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Predictors of the placebo response in a nutraceutical randomized controlled trial for depression

Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第1期22卷 46-53页

作者： rosemary.arnold Jenifer Murphy-Smith Chee H.Ng David Mischoulon Gerard J.Byrne Chad A.Bousman Con Stough Michael Berk Jerome Sarris Professorial Unit the Melbourne ClinicDepartment of PsychiatryUniversity of MelbourneRichmond 3121Australia Depression Clinical and Research Program Department of PsychiatryMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Faculty of Medicine Discipline of PsychiatryCentre for Clinical ResearchRoyal Brisbane&Women’s HospitalHerstonthe University of QueenslandBrisbane 4006Australia Departments of Medical Genetics PsychiatryPhysiology&Pharmacology and Community Health SciencesUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Department of Psychiatry the University of MelbourneMelbourne 3052Australia Centre for Human Psychopharmacology Swinburne UniversityMelbourne 3122Australia The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation School of MedicineBarwon HealthDeakin UniversityGeelong 3220Australia The Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health the University of MelbourneParkville 3052Australia Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health the University of MelbourneParkville 3052Australia NICM Health Research Institute Western Sydney UniversityWestmeadNSW 2145Australia

Objective The placebo response in depression studies is the change in symptoms amongst those who receive an inactive *** well-designed randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of depression have a high proportion of placebo responders,with little understanding as to *** present study assesses characteristics associated with the placebo response in a nutraceutical trial with a large proportion of placebo *** This is a secondary analysis of a nutraceutical depression RCT which identified no overall treatment benefit relative to placebo(n=69 in placebo group).We investigated participant characteristics such as socio-demographics,clinical features,and recruitment methods,and their association with the placebo *** genetic polymorphisms were also *** response was measured based on change in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale *** association of these hypothesis-driven variables of interest and the placebo response was examined using linear mixed effects *** Greater levels of education,particularly pursuing post-high school education,better self-reported general health,marriage/de facto,greater improvement in the first trial week,and more failed antidepressant therapies in the current depressive episode were associated with greater placebo *** increased placebo response was not found in those recruited via social media nor in those with concomitant antidepressant *** nucleotide polymorphisms from the tryptophan hydroxylase 1(TPH1)gene(A779C and A218C)were weakly associated with greater placebo response,although the evidence was attenuated after accounting for multiple *** This is,to our knowledge,the first study within nutraceutical research for depression to assess the association between participant characteristics and variation in the placebo *** variables appeared to predict the placebo *** findings may encourage future trial design

关键词： Randomized controlled trial Placebo Depression Nutraceutical Psychiatry

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Transfer learning framework for multi-scale crack type classification with sparse microseismic networks

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2024年第2期34卷 167-178页

作者： arnold Yuxuan Xie Bing QLi Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Western UniversityLondon N6A 3K7Canada

Rock fracture mechanisms can be inferred from moment tensors(MT)inverted from microseismic ***,MT can only be inverted for events whose waveforms are acquired across a network of *** is limiting for underground mines where the microseismic stations often lack azimuthal ***,there is a need for a method to invert fracture mechanisms using waveforms acquired by a sparse microseismic ***,we present a novel,multi-scale framework to classify whether a rock crack contracts or dilates based on a single *** framework consists of a deep learning model that is initially trained on 2400000+manually labelled field-scale seismic and microseismic waveforms acquired across 692 *** learning is then applied to fine-tune the model on 300000+MT-labelled labscale acoustic emission waveforms from 39 individual experiments instrumented with different sensor layouts,loading,and rock types in *** optimal model achieves over 86%F-score on unseen waveforms at both the lab-and *** model outperforms existing empirical methods in classification of rock fracture mechanisms monitored by a sparse microseismic *** facilitates rapid assessment of,and early warning against,various rock engineering hazard such as induced earthquakes and rock bursts.

关键词： Multi-scale Fracture processes Microseismic Acoustic emission Source mechanism Deep learning

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SMILE soft X-ray Imager flight model CCD370 pre-flight device characterisation

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 25-38页

作者： S.Parsons D.J.Hall O.Hetherington T.W.Buggey T.arnold M.W.J.Hubbard A.Holland Centre for Electronic Imaging the Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76AAUK

Throughout the SMILE mission the satellite will be bombarded by radiation which gradually damages the focal plane devices and degrades their *** order to understand the changes of the CCD370s within the soft X-ray Imager,an initial characterisation of the devices has been carried out to give a baseline performance *** CCDs have been characterised,the two flight devices and the flight spa *** has been carried out at the Open University in a bespo ke cleanroom measure ment *** results show that there is a cluster of bright pixels in the flight spa re which increases in size with tempe *** at the nominal ope rating tempe rature(-120℃) it is within the procure ment ***,the devices meet the specifications when ope rating at -120℃ in 6 × 6 binned frame transfer science *** se rial charge transfer inefficiency degrades with temperature in full frame *** any charge losses are recovered when binning/frame transfer is implemented.

