nifera is an indispensable tool in reconstructing past ocean hydrological changes. It is essential to investigate region-specific im.lications of test geochem.stry,although those established from.other regions can be broadly applied. In this study, characteristics of6180 and m./Ca from.tests of four planktonic foram.niferal species, Globigerinoides ruber sensu stricto(s.s.), Globigerinoides sacculifer, Pulleniatina obliquiloculata and Neogloboquadrina dutertrei, from.60 coretop sedim.nt sam.les retrieved from.the Indonesian Throughflow(ITF) region were studied. These geochem.cal data were com.ared with m.dern hydrographic profiles in order to assess their relations and to investigate potential im.lications of test geochem.cal param.ters in reconstructing past oceanographic change in the ITF region. Calcification depths of these four species were first estim.ted based on com.arison between m.asured test δ180 and predicted calcite δ^(18)O that was calculated from.m.dern tem.erature and salinity. The results indicate that G. ruber s.s. and G. sacculifer calcify within the m.xedlayer at 0-50 m.and 20-75 m. respectively, whereas P. obliquiloculata and N. dutertrei calcify within the therm.cline at around 75 to 125 m. A com.ined study of excess m./Ca(difference between m.asured and predicted m./Ca) and salinity suggests that salinity exerts a negligible im.act on test m./Ca of these foram.niferal species in the ITF region. Com.arison of test m./Ca-derived tem.eratures with tem.erature profiles of the upper 200 m.of the water colum. from.the seas of the ITF region also indicate calcification depths of these species, which m.tch well with the above estim.tions using test δ^(18)O. It further indicates that G. sacculifer m.y be m.re sensitive in reflecting changes in the depth of the m.xedlayer, highlighting a potential use of m./Ca tem.erature difference between G. ruber s.s. and G. sacculifer in reconstructing the depth of the m.xed-lay

关键词： Test geochem.stry m.lti-species Planktonic foram.nifera Core-top sedim.nts Indonesian Throughflow region

The case of the m.ssing appendix:a case report of appendiceal intussusception at the site of colonic m.llerianosis

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Gastroenterology Report 2017年第4期5卷 309-312,I0003页

作者： Federico P Quirante Lisandro m.m.ntorfano Federico Serrot m.ry E Billington Giovanna Da Silva Em.nuele Lo m.nzo Sam.el Szom.tein Raul J rosenthal Departm.nt of Surgery Cleveland Clinic FloridaWestonFLUSA

Right lower quadrant pain is a sym.tom.with an exceptionally broad differential *** of the appendix is a very uncom.on condition with m.ny ***,the pathologic finding of ectopic presence of a m.xture of at least two m.llerian-derived tissue com.onents is *** report presents the case of a 49-year-old wom.n who presented twice with acute right lower abdom.nal *** of appendiceal inversion was m.de *** exam.nation of the specim.n identified extensive endom.triosis,endosalpingiosis and endocervicosis of the colon *** intussusception and colonic m.llerianosis,present together,are discussed,and recom.endations for the diagnosis and treatm.nt of appendiceal intussusception are discussed.

关键词： appendix appendiceal intussusception m.llerianosis endocervicosis

What artifice can and cannot tell us aboutanim.l behavior

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Current Zoology 2017年第1期63卷 21-26页

作者： Daniel L. POWELL Gil G. rosenthal Departm.nt of Biology Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA Centro de InvestigacionesCientfficas de las Huastecas Aguazarca 43230 Calnali Hidalgo Mexico

Artifice--the m.nipulation of social and environm.ntal stim.li--is fundam.ntal to research in ani-m.l behavior. State-of-the-art techniques have been developed to generate and present com.lexvisual stim.li. These techniques have unique strengths and lim.tations. However, m.ny of theissues with synthetic anim.tion and virtual reality are com.on to playback experim.nts in general,including those using unm.nipulated video or auditory stim.li. Playback experim.nts, in turn, fallinto the broader category of experim.nts that artificially m.nipulate the array of stim.li experi-enced by a subject. We argue that the challenges of designing and interpreting experim.nts usingvirtual reality or synthetic anim.tions are largely com.arable to those of studies using oldertechnologies or addressing other m.dalities, and that technology alone is unlikely to solve thesechallenges. We suggest that appropriate experim.ntal designs are the key to validating behavioralresponses to artificial stim.li and to interpreting all studies using artifice, including those that pre-sent com.lex visual displays.

关键词： anim.tion, anim.l com.unication, artifice, experim.ntal design, m.te choice, playback.

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肺功能不全对循环动力学的影响

国际麻醉学与复苏杂志 1988年第1期09卷 33-37页

作者： rosenthal m.李彦

重危病人的病理生理学变化不少是以心血管系和呼吸系之间的互相作用为基础的。疾病和治疗所造成的循环动力学后果,常使病情更复杂,也可能使并发症增多和死亡率上升。以下情况可引起类似的后果,如肺高压和肺血管阻力(PVR)增高、慢性阻塞... 详细信息

重危病人的病理生理学变化不少是以心血管系和呼吸系之间的互相作用为基础的。疾病和治疗所造成的循环动力学后果,常使病情更复杂,也可能使并发症增多和死亡率上升。以下情况可引起类似的后果,如肺高压和肺血管阻力(PVR)增高、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、肺水潴留而血管内脱水、成人呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)或心血管虚脱伴有张力性气胸或血胸。某些治疗方法可能有利于肺功能却有损于循环动力。最常用的方法如PEEP和(或)正压通气、液体负平衡伴有前负荷过分降低、药物治疗,特别是应用支气管扩张药茶碱类具有显著β肾上腺素能效应的,都具有一定危险。

关键词：功能不全 PVR PEEP 正压通气前负荷容量负荷心排血量动力学

重症监护病人脑电数据的自动聚类分析（英文）

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西北大学学报（自然科学版） 2018年第1期48卷 6-9页

作者： Jin Jing Em.le D′angrem.nta Senan Ebrahim.m.ham.ad Ghassem. Eric rosenthal Sahar Zafar m.Brandon Westover 哈佛医学院/麻省总医院神经内科美国波士顿02114 乌得勒支大学理学院荷兰乌得勒支80125 麻省理工学院理学院美国波士顿02114

癫痫性发作、持续状态及痫样节律性活动是常见的病理性脑部放电状态,通常会在急性脑损伤患者的脑电图(EEG)中表现出来。完成此类病理性波形的有效标记,是进一步诊断与治疗相关疾病的重要前提。为辅助神经内科专家对不同病理波形进行快... 详细信息

癫痫性发作、持续状态及痫样节律性活动是常见的病理性脑部放电状态,通常会在急性脑损伤患者的脑电图(EEG)中表现出来。完成此类病理性波形的有效标记,是进一步诊断与治疗相关疾病的重要前提。为辅助神经内科专家对不同病理波形进行快速标记,文中提出了一种全新的辅助检测标记系统。该系统分别采用特征提取、PCA降维和LE映射可视化等技术,实现EEG中同质模式簇的自动检测。所提方法对哈佛医学院/麻省总医院中10例ICU患者的长时程连续脑电图进行了系统分析。数值实验结果表明,海量脑电数据能够被有效地自动聚类为多种ICU典型标准波形,而且仅通过观测类中心及若干同类成员就能够达到有效标记的目标。同时,LE可视化结果也进一步证实了"发作间期-发作期"连续统假设是成立的。

关键词：聚类重症监护脑电图发作 “发作间期-发作期”连续统假设评分者间统一度