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Landslide risk perception and communication for disaster risk management in mountain areas of developing countries：a Mexican foretaste

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Journal of Mountain Science 2016年第12期13卷 2079-2093页

作者： Irasema ALCáNTARA-ayala Ana rosa MORENO Institute of Geography National Autonomous University of Mexico(UNAM)Ciudad UniversitariaCoyoaedn04510Mexico CityMexico Faculty of Medicine Department of Public HealthNational Autonormous University of Mexico(UNAM)Ciudad UniversitariaCoyoacan04510Mexico CityMexico

The increasing impact of disasters at local,national,regional and global scales in recent decades has provided enough evidence to urgently direct attention towards the necessity of disaster risk reduction and management,and this requires knowledge.Knowledge without communication is barren,and to communicate the risk of disaster it is necessary to understand the perception of the people at risk.In particular,this paper deals with the necessity to delineate strategies of risk communication in pursuance of risk knowledge as a core of disaster risk reduction and management,especially in mountain areas of developing countries.To portray this issue,an analysis of landslide risk perception in terms of experience,landslide risk awareness,exposure,preparedness,and risk communication and trust was undertaken in the municipality of Teziutlán,Puebla,Mexico,an area that has been affected for several decades by episodes of mass movement.Analysis of the responses to a risk perception questionnaire has offered valuable insights in terms of the information and knowledge most required by the people living in the area of interest,in order to devise a realistic and functional strategy to communicate the risk of a landslide disaster.This includes better understanding of controlling factorsand drivers of this risk,and the establishment of potential trusted sources of risk communication.Beyond considering practical matters of risk assessment and management,risk perception and communication can increase the resilience of vulnerable people,and can enhance capacity building for present and future generations.

关键词：风险管理发展中国家山地灾害墨西哥滑坡能力建设区域尺度经验分析

Body and Muscle Growth of Pre-Larvae and Larvae of Turbot, <i>Scophthalmus Maximus</i>L., Reared at Three Different Temperatures

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2015年第4期5卷 402-410页

作者： María Dolores ayala María Jesús Lago rosa Cal Departamento de Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas Facultad de Veterinaria Universidad de Murcia Murcia Spain Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO) Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo Subida a Radio Faro Vigo Spain

Three turbot groups were kept at 15℃ - 16℃ (Cold Temperature, T), 17℃ - 18℃ (ambient T) and 21℃ - 22℃(warm T) during the larval development in order to study the thermal influence on muscle growth and larval development in this species. During the early stages (2 - 6 days of post-hatching), the body and the muscle growth was scarce, although the hyperplasia increased slightly, being higher at ambient and at cold T than at warm T. In contrast, the highest value of hypertrophy was found in the warm group. At 15 days of age, the body length and muscle growth increased in all the groups, being significantly higher in the warm than in the rest of groups. Thus, the highest values of both the hypertrophy and the hyperplasia of the white muscle fibres were reached at warm T, although it was only significant for the hyperplasia. The end of the metamorphosis was reached at 29 days of age in the warm group, whereas in the rest of groups it was no observed yet. At this developmental stage, the warm group showed the typical morphological mosaic of the myotome, and it was accompanied by an increase of the transverse area of the white and the red muscles, parallel to an increase of both the hypertrophy and the hyperplasia of the muscle fibres. The hyperplasia of the white fibres was the parameter most significantly increased. Also, the body length increased significantly in this group, reaching ≈ 1.6 cm at this stage.

关键词： Growth Development Temperature Muscle Fibres

Production, Detection and Cross-Reactivity of Anti-Polysaccharide Antibodies from Environmental Fungi

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2014年第10期5卷 815-822页

作者： Rafael Andrade Menolli Thais Soprani ayala Pablo Rodrigo da rosa Claudia Rejane Lima de Macedo Costa Erica Fernanda Osaku Rosiane G. Mello Zibetti Centro de Ciências Médicas e Farmacêuticas Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Cascavel Brasil Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Cascavel Brasil Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe Curitiba Brasil

