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New insights on chitinases immunologic activities

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World Journal of Immunology 2016年第2期6卷 96-104页

作者： Michelino Di rosa Violetta maria Brundo Lucia Malaguarnera Department of Biomedical and Biotechnology Sciences University of Catania Department of Biological Geological and Environmental Sciences University of Catania

Mammalian chitinases and the related chilectins （ChiLs） belong to the GH18 family, which hydrolyse the glycosidic bond of chitin by a substrate-assisted mechanism. Chitin the fundamental component in the coating of numerous living species is the most abundant natural biopolymer. Mounting evidence suggest that the function of the majority of the mammalian chitinases is not exclusive to catalyze the hydrolysis of chitin producing pathogens, but include crucial role specifc in the immunologic activities. The chitinases and chitinase-like proteins are expressed in response to different proinflammatory cues in various tissues by activated macrophages, neutrophils and in different monocyte-derived cell lines. The mechanism and molecular interaction of chitinases in relation to immune regulation embrace bacterial infection, infammation, dismetabolic and degenerative disease. The aim of this review is to update the reader with regard to the role of chitinases proposed in the recent innate and adaptive immunity literature. The deep scrutiny of this family of enzymes could be a useful base for further studies addressed to the development of potential procedure directing these molecules as diagnostic and prognostic markers for numerous immune and infammatory diseases.

关键词： Chitinases Chitinase like proteins Chronic infammation Immune regulation Autoimmunity

Clinical Characterization and Frequency of Observation of Hereditary Retinal Diseases： Multicentric Study in Panama in 2012-2013

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2016年第11期4卷 618-630页

作者： Juan Manuel Mufioz Cuellar rosa maria Coco Martin Institute of Ofialmo-Biologia Aplicada (IOBA) University of Valladolid Valladolid 47011 Spain

Retinal dystrophies are genetically determined diseases, implying the loss of function of the retina with a wide phenotypic and genotypic variability. There are very few phenotypic, genotypic and epidemiological data on retinal dystrophies in Latin America. The Objective of this study is to describe the epidemioiogical and clinical characteristics of hereditary retinal and choroidal diseases, in retina practices in Panama. A descriptive study, from 2012 to 2013, was performed in the main retina practices in Panama. All detected patients were given a free appointment to gather their phenotypic characteristics and pedigrees. An incidence of five new cases per year, and an accumulated incidence of 5.35 patients per I0,000 was calculated for the public hospitals. A frequency of 2.7 cases per 1,000 patients was observed in the main retina practices, where 69% had rod-cone dystrophies, 14.3% cone-rod dystrophies, 7.1% Stargardt disease, 4.8% Stargardt-like macular dystrophy and two patients presented other dystrophies. Blindness was the main family antecedent （45.2%）. Retinal pigment was present in 59% and strabismus in 21.4% of the patients. Rod-cone and cone-rod dystrophies had similar geographic distribution and the autosomal recessive inheritance pattern was the most frequently observed. This study gives the first phenotypic data of retinal dystrophies in Panama to orient clinicians for a better diagnosis and phenotyping-genotyping correlation for retinal dystrophies in Central America.

关键词： Retinal dystrophies retinitis pigmentosa rod-cone dystrophy cone-rod dystrophy Stargardt disease phenotypiccharacterization.

Patterns of morphometric variation in the alpine newt (Mesotriton alpestris) at the southern limit of its distribution: environmental correlates

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Integrative Zoology 2008年第2期3卷 123-133页

作者： Konstantinos SOTIROPOULOS Anastasios LEGAKIS rosa maria POLYMENI Section of Zoology-Marine Biology Zoological Museum Department of BiologyUniversity of AthensAthensGreece

We applied multivariate analyses to an array of body measures of alpine newt specimens derived from 11 localpopulations in Greece to describe, analyse and detect patterns and putative causes of within-population andamong-population morphometric variation. The observed morphometric variation was partitioned into several independentlyvarying aspects of the external phenotype, frequently following variation patterns in different environmentalfactors. The size and features of the aquatic habitat were found to affect body size, while altitude was foundto affect head-shape variation in both sexes. At the intra-population level, variation in generalized body size andshape was found to be significantly lower when competitive newt species were present in the habitat, indicatingstabilizing selection towards a decrease in inter-specific competition. No clear discrimination on body size andshape proportions was detected between the two genetic lineages examined, implying ecogenetic or environmentallyinduced variation rather than phylogeny.

