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Capsule endoscopy and panendoscopy:A journey to the future of gastrointestinal endoscopy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第10期30卷 1270-1279页

作者： Bruno rosa JoséCotter Department of Gastroenterology Hospital da Senhora da OliveiraGuimarães 4835-044Portugal Life and Health Sciences Research Institute School of MedicineUniversity of MinhoBraga 4710-057Portugal ICVS/3B's PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga 4710-057Portugal

In 2000,the small bowel capsule revolutionized the management of patients with small bowel disorders.Currently,the technological development achieved by the new models of double-headed endoscopic capsules,as miniaturized devices to evaluate the small bowel and colon[pan-intestinal capsule endoscopy(PCe)],makes this non-invasive procedure a disruptive concept for the management of patients with digestive disorders.This technology is expected to identify which patients will require conventional invasive endoscopic procedures(colonoscopy or balloon-assisted enteroscopy),based on the lesions detected by the capsule,i.e.,those with an indication for biopsies or endoscopic treatment.The use of PCe in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases,namely Crohn’s disease,as well as in patients with iron deficiency anaemia and/or overt gastrointestinal(GI)bleeding,after a non-diagnostic upper endoscopy(esophagogastroduodenoscopy),enables an effective,safe and comfortable way to identify patients with relevant lesions,who should undergo subsequent invasive endoscopic procedures.The recent development of magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy to evaluate the upper GI tract,is a further step towards the possibility of an entirely non-invasive assessment of all the segments of the digestive tract,from mouth-to-anus,meeting the expectations of the early developers of capsule endoscopy.

关键词： Non-invasive endoscopy Panendoscopy Magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy Crohn’s disease Digestive bleeding

Interactions between maternal parity and feed additives drive the composition of pig gut microbiomes in the post‑weaning period

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1241-1257页

作者： Kayla Law eduardo rosa Medina Garcia Chad Hastad Deborah Murray Pedro e.Urriola Andres Gomez Department of Animal Science University of Minnesota1364 Eckles AvenueSaint PaulMN 55108USA New Fashion Pork 164 Industrial ParkwayJacksonMN 56143USA

Background Nursery pigs undergo stressors in the post-weaning period that result in production and welfare chal-lenges.These challenges disproportionately impact the offspring of primiparous sows compared to those of mul-tiparous counterparts.Little is known regarding potential interactions between parity and feed additives in the post-weaning period and their effects on nursery pig microbiomes.Therefore,the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of maternal parity on sow and offspring microbiomes and the influence of sow parity on pig fecal microbi-ome and performance in response to a prebiotic post-weaning.At weaning,piglets were allotted into three treat-ment groups:a standard nursery diet including pharmacological doses of Zn and Cu(Con),a group fed a commercial prebiotic only(Preb)based on an Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract,and a group fed the same prebiotic plus Zn and Cu(Preb+ZnCu).Results Although there were no differences in vaginal microbiome composition between primiparous and mul-tiparous sows,fecal microbiome composition was different(R^(2)=0.02,P=0.03).The fecal microbiomes of primiparous offspring displayed significantly higher bacterial diversity compared to multiparous offspring at d 0 and d 21 post-weaning(Perences in community composition observed at d 21(R^(2)=0.03,P=0.04).When analyzing the effects of maternal parity within each treatment,only the Preb diet triggered significant microbiome distinc-tions between primiparous and multiparous offspring(d 21:R^(2)=0.13,P=0.01;d 42:R^(2)=0.19,P=0.001).Composi-tional differences in pig fecal microbiomes between treatments were observed only at d 21(R^(2)=0.12,P=0.001).Pigs in the Con group gained significantly more weight throughout the nursery period when compared to those in the Preb+ZnCu group.Conclusions Nursery pig gut microbiome composition was influenced by supplementation with an Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract,with varying effects on performance when combined with pharmacological levels of Zn

关键词： Aspergillus prebiotic Copper Feed additives Maternal Nursery pig microbiome Parity Swine microbiome Trace minerals Zinc

Rheological and stability analysis of cement pastes incorporating silica-based wastes