The diagnosis of Invasive Fungal Disease (IFD) is difficult because the sensitivity of conventional culture and cytology methods for the detection of Aspergillus is poor, and because serological methods exhibit cross-reactivity with environmental fungi. Fungal polysaccharides are of particular interest in the serologic diagnosis of IFD, especially galactomannan (GM) and glucan, which have been recognized as useful tools for the diagnosis of fungal infections. Further investigation into polysaccharide antibody cross-reactivity is important in improving diagnostic tests. Our aim was to verify the production of antibodies against fungal antigens in mice immunized with exopolysaccharides (EPS) obtained from three fungal species (Aspergillus terreus, Paecilomyces variotii and Curvularia brachyspora). ELISA assays were performed to evaluate homologous and heterologous reactions and showed anti-polysaccharide antibodies production. EPS from A. terreus was immunogenic enough to immunize the animal and lead to antibody production against this EPS. In addition, no cross-reactivity was observed with EPS obtained from P. variotii and C. brachyspora. The EPS from P. variotii did not exhibit good immunogenicity, whereas EPS from C. brachyspora showed good immunogenicity, and heterologous reactions were detected on the ELISA assays performed using the EPS from this species. The results indicate that immunization can occur for environmental fungal polysaccharides, generating antibodies may be interfere in serological diagnosis that are based on detection of fungal polysaccharides, mainly glucans and galactomannans.

关键词： Exopolysaccharides Environmental Fungi Immunization

在经历 transcatheter 的病人的 atrial 纤维性颤动的临床、预示的含意大动脉的阀门培植

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World Journal of Cardiology 2012年第1期4卷 8-14页

作者： Pablo Salinas Raúl Moreno Luis Calvo Santiago Jiménez-Valero Guillermo Galeote Angel Sánchez-Recalde Teresa López-Fernández Sergio Garcia-Blas Diego Iglesias Luis Riera Isidro Moreno-Gómez Jose María Mesa Ignacio Plaza Rocio ayala rosa Gonzalez José-Luis López-Sendón Division of Interventional Cardiology University Hospital La Paz Unit of Echocardiography University Hospital La Paz Department of Cardiology University Hospital La Paz Vascular Surgery University Hospital La Paz Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia University Hospital La Paz Cardiac Surgery University Hospital La Paz Department of Cardiology Hospital Infanta Sofia Department of Cardiology Hospital de la Cruz Roja

AIM: To study a cohort of consecutive patients under-going transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and compare the outcomes of atrial fibrillation (AF) patients vs patients in sinus rhythm (SR). METHODS: All consecutive patients undergoing TAVI in our hospital were included. The AF group comprised patients in AF at the time of TAVI or with history of AF, and were compared with the SR group. Procedural, echocardiographic and follow-up variables were compared. Likewise, the CHA 2 DS 2-VASC stroke risk score and HAS-BLED bleeding risk score and antithrombotic treatment at discharge in AF patients were compared with that in SR patients. RESULTS: From a total of 34 patients undergoing TAVI, 17 (50%) were allocated to the AF group, of whom 15 (88%) were under chronic oral anticoagulation. Patients in the AF group were similar to those in the SR group except for a trend (P = 0.07) for a higher logistic EuroSCORE (28% vs 19%), and a higher prevalence of hypertension (82% vs 53%) and chronic renal failure (17% vs 0%). Risk of both stroke and bleeding was high in the AF group (mean CHA 2 DS 2-VASC 4.3, mean HAS-BLED 2.9). In the AF group, treatment at discharge included chronic oral anticoagulation in all except one case, and in association with an antiplatelet drug in 57% of patients. During a mean follow-up of 11 mo (maximum 32), there were only two strokes, none of them during the peri-procedural period: one in the AF group at 30 mo and one in the SR group at 3 mo. There were no statistical differences in procedural success, and clinical outcome (survival at 1 year 81% vs 74% in AF and SR groups, respectively, P = NS). CONCLUSION: Patients in AF undergoing TAVI show a trend to a higher surgical risk. However, in our cohort, patients in AF did not have a higher stroke rate compared to the SR group, and the prognosis was similar in both groups.

关键词： Aortic stenosis Transcatheter aortic valve implantation Stroke Atrial fibrillation