关键词： body size/shape environment Greece Mesotriton alpestris morphometrics

Detection of hyper-conserved regions in hepatitis B virus X gene potentially useful for gene therapy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第19期24卷 2095-2107页

作者： Carolina González David Tabernero maria Francesca Cortese Josep Gregori rosario Casillas Mar Riveiro-Barciela Cristina Godoy Sara Sopena Ariadna Rando Marcal Yll rosa Lopez-Martinez Josep Quer Rafael Esteban maria Buti Francisco Rodríguez-Frías Liver Pathology Unit Departments of Biochemistry and MicrobiologyHospital Universitari Vall d’HebronUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelona 08035Spain Liver Unit Liver Disease Laboratory-Viral HepatitisVall d’Hebron Institut Recerca-Hospital Universitari Vall d’HebronUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelona 08035Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas(CIBERehd) Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid 28029Spain Roche Diagnostics SL Sant Cugat del Vallès 08174Spain Liver Unit Department of Internal MedicineHospital Universitari Vall d'HebronUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelona 08035Spain

AIM To detect hyper-conserved regions in the hepatitis B virus(HBV) X gene(HBX) 5' region that could be candidates for gene *** The study included 27 chronic hepatitis B treatmentnaive patients in various clinical stages(from chronic infection to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, both HBeA g-negative and HBeA g-positive), and infected with HBV genotypes A-F and H. In a serum sample from each patient with viremia > 3.5 log IU/m L, the HBX 5' end region [nucleotide(nt) 1255-1611] was PCRamplified and submitted to next-generation sequencing(NGS). We assessed genotype variants by phylogenetic analysis, and evaluated conservation of this region by calculating the information content of each nucleotide position in a multiple alignment of all unique sequences(haplotypes) obtained by NGS. Conservation at the HBx protein amino acid(aa) level was also *** NGS yielded 1333069 sequences from the 27 samples, with a median of 4578 sequences/sample(2487-9279, IQR 2817). In 14/27 patients(51.8%), phylogenetic analysis of viral nucleotide haplotypes showed a complex mixture of genotypic variants. Analysis of the information content in the haplotype multiple alignments detected 2 hyper-conserved nucleotide regions, one in the HBX upstream non-coding region(nt 1255-1286) and the other in the 5' end coding region(nt 1519-1603). This last region coded for a conserved amino acid region(aa 63-76) that partially overlaps a Kunitz-like *** Two hyper-conserved regions detected in the HBX 5' end may be of value for targeted gene therapy, regardless of the patients' clinical stage or HBV genotype.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis B X gene Hepatitis B X protein Gene therapy Next-generation sequencing HBV conserved regions Small interference RNA

Effect of a program to control perioperative blood glucose on the incidence of nosocomial infections in patients with diabetes: A pilot study

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2012年第2期2卷 238-244页

作者： Javier Ena rosa Casan maria Jose Carratala Edith Leutscher Department of Internal Medicine Hospital Marina BaixaAlicanteSpain Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Hospital Marina BaixaAlicanteSpain Division of Preventive Medicine Hospital Marina BaixaAlicanteSpain

Aim: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a pilot program to control perioperative blood glucose in patients with diabetes. Methods: A pre-post intervention study was conducted in a 280-bed hospital in Spain. In the year 2008 we implemented perioperative insulin protocols aimed at blood glucose values from 80 to 180 mg/dL. Surgical patients with diabetes admitted on year 2009 (intervention group) were compared with a control group of patients with diabetes admitted for surgery on year 2007, matched 1:1 by traditional wound class. Results: We analyzed 96 patients. Implemented protocols were followed in 48% of patients intra-operatively and 75% of patients postoperatively. Patients in the intervention group had reductions in blood glucose at surgery 150 +/- 61 mg/dL vs. 172 +/- 53 mg/dL;p = 0.05), greater proportion of target glucose values throughout hospitalization (67% vs. 55%;p = 0.07), and reductions in the incidence of nosocomial infections after controlling for confounders (Odds Ratio: 0.20;95% Confidence intervals: 0.06 - 0.72;p = 0.014) when they were compared with the control group: The incidence of hypoglycemia was similar between two groups (0.12% vs. 0.10%, p = 0.867), respectively. Conclusion: Although our protocol needs improvements to increase implementation it was useful to control blood glucose safely and for reducing nosocomial infections.

关键词： Diabetes Insulin/Administration and Dosage/Therapeutic Use Surgical Site Infection Nosocomial Infection

Are Polymers Toxic？ Case Study： Environmental Impact of a Biopolymer

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2017年第3期6卷 121-126页

作者： Giovanna Mercado Martha Dominguez Israel Herrera rosa maria Melgoza Environmental Engineering and Sustainable Technologies Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Autonomous University of the State of Morelos Cuernavaca 62209 Mexico Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Center for Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences Autonomous University of the State of Morelos Cuernavaca 62209 Mexico Center for Energy Environmental and Technological Research Madrid 28040 Spain

In this paper, the analysis of the environmental impacts of a biopolymer based on starch is presented. These impacts were calculated from a cradle to gate LCA （Life Cycle Assessment）, based on UNEEN ISO 14040：2006 and UNEEN ISO 14044, using as functional unit 1 kg of produced biomaterial. The impact categories analyzed were global wanning, ozone depletion, acidification and eutrophication. The results indicate that the electricity causes the highest impacts in the global warming and ozone depletion categories, but compared to synthetic polymers, the emissions are low. Finally, in the case of eutrophication, the impacts are similar to other biopolymers but higher in comparison with petroleum-based polymers like HDPE （High Density Polyethylene）, LDPE （Low Density Polyethylene）, PP （Polypropylene）, PS （Polystyrene） and PET （Polyethylene Terephthalate）.

