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Artificial intelligence in gastroenterology:where are we heading?

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Frontiers of Medicine 2020年第4期14卷 511-517页

作者： Joseph JY Sung Nicholas CH poon Institute of Digestive Disease Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Big Data Decision Analytic Cancer The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Artificial intelligence(AI)is coming to medicine in a big *** making diagnosis in various medical conditions,following the latest advancements in scientific literature,suggesting appropriate therapies,to predicting prognosis and outcome of diseases and conditions,AI is offering unprecedented possibilities to improve care for *** is a field that AI can make a significant *** is partly because the diagnosis of gastrointestinal conditions relies a lot on image-based investigations and procedures(endoscopy and radiology).AI-assisted image analysis can make accurate assessment and provide more information than conventional *** integration of genomic,epigenetic,and metagenomic data may offer new classifications of gastrointestinal cancers and suggest optimal personalized *** managing relapsing and remitting diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease,irritable bowel syndrome,and peptic ulcer bleeding,convoluted neural network may formulate models to predict disease outcome,enhancing treatment *** and surgical robots can also assist surgeons in conducting gastrointestinal *** the advancement and new opportunities are exciting,the responsibility and liability issues of AI-assisted diagnosis and management need much deliberations.

关键词： artificial intelligence endoscopy robotics gastrointestinal diseases

Anisotropic edge enhancement in optical scanning holography with spiral phase filtering

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Chinese Optics Letters 2016年第1期14卷 21-25页

作者： Kelly K. Dobson 贾伟 Ting-Chung poon Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Virginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061USA Lab of Information Optics and Optoelectronic Technology Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China

Anisotropic edge enhancement is simulated using a spiral phase plate （SPP） in optical scanning holography （OSH）. We propose to use a delta function and an SPP as the pupil functions to realize anisotropic edge enhancement. The interference of these two pupils is used to two-dimensionally scan an object to record its edge-only information. This is done in three ways： first, by shifting the SPP, second, by using two offset SPPs of same charge, and finally, by using two oppositely charged SPPs. Our computer simulations show the capability of selectively enhancing the edges of a given obiect.

关键词： Delta functions Electron holography Holography Scanning Surface plasmon resonance

Prophylactic uses of integrin CD18-βA peptide in a murine polymicrobial peritonitis model

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第21期16卷 2648-2656页

作者： Kwong-Fai Wong Jana Wo David Ho ronnie T poon José M Casasnovas John M Luk Department of Pharmacology and Surgery National University Hospital SystemNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117597Singapore Department of Surgery Queen Mary HospitalPokfulamHKSARHong KongChina Centro Nacional de Biotecnología CSICCampus Universidad Autónoma28049 MadridSpain

AIM:To evaluate the prophylactic properties of integrin CD18-βA peptide in a murine model of abdominal polymicrobial peritonitis and ***:Bacterial sepsis was induced in Institute of Cancer Research(ICR) mice by cecal ligation and puncture(CLP) *** mice were then injected with either sterile saline or CD18-βA peptide intraperitoneally at 2 h after surgery,and were sacrificed at 12 and 24 h after *** samples were immediately collected,and analyzed for endotoxin activity and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α and interleukin(IL)-*** and liver were studied for CD45+ leukocyte and CD3 mRNA *** expression of intercellular adhesion molecule(ICAM)-1,vascular cell adhesion molecule(VCAM) and E-selectin was also ***:Intraperitoneal injection of CD18-βA peptide significantly suppressed circulating endotoxin activity(P<0.01) at 24 h,as well as serum levels of TNF-α(P<0.05 at 12 and 24 h) and IL-6(P<0.01 at 12 h,P<0.05 at 24 h) in CLP-inflicted ***18-βA peptide also abrogated leukocyte infiltration into liver and lungs as unveiled by reduced CD45+ leukocyte and CD3 mRNA ***,the peptide significantly reduced pulmonary expression of VCAM(P<0.01 at 12 h,P<0.001 at 24 h),E-selectin(P<0.01 at 12 and 24 h),and ICAM-1(P<0.01 at 12 h,P<0.001 at 24 h).These actions of CD18-βA peptide collectively protected septic mice against lethality(P<0.01).CONCLUSION:CD18-βA peptide is a potent endotoxin antagonist that can protect surgical patients against sepsis-associated lethality.