关键词： CCD soft X-ray imager characterisation SMILE

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晚白垩世真兽类Zalamdalestes揭示哺乳动物独特的枢椎及其复杂的进化过程

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Science Bulletin 2024年第11期69卷 1767-1775页

作者： Patrick arnold Katarzyna Janiszewska 李茜 Jingmai K.O'Connor Lucja Fostowicz-Frelik Institute of Biochemistry and Biology University of PotsdamPotsdam D-14476Germany Environmental Paleobiology Department Institute of PaleobiologyPolish Academy of SciencesWarsaw 00-818Poland Key Laboratory of Evolutionary Systematics of Vertebrates Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China The Field Museum of Natural History Chicago IL 60605USA Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy The University of ChicagoChicago IL 60637USA Evolutionary Paleobiology Department Institute of PaleobiologyPolish Academy of SciencesWarsaw 00-818Poland

The typical mammalian neck consisting of seven cervical vertebrae(C1–C7)was established by the Late Permian in the cynodont forerunners of modern *** structure is precisely adapted to facilitate movements of the head during feeding,locomotion,predator evasion,and social ***,the clade including crown placentals,has a fossil record extending back more than 125 million years revealing significant morphological diversification in the *** very little is known concerning the early evolution of eutherian cervical morphology and its functional adaptations.A specimen of Zalambdalestes lechei from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia boasts exceptional preservation of an almost complete series of cervical vertebrae(C2–C7)revealing a highly modified axis(C2).The significance of this cervical morphology is explored utilizing an integrated approach combining comparative anatomical examination across mammals,muscle reconstruction,geometric morphometrics and virtual range of motion *** compared the shape of the axis in Zalambdalestes to a dataset of 88 mammalian species(monotremes,marsupials,and placentals)using three-dimensional landmark *** results indicate that the unique axis morphology of Zalambdalestes has no close analog among living *** range of motion analysis of the neck strongly implies Zalambdalestes was capable of exerting very forceful head movements and had a high degree of ventral flexion for an animal its *** findings reveal unexpected complexity in the early evolution of the eutherian cervical morphology and suggest a feeding behavior similar to insectivores specialized in vermivory and defensive behaviors in Zalambdalestes akin to modern spiniferous mammals.

关键词： Atlas Axis Vertebral column Stem placental Morphology paleoecology

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The CCD instrument background of the SMILE SXI

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 15-24页

作者： M.W.J.Hubbard O.Hetherington D.J.Hall T.W.Buggey S.Parsons T.arnold A.Holland C.Pagani S.Sembay Centre for Electronic Imaging The Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76AAUK X-ray and Observational Astronomy Group Department of Physics&AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterLE17RHUK

The ESA and CAS SMILE mission orbit is highly elliptical and will pass through multiple radiation *** Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)instrument aboard has a radiation shutter door designed to close when the surrounding radiation flux is *** shutter door will close when passing below an altitude threshold to protect against trapped particles in the Earth’s Van Allen ***,two radiation environments can be approximated based on the shutter door position:open and *** instrument background for the CCDs(Charge-Coupled Devices)that form the focal plane array of the SXI were evaluated for the two *** to the correlation of the space environment with the solar cycle,the solar minima and maxima,the background was also evaluated at these two *** results demonstrated that the highest instrument background will occur during solar minima due to the main contributing source being Galactic Cosmic Rays(GCRs).It was also found that the open background was highest for solar minima and that the closed background was highest during solar *** is due to the radiation shutter door acting as a scattering centre and the changes in the energy flux distribution of the GCRs between the two solar extremes.