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Particuology 2024年第6期89卷 144-152页

作者： Julia da rosa Martins Janaíde Cavalcante Rocha Dachamir Hotza Luciano Senff Graduate Program in Materials Science and engineering(PPGMAT) Federal University of Santa Catarina(UFSC)Florianópolis88040-900SCBrazil Graduate Program in Civil engineering(PPGeC) Federal University of Santa Catarina(UFSC)Florianópolis88040-900SCBrazil Graduate Program in Chemical engineering(POSeNQ) Federal University of Santa Catarina(UFSC)Florianópolis88040-900SCBrazil Department of Mobility engineering Federal University of Santa Catarina(UFSC)Joinville89219-600SCBrazil

This study investigates the influence of waste characteristics,especially zeta potential,on the properties of cement pastes and solutions.The focus is to evaluate the impact of the zeta potential of cement particles and waste materials on the sedimentation speed,rheology,and hardening time of stabilized cement pastes.Portland Cement II F 40,retarder additive,silica,and fly ash were used in the research.The pastes were prepared,and during the stabilization period,their rheological properties and pH were evaluated.The zeta potential and sedimentation speed of the cement and waste particles were measured at the pH that the pastes presented during the entire stabilization period.After the stabilization period,the pastes were subjected to the hardening time test.The zeta potential analyses revealed diverse values for the different powder types,with the cement particles exhibiting a zeta potential of−3.0 mV,the silica particles exhibiting−10.5 mV,and the fly ash particles exhibiting−20.3 mV.The influence of the high zeta potential modulus was observed on the sedimentation speed,with the solution containing fly ash exhibiting a speed of 40.01μm/s,whereas the solution containing only cement exhibited a speed of 99.38μm/s.In the pastes,the results indicate that the presence of fly ash particles with a significantly negative zeta potential led to a 16%reduction in hardening time compared to particles with a lower modulus of zeta potential.Rheometry tests showed that the inclusion of fly ash particles prevented the formation of agglomerates.Although the zeta potential influenced agglomerate formation and hardening time,it was found to have no effect on yield stress or viscosity.

关键词： Wastes Zeta potential Setting time Rheometry

Initial coin offerings(ICOs):Why do they succeed?

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Financial Innovation 2022年第1期8卷 233-267页

作者： JoséCampino Ana Brochado Álvaro rosa Instituto Universitário de Lisboa(ISCTe-IUL) Business Research Unit(BRU-IUL)LisbonPortugal Instituto Universitário de Lisboa(ISCTe-IUL) DINÂMIA’CETLisbonPortugal

Recent literature has addressed initial coin offering(ICO)projects,which are an innovative form of venture financing through cryptocurrencies using blockchain technology.Many features of ICOs remain unexplored,leaving much room for additional research,including the success factors of ICO projects.We investigate the success of ICO projects,with our main purpose being to identify factors that influence a project’s outcome.Following a literature review,from which several potential variables were collected,we used a database comprising 428 ICO projects in the banking/financial sector to regress several econometric models.We confirmed the impacts of several variables and obtained particularly valuable results concerning project and campaign variables.We confirmed the importance of a well-structured and informative white-paper.The proximity to certain markets with high availability of financial and human capital is also an important determinant of the success of an ICO.We also confirm the strong dependency on cryptocurrency and the impact of cryptocurrency valuations on the success of a project.Furthermore,we confirm the importance of social media in ICO projects,as well as the importance of human capital characteristics.Our research contributes to the ICO literature by capturing most of the success factors previously identified and testing their impacts based on a large database.The current research contributes to the building of systems theory and signaling theory by adapting their frameworks to the ICO environment.Our results are also important for regulators,as ICOs are mainly unregulated and have vast future potential,and for investors,who can benefit from our analysis and use it in their due diligence.