关键词： Bacterial endotoxin Integrin CD18 Inflammation Biotherapeutic peptide

Use of microbial fuel cells to monitor current production in Qi-deficient liver cells

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2016年第2期36卷 231-237页

作者： Karen poon Liang Lexin Xu Chang Wang Ruihua Program of Food Science and Technology Division of Science and Technology Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College Program of Food Science and Technology Division of Science and Technology Beijing Normal University–Hong Kong Baptist University United International College Department of Chemistry HongKong Baptist University Hong Kong SAR Department of Gastroenterology Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University

OBJECTIVE:To monitor current production in Qi-deficient liver cells,and to study how cellular proton leakage might affect electric current ***:Cells were placed in an microbial fuel cells(MFC)anode and the electric current was ***-affecting chemicals,2,4-dinitrophenol(DNP)and resveratrol(RVT),were used to induce proton leakage in cells and their effect on current production ***-7 breast cancer cells exhibited higher proton leakage relative tonormal liver cells.A mouse model for Qi-deficiency was prepared according to the Methodology of Animal Experiment in Chinese *** Qi-tonics Buzhongyiqi Tang(BZYQT),which is used to treat the Qi-deficiency condition,was applied to Qi-deficient liver cells to examine how current production was ***:Adding either DNP or RVT to normal liver cells increased current ***-7 cells that possessed high proton leakage were also found to produce higher currents than normal liver *** current production,lower cellular glucose content,and lower adenosine triphosphate(Atp)production rate were found in Qi-deficient liver cells,in which the use of DNP or RVT further increased current *** use of BZYQT to treat Qi-deficient liver cells decreased current production,counteracted the action of DNP,and also improved cellular glucose ***:High electric current production was found in liver cells with high cellular proton *** current responses to both mitochondria-affecting chemicals,DNP and RVT,appeared to indicate proper mitochondrial *** high proton leakage detected in Qi-deficient liver cells might have caused high energy losses,which served to explain the observed lower cellular glucose content and Atp production rate than in normal *** results might also explain the exhibited syndromes of low energy and fatigue in Qi-deficient *** leakage,induced by DNP or the Qi-deficient condition,was possibly caused

关键词： Qi deficiency Hepatocytes Bioelectric energy sources Electric current Proton leakage 2 4-Dinitrophenol Resveratrol Oxidative phosphorylation

Feature Representation in the Biclustering of Symptom-Herb Relationship in Chinese Medicine

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2011年第9期17卷 663-668页

作者： Josiah poon 罗哲张润顺 School of Information Technologies University of Sydney School of Information Technologies University of Sydney Guang'anmen Hospital China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences

Objective：To find an appropriate feature representation in the biclustering of symptom-herb relationship in Chinese medicine（CM）.Methods： Four different representation schemes were tested in identifying the complex relationship between symptoms and herbs using a biclustering algorithm on an insomnia data *** representation schemes were effective count,binary value,relative success ratio,or modified relative success *** comparison of the schemes was made on the number and size of biclusters with respect to different threshold *** and Conclusions：The modified relative success ratio scheme was the most appropriate feature representation among the four *** of the biclusters selected from this representation scheme were known to follow the therapeutic principles of CM,while others may offer clues for further clinical investigations.

关键词： feature representation biclustering Chinese medicine symptom-herb relationship

Model investigation of the low-carbon MgO-treated soil foundation based on CO_(2) overall carbonation

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第11期15卷 2901-2916页

作者： Guanghua Cai Songyu Liu Yuqing Zhong Chisun poon Jiangshan Li School of Civil Engineering Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China Institute of Geotechnical Engineering School of TransportationSoutheast UniversityNanjing211189China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong999077China State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China

The overall carbonation of MgO-admixed soil provides not only an efficient and environmentally friendly technique for improving soft ground but also a permanently safe solution for CO_(2) *** evaluate the carbon sequestration potential and promote the carbonation application in soil improvement,a laboratory-scale model investigation is designed under pressurized carbonation considering the influences of MgO dosage and CO_(2) ventilation mode(way).The temperature,dynamic resilience modulus,and dynamic cone penetration(DCP)were tested to assess the carbonation treatment *** physical,strength,and microscopic tests were also undertaken to reveal the evolution mechanisms of CO_(2) migration in the MgO-carbonated *** results indicate that the temperature peaks of MgO-treated foundation emerge at w20 h during hydration,but occur at a distance of 0e25 cm from the gas source within 6 h during *** dynamic resilience moduli of the model foundation increase by more than two times after carbonation and the DCP indices reduce *** the distance from the gas inlet increases,the bearing capacity,strength,and carbon sequestration decrease,whereas the moisture content *** to the end ventilation,the middle ventilation produces a higher carbonation degree and a wider carbonation *** cementation and filling of nesquehonite and dypingite/hydromagnesite are verified to be critical factors for carbonation evolution and enhancing mechanical ***,the overall carbonation model is described schematically in three stages of CO_(2) *** outcomes would help to facilitate the practical application of CO_(2) sequestration in soil treatment.