关键词： instrument background X-ray astronomy space radiation

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Screening of Rodents from Rural Communities of Lagos and Ogun State Nigeria of Lassa Virus RNA

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2024年第2期14卷 120-130页

作者： Fatai Sarafa Emmanuel Tochukwu Onyeje Joseph Ojonugwa Shaibu Olumuyiwa Babalola Salu rosemary Ajuma Audu Sunday Aremu Omilabu Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology College of Medicine University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria Centre for Human Virology and Genomics Research Microbiology Department Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Centre for Human and Zoonotic Virology Central Research Laboratory and Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology College of Medicine University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria

Background: In recent times, there has been an increase in the number of Lassa fever cases resulting from the several episodes of Lassa fever epidemics ravaging Nigeria and other West African countries. The presence of Lassa virus in rodents other than the major reservoir (Mastomys natalensis) has been a public health concern as to the actual burden of the disease. It is therefore of a public health necessity to explore the LASV RNA habouring potential of several species of rodents in endemic as well as non-endemic areas for proper prevention of emergence of outbreaks in non-endemic areas. Objectives: The aim of this study was to detect the presence of LASV RNA in different species of rodents in Ikorodu, Lagos state and Abeokuta, Ogun state. Methods: A total of ninety one (91) rodents were captured from Ikorodu, Lagos State (61 rodents) and Abeokuta, Ogun State (30 rodents), euthanized, bled, and plasma obtained for the detection of LASV RNA by Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction. Results: A total of 91 rodents consisting of 77 Rattus rattus and 14 Crocidura spp. The S segment of LASV RNA was not in any of the 91 rodents’ plasma samples. Conclusion: The rodents captured within the rural communities of Ikorodu, Lagos State and Abeokuta, Ogun State were found not to habour the LASV RNA. This study is limited by the relatively small sample size. Similar studies should be encouraged both in endemic and non-endemic areas in order to understand the actual burden of Lassa fever as well as put into check future epidemics.

关键词： Lassa Virus Lassa Fever Mastomys natalensis Transmission Lagos State Ogun State

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Using intersectional gender analysis to identify challenges in tuberculosis care at four health care facilities in Uganda

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 91-91页

作者： Winters Muttamba Samson Omongot Irene Najingo Roseline Nuwarinda Esther Buregyeya Mariam Otmani del Barrio rosemary Morgan Bruce Kirenga Sarah Ssali Makerere University Lung Institute Makerere University Kampala Uganda Division of Infection and Global Health School of Medicine University of St Andrews St. Andrews UK Infectious Disease Institute Makerere University Kampala Uganda School of Public Health Makerere University Kampala Uganda UNICEF UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR) World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD USA School of Women and Gender Studies Makerere University Kampala Uganda

Background Tuberculosis(TB)care could be considered as a continuum from symptom recognition,decision to seek care,diagnosis,treatment initiation and treatment completion,with care along the continuum influenced by several *** dimensions could influence TB care,and indeed,more men than women are diagnosed with TB each *** study was done to identify social stratifiers that intersect with gender to influence TB *** A cross-sectional qualitative study was done at four health facilities in 3 districts in central Uganda between October 2020 and December *** was collected from patients seeking a diagnosis or on TB treat-ment through focus group discussions and key informant *** themes around gender guided by a gender and intersectionality lens were developed and thereafter thematic content analysis was *** Women have increased vulnerability to TB due to bio mass exposure through roles like *** have increased access to health care services as they interface with the health care system frequently given their role as child bearers and child care *** have a duty to provide for their families and this most often is prioritised over healthcare seeking,and together with belief that they are powerful beings leads to poor healthcare seeking hab-its and delays in healthcare *** on when and where to seek care were not straightforward for women,who most often rely on their husbands/partners to make *** Men and women experience challenges to TB care,and that these challenges are deeply rooted in roles assigned to them and further compounded by *** challenges need to be addressed through intersec-tional gender responsive interventions if TB control is to be improved.

关键词： Tuberculosis Gender Intersectionality Masculinity

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花衣魔笛手

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空中英语教室（初级版．大家说英语） 2024年第1期 37-39,55页

作者： John Telfer arnold Lee(图) 不详

Howmany silvercoinsdid the Pied Piper ask for?The town of Hamelin has a very strange *** do not allow music in the *** is that?Many years ago,Hamelin had a big *** were everywhere!They ate everything,and sometimes the... 详细信息

关键词： problem. 魔笛 silver

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Cartographic Study and Modeling of the Bakwanga Kimberlite Massive 5 at Kasai Oriental in the Democratic Republic of Congo