关键词： Initial coin offering(ICO) Fintech Bank Financial services Technology Blockchain Innovation Venture capital Crowdfunding Success

environmental degradation through mining for energy resources:The case of the shrinking Laguna Santa rosa wetland in the Atacama Region of Chile

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Energy Geoscience

energy Geoscience 2022年第2期3卷 182-190页

作者： Mohammad Ayaz Alam rosa Sepúlveda Departamento de Geología Facultad de IngenieríaUniversidad de AtacamaAvenida Copayapu 485CopiapoRegion de AtacamaChile

As the world strives to replace fossil fuels with clean energy e reflected by global surge in the number of electric vehicles e the environmental impact of mining all the lithium(Li)needed to enable such a transformation has become a problem in its own right.In South America,the biggest problem is the excessive use of water in Li extraction process in one of the driest areas in the world.Apart from causing severe friction over water rights between local communities and mining companies,it puts enormous pressure on the region's fragile and poorly understood wetland ecosystems.Wetlands are one of the most threatened ecosystems on the earth,despite their great importance as habitats for a vast number of species and corresponding to one of the most productive environments.Present work is the outcome of an investigation on Laguna Santa rosa's(LSR)vulnerability resulting from ongoing metal mining operations in its surroundings that require a large volume of water extracted from local aquifers,in addition to a high evaporation rate in the area.This groundwater-dependent wetland will soon be further vulnerable with the commencement of water-intensive Li mining at Salar de Maricunga,with the extraction project already having an environmental impact study approved.Sustainability of this wetland protected under the Ramsar Convention and home to numerous wildlife species habiting this highland sector of the Andean Cordillera is vital for the associated ecosystems.The variation in the water surface area of LSR has been deciphered through the application of a Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper(TM)satellite image collection.This has been done both for the hydrological year 2016e2017 and 1993-2014 period.A decreasing trend in the water surface area of LSR,a hypersaline lake at the southern extreme of Salar de Maricunga,a salt flat in the Atacama Region of Chile,was observed through the study of satellite images between 1993 and 2014,showing shrinking of this wetland.However,this shrinking trend was punctuated by extreme rainfall and cons

关键词： Laguna Santa rosa Salar de Maricunga Lithium Water Wetland ecosystem

exercise during weight loss improves hepatic mitophagy

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2022年第3期4卷 183-189页

作者： Megan e.rosa-Caldwell Kaylee e.Poole Andrew Seija Matthew P.Harris Nicholas P.Greene Joshua S.Wooten Cacheixia Research Laboratory Exercise Science Research CenterDepartment of HealthHuman Performanceand RecreationUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleARUSA Department of Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMAUSA Department of Applied Health Southern Illinois University EdwardsvilleEdwardsvilleILUSA

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)has recently become a public health concern concurrent with the obesity crisis.Previous work has shown aberrant mitochondrial content/quality and autophagy in models of NAFLD,whereas exercise is known to improve these derangements.The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of different weight-loss modalities on hepatic mitochondrial content,autophagy and mitophagy in NAFLD.Forty-eight male C57BL/6J mice were divided into 1 of 4 groups:low fat diet(LFD,10%fat,18 weeks),high fat diet(HFD,60%fat diet,18 weeks),weight-loss by diet(D,60%fat diet for 10 weeks then 10%fat diet for 8 weeks)or weight-loss by diet and physical activity(D/PA,60%fat diet for 10 weeks,then 10%fat diet plus a running wheel for 8 weeks).Immunoblot data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA)with significance denoted at pein contents were approximately 50%less in HFD compared to LFD.D/PA had 50%more BNIP3 compared to HFD.PINK1 content was 40%higher in D and D/PA compared to LFD.PPARKIN/PARKIN levels were 40%lower in HFD,D,and D/PA compared to LFD.Whereas p-UbSer65 was 3-fold higher in HFD.LC3II/I ratio was 50%greater in HFD and D/PA,yet p62 protein content was 2.5 fold higher in HFD.High-fat diet causes disruptions in markers of mitochondrial quality control.Physical activity combined with diet were able to ameliorate these derangements and seemingly improve hepatic mitochondrial quality above control values.