关键词： Model investigation Overall carbonation Reactive MgO Engineering properties Microscopic characteristics

Spreadsheet quality assurance:a literature review

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第2期18卷 61-82页

作者： Pak-Lok poon Man Fai LAU Yuen Tak YU Sau-Fun TANG School of Engineering and Technology Central Queensland UniversityMelbourne 3000Australia Department of Computing Technologies Swinburne University of TechnologyHawthorn 3122Australia Department of Computer Science City University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR 999077China The Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital East Melbourne 3002Australia

Spreadsheets are very common for information processing to support decision making by both professional developers and non-technical end ***,business intelligence and artificial intelligence are increasingly popular in the industry nowadays,where spreadsheets have been used as,or integrated into,intelligent or expert systems in various application ***,it has been repeatedly reported that faults often exist in operational spreadsheets,which could severely compromise the quality of conclusions and decisions based on the *** a view to systematically examining this problem via survey of existing work,we have conducted a comprehensive literature review on the quality issues and related techniques of spreadsheets over a 35.5-year period(from January 1987 to June 2022)for target journals and a 10.5-year period(from January 2012 to June 2022)for target *** other findings,two major ones are:(a)Spreadsheet quality is best addressed throughout the whole spreadsheet life cycle,rather than just focusing on a few specific stages of the life cycle.(b)Relatively more studies focus on spreadsheet testing and debugging(related to fault detection and removal)when compared with spreadsheet specification,modeling,and design(related to development).As prevention is better than cure,more research should be performed on the early stages of the spreadsheet life *** by our comprehensive review,we have identified the major research gaps as well as highlighted key research directions for future work in the area.

关键词： decision support system end-user computing end-user programming Excel spreadsheet

Professional practice in prosramming larse public buildinss in China： A questionnaire survey

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2013年第2期2卷 222-233页

作者： Ying Denga S.W. poon Department of Civil Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of Real Estate and Construction The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

China＇s large public buildings （LPBs） often become problematic after on｜y a few years＇ operation, leading to shortened building lifespans. Lacking architectural programming was identified by the industry regulators as a contributing factor to this. Despite a policy shift on the government side since 2007, little evaluation of the actual situation has been made. To raise awareness and attention to this pressing issue from the building industry, its regulators and the general public, a questionnaire survey focusing on the top-tier sector of professional practice in programming LPBs was carried out in Shanghai, China in 2009. The objectives were to evaluate current trends and pressing issues, identify major challenges and opportunities, and make recommendations for improvement. This paper presents a six-part analysis of the survey＇s findings from 57 professionals and clients who shared their hands-on experience on various programming issues and provided first-hand data of 90 LPBs developed in the 2000s. This pioneering study revealed significant gaps between the real and best practices as well as the mentat reluctance and skill mismatch in delivering quality programming services. Given the persisting nature of identified problems, more research work should be done to catatyze a paradigmatic shift amon industry players.

关键词： Architectural programming The early stages Large public building(LPB) Questionnaire surveyChina

Tumor cyclooxygenase-2 levels correlate with tumor invasiveness in human hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第13期11卷 1896-1902页

作者： TerenceC.Tang ronnieT.poon CeciliaP.Lau Danxie SheungTatFan CentrefortheStudyofLiverDisease andDepartmentofSurgerytheUniversityofHongKongPokfulamHongKongChina DepartmentofClinicalOncology theUniversityofHongKongPokfulamHongKongChina

ABM: Recent studies suggested that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enhances tumor angiogenesis via upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Although COX-2 expression has been demonstrated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the significance of COX-2 in progression of HCC remains unclear. This study evaluated the clinico-pathological correlation of COX-2 level and its relationship with VEGF level in HCC. METHODS: Fresh tumor tissues were obtained from 100 patients who underwent resection of HCC. COX-2 protein expression was examined by immunohistochemistry, and quantitatively by an enzyme immunometric assay (EIA) of tumor cytosolic COX-2 levels. Tumor cytosolic VEGF levels were measured by an ELISA. RESULTS: Immunostaining showed expression of COX-2 in tumor cells. Tumor cytosolic COX-2 levels correlated with VEGF levels (r = 0.469,P<0.001). Correlation with clinicopathological features showed significantly higher tumor cytosolic COX-2 levels in the presence of multiple tumors (P = 0.027), venous invasion (P = 0.030), microsatellite lesions (P=0.037) and advanced tumor stage (P = 0.008). Higher tumor cytosolic COX-2 levels were associated with worse patient survival. CONCLUSION: This study shows that elevated tumor COX-2 levels correlate with elevated VEGF levels and invasiveness in HCC, suggesting that COX-2 plays a significant role in the progression of HCC.

关键词： Cyclooxygenase-2 Vascular endothelial growth factor Hepatocellular carcinoma