关键词： Polymer biopolymer LCA environmental impacts.

Using Response Surface Methodology and High-Intensity Sweeteners’ Positive Synergy to Optimize Peach Nectar Acceptability

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第5期4卷 503-509页

作者： Lauro Melo Juliana maria Porto Cardoso Juliana rosa Battochio Helena maria André Bolini Department of Biochemical Engineering School of Chemistry Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Department of Food and Nutrition University of Campinas Campinas Brazil

Combining the high-intensity sweeteners’ positive synergy with response surface methodology (RSM), it is possible to optimize food and beverage products liking, masking undesired sensory attributes and reducing costs and consumers’ additives intake (up to 50%). A RSM based on a five-level, two variable central composite rotatable designs (CCRD) was applied, varying aspartame and acesulfame-K concentrations in order to optimize consumers’ sensory liking (n = 118) for peach nectar in terms of appearance, aroma, flavor, and overall liking. Statistically valid models were found for flavor and overall liking attributes and highest liking values were found for samples combining the two sweeteners (therefore overcoming acesulfame-K’s sensory limitations) in lower concentrations, confirming the synergetic effect and allowing cost reduction and less additives intake, without losing sensory quality.

关键词： Sweetener Blends Aspartame Acesulfame-K CCRD RSM Sensory Evaluation

Environmental Approaches during Planning and Construction Stages of Hydropower Projects in Mexico

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2015年第10期6卷 1186-1195页

作者： maria Antonieta Gomez-Balandra maria del Pilar Saldana-Fabela rosa Dina Llerandi-Juarez Hydrobiology and Environmental Assessment Department Mexican Institute of Water TechnologyMorelosMexico 2Discipline of Compensations Resettlements and EcologyFederal Commission of Electricity(CFE)Mexico CityMexico

During the Environmental Impact Assessment procedure (EIA) for hydropower projects, apart from the compliance with environmental standards and regulations, important environmental and ecosystem changes are foreseen from planning and construction stages. In Mexico, the EIA and environmental standards are being systematically applied and fulfilled at planning and construction stages for hydropower projects. These are mainly related to control air emissions, solid and hazardous wastes, water discharges and deal with protected species. In addition, due to land use changes, forestry compensation procedures have already been established. To comply with project approval conditions, an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is carried out during construction;it includes mitigation measures, standards, regulations and approval conditions resulting of project review and in some cases requests from the public audience. Monitoring is carried out in the area of influence that is in the works and where it is expected that natural processes are modified. However, indicators to track these changes are minimal. This paper analyzes the regulatory and organizational frameworks to address environmental management during the planning and construction of hydropower facilities in Mexico and gives recommendations to expand the scope of the supervision and management of ecosystem changes.

关键词： Environment Hydro Project Requirement Mexico

Novel aspects of tRNA-derived small RNAs with potential impact in infectious diseases

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2013年第5期4卷 17-25页

作者： maria rosa Garcia-Silva Florencia Cabrera-Cabrera maria Catalina Güida Alfonso Cayota Department of Medicine Hospital de Clínicas Montevideo Uruguay Laboratory of Functional Genomics Institute Pasteur of Montevideo Montevideo Uruguay

The complete understanding of the growing catalog of regulatory non-coding RNAs is going to shed light in different aspects of a wide range of pathogenic mechanisms in human diseases. This review was aimed to highlight recent advances in the small non- coding RNA world that could have implications in the development of new strategies in medical sciences. Among the diverse group of small non-coding RNAs, we highlight the group of tRNA-derived fragments as molecules known for a long time which have recently emerged as novel regulators influencing several aspects of cell biology. We describe here recent advances in the field of tRNA-derived fragments playing key roles in the biology of some infectious agents, including E. coli, A. fumigatus, G. lamblia, Ascaris, T. cruzi, Virus, Prions and a brief overview linking them to cancer biology. Additionally, we focus on the potential implications of these molecules in future biotechnological applications in the development of new biomarkers and as new therapeutic targets.

关键词： Non-Coding RNAs Small tRNAs tRFs tRNA Halves Infectious Diseases