关键词： Autophagy High-fat diet Mitochondria Hepatic metabolism

Psychophysics in the ophthalmological practice—I.visual acuity

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Annals of eye Science 2022年第4期7卷 50-64页

作者： Carlo Aleci Claudio rosa Department of Ophthalmology University of TurinMolinette HospitalTurinItaly

Perception is the ability to see,hear,or become aware of external stimuli through the senses.Visual stimuli are electromagnetic waves that interact with the eye and elicit a sensation.Sensations,indeed,imply the detection,resolution,and recognition of objects and images,and their accuracy depends on the integrity of the visual system.In clinical practice,evaluating the integrity of the visual system relies greatly on the assessment of visual acuity,that is to say on the capacity to identify a signal.Visual acuity,indeed,is of utmost importance for diagnosing and monitoring ophthalmological diseases.Visual acuity is a function that detects the presence of a stimulation(a signal)and resolves its detail(s).This is the case of a symbol like“e”:the stimulus is detected,then it is resolved as three horizontal bars and a vertical bar.In fact,within the clinical setting visual acuity is usually measured with alphanumeric symbols and is a three-step process that involves not only detection and resolution,but,due to the semantic content of letters and numbers,their recognition.Along with subjective(psychophysical)procedures,objective methods that do not require the active participation of the observer have been proposed to estimate visual acuity in non-collaborating subjects,malingerers,or toddlers.This paper aims to explain the psychophysical rationale underlying the measurement of visual acuity and revise the most common procedures used for its assessment.

关键词： Visual acuity(VA) Landolt eTDRS preferential looking Oktotype

Compositional Features of Fine Sediments Involved in the Montescaglioso Landslide(Southern Italy)

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Journal of earth Science 2022年第6期33卷 1513-1525页

作者： Vito Summa rosa Sinisi eleonora Paris Agnese emanuela Bonomo National Research Council Institute of Methodologies for Environmental AnalysisC/da S.Loja 85050Tito ScaloItaly School of Science and Technology Geology DivisionUniversity of Camerino62032CamerinoItaly

This paper presents the multidisciplinary study of the southern Italy Plio-Pleistocene sediments involved in the large Montescaglioso Landslide.The principal aim of the work is to assess the compositional characters(i.e.,grain-size,mineralogy,petrography and geochemistry)and some rheological features(Atterberg’s limits,plasticity index and activity)of these sediments to enrich our knowledge about the Montescaglioso fine sediments and correlation among the lithological properties studied.Two types of sediments,from a deep geognostic borehole and from the surrounding landslide area,were collected and analysed.No significant compositional differences have been found between the core and landslide area sediments.Conversely,some changes have been detected in sediments along the core.Particularly,the-15 to-20 m lithostratigraphic level hosts the highest percentages of phyllosilicates and clay fraction(CF),commonly considered as possible hazard factors for the landslide triggering.Further more,in the studied core sediments,the CF contents correlate with the Atterberg’s liquid and plastic limits and a CF value of about 38%was suggested as threshold value for the changing of index properties of sediments.Other factors,such as the weathering degree and clay mineral type,do not show significant correlations with the rheological properties of sediments here studied.

关键词： grain-size mineralogy geochemistry index properties Plio-Pleistocene sediments

Materials for the study of the locus operandi in the search for missing persons in Italy

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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第3期7卷 371-377页

作者： Pier Matteo Barone rosa Maria Di Maggio Silvia Mesturini Archaeology and Classics Program American University of RomeRomeItaly Geoscienze Forensi ItaliaVR-Forensic Geoscience RomeItaly Comitato Scientifico Ricerca Scomparsi RomeItaly Studio Legale e Criminologico Mesturini LivornoItaly

Geographic profiling,or locus operandi,is a scientific approach that has been applied to forensic investigations for several years.However,it has never been applied to a phenomenon as complex as the search for missing persons.This article presents three Italian case studies in which geographic profiling was used to narrow the areas to search for missing persons.The geographical data were mapped and processed on a geographic information system platform using computational geometry analysis.However,these disappearances occurred during the Italian lockdown period,imposed to address the COVID-19 outbreak,which made the searches slower and more complex than usual.

关键词： Forensic sciences geographic profiling locus operandi geographic information systems missing persons