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第4期12卷 78-95页

作者： arnold Onya Ngila Ivon Ndala Tshiwisa Ruben Koy Kasongo Alain Cibumba Cibumba Chamira Fwani Pambu Dona Kampata Mbwelele Centre National de Té l&#233d&#233tection (CNT) Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Geosciences Department Faculty of Sciences and Technologies University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Geo-Hydro-Energy Research Group Geosciences Department Faculty of Sciences and Technologies University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

Bakwanga kimberlite massive 5 in Kasai Oriental is part of a set of 13 kimberlite massives numbered according to the order in which they were discovered. They are located on an alignment with a more or less W-E direction making up the Northern group known as Bakwanga. The importance of the Bakwanga kimberlite massives on the country’s economy in the production of diamonds sufficiently proves the interest of geological research work in this area. The objective of this work is to determine a mathematical model of the shape of the massive as close as possible to reality and through cartography. The cartographic study and modeling of this kimberlite massive were carried out using data from core samples taken on longitudinal and transverse profiles of the 50 × 50 meter mesh drilling plan intersecting this kimberlite massive. We intend to deduce the structure and lithostratigraphy of the kim-berlitic facies and the direct environment of massive 5. As a result, we note that the majority of surveys on the extent of this massive have intersected: Red clayey sand - Polymorphic sandstone - Nodular sandstone, with kaolin blocks and nodules - Epiclastic Kimberlite - Xenokimberlite - Massive Kimberlite - Mesozoic sandstone - Dolomite (enclosing). The shape of the Massive 5 model is vaguely elliptical with a W-E longitudinal axis of 575 m and N-S axis of 275 meters. Surveys have shown that Massive 5 is in fact composed of two pipes, located in the W (western pipe) and E (eastern pipe) ends of the massif. The two chimneys of the two pipes have walls ranging from subvertical at the eastern pipe to very steep walls of around 70˚ to 80˚ for the western pipe and the average diameter of the two pipes is ±50 meters. At level 600, the massive has an area of ±10.5 hectares and it gradually decreases in depth and the modeling of the latter shows a concentric decrease in the volume of the massive from the surface to depth in the shape of a mushroom. 3 eruptive phases established this Kimber-

关键词： Massive Kimberlite Cartography Modelization Epiclastic Kimberlite Xenokimberlite Pipe

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Exploratory and Descriptive Study of the Kimberlite Massif of Boya-02 at Eastern Kasai in the Democratic Republic of Congo

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第1期12卷 130-144页

作者： arnold Onya Ngila Ivon Ndala Tshiwisa Ruben Koy Kasongo Serge Diemo Alain Cibumba Cibumba Chamira Fwani Pambu Dona Kampata Mbwelele Centre National de Télédétection (CNT) Kinshasa The Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Exploration Faculty of Oil and Gas University of Kinshasa Kinshasa The Democratic Republic of Congo Geo-Hydro-Energy Research Group Department of Geosciences Faculty of Sciences and Technologies University of Kinshasa Kinshasa The Democratic Republic of Congo

The Boya-02 kimberlite was identified at depth by geophysical survey work (a single-probe AM survey in 1997 and a gravity survey in 2006) that De Beers DRC Exploration carried out around anomaly 193/172/0019. This anomaly located approximately 50 km southwest of the town of Mbuji-Mayi in the Kasaï-Oriental Province in the DRC should therefore be the subject of detailed exploration with the aim of better identifying and describing this kimberlite. Thus, through exploratory work and cross-checking of geophysical and geological data, the discovery of this Massif was made by drilling on the aeromagnetic anomaly 193/172/X298. Based on drilling, sampling and laboratory petrographic analysis reports, the Boya-02 kimberlite was classified among highly diluted re-sedimented volcaniclastic kimberlites (KVR), rich in olivine and incidentally in quartz and poor in juvenile substances. This kimberlite represents a deposit of very low economic interest following extremely high dilution. The Boya-02 kimberlite was modeled using ground magnetism data. It is a complex anomaly comprising 2 components with variable amplitude appearing on a subtly magnetized linear detail. The modeled dimensions of two components of this anomaly are 0.32 Ha and 0.2 Ha at depths of 32 m & 14 m for the deposits to the West and the East respectively. Garnet data for the Boya-02 occurrence reports a maximum Pmin value of 49.7 kbar (207 garnets). These data demonstrate the high diamond potential which assumes a conductive cratonic geotherm of 40 mWm2.

关键词： Exploratoire Massif Kimberlitique Kasaï Oriental

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