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Discovery of a high-altitude ecotype and ancient lineage of Arabidopsis thaliana from Tibet

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Science Bulletin 2017年第24期62卷 1628-1630页

作者： Liyan Zeng Zhuoya Gu Min xu Ning Zhao Weidong Zhu Takahiro Yonezawa Tianmeng Liu Lha Qiong Tashi Tersing Lingli xu Yang Zhang rongyan xu Ningyu Sun Yanyan Huang Jiankun Lei Liang Zhang Feng Xie Fang Zhang Hongya Gu Yupeng Geng Masami Hasegawa Ziheng Yang M. James C. Crabbe Fan Chen Yang Zhong Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering School of Life Sciences Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center Fudan University Shanghai 201508 China Institute of Biodiversity Science and Geobiology College of Sciences Tibet University Lhasa 850000 China Institute of Forest Inventory Planning and Research of Tibet Autonomous Region Lhasa 850010 China Three Gorges Center for Food and Drug Control Yichang 443005 China Institute of Mathematical Statistics Midori-cho 10-3 Tachikawa Tokyo 190-8562 Japan Tibet Museum of Natural Science Lhasa 850000 China h Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Champaign IL 61801 USA Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Champaign IL 61801 USA School of Computer Science Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China School of Urban Rail Transportation Soochow University Suzhou 215131 China Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China School of Life Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China School of Life Sciences Yunnan University Kunming 650091 China Department of Genetics Evolution and Environment University College London Darwin Building Cower Street London WCIE 6BT United Kingdom Department of Zoology University of Oxford Tinbergen Building South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PS United Kingdom Institute of Biomedical and Environmental Science & Technology Department of Life Sdences University of Bedfordshire Park Square Luton LU1 3JU United Kingdom Shanghai Center for Bioinformation Technology Shanghai 201203 China

Arabidopsis thaliana（A, thaliana） has long been a model species for dicotyledon study, and was the first flowering plant to get its genome completed sequenced . Although most wild A. thaliana are collected in Europe, several studies have found a rapid A. thaliaria west-east expansion from Central Asia . The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau （QTP） is close to Central Asia and known for its high altitude, unique environments and biodiversity . However, no wild-type A. thaliana had been either discovered or sequenced from QTP. Studies on the A. thaliana populations collected under 2000 m asl have shown that the adaptive variations associated with climate and altitudinal gradients .

关键词： Discovery a high-altitude ecotype ancient lineage of Arabidopsis thaliana from Tibet

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缫丝花的营养、保健和药用价值研究进展

植物生理学报 2021年第7期57卷 1393-1400页

作者：路朝徐荣艳胡永红李以康上海辰山植物园中国科学院上海辰山植物科学研究中心上海市资源植物功能基因组学重点实验室上海201602 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所中国科学院高原生物适应与进化重点实验室青海省寒区恢复生态学重点实验室西宁810008 上海应用技术大学生态技术与工程学院上海201418

缫丝花(Rosa roxburghii)别名刺梨,是蔷薇科多年生落叶灌木,主要分布在我国的西南地区。缫丝花果实不仅含有糖类、有机酸、氨基酸、脂肪酸、维生素、微量元素等营养成分,还含有多种具有药理活性的成分,如超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、黄酮类化... 详细信息

缫丝花(Rosa roxburghii)别名刺梨,是蔷薇科多年生落叶灌木,主要分布在我国的西南地区。缫丝花果实不仅含有糖类、有机酸、氨基酸、脂肪酸、维生素、微量元素等营养成分,还含有多种具有药理活性的成分,如超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、黄酮类化合物、三萜类化合物、植物甾醇、多糖等,特别是维生素C的含量高居果蔬之首,具有较高营养、保健和药用价值。为深入了解缫丝花的功效,本文将近年来有关缫丝花的营养和药理活性物质及其功效方面的研究做一综述。

关键词：缫丝花营养成分超氧化物歧化酶维生素C 药用价值

Riverine sulfate sources and behaviors in arid environment,Northwest China:Constraints from sulfur and oxygen isotopes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 716-731页

作者： Yifu xu Wenjing Liu Bing xu Zhifang xu Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Innovation Academy for Earth Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The fate of riverine sulfate ion (SO_(4)^(2-)) and its environmental effects in arid environment are difficult to evaluate due to its complicated sources and strongly coupled behaviors with water cycle which is significantly modified by *** understand the sulfur cycle in aquatic systems in arid environment,the chemical and sulfur and oxygen isotopic compositions (δ^(34)S_(SO4)and δ^(18)O_(SO4)) of major rivers around the Badain Jaran Desert,northwestern China,were *** rivers had averaged SO_(4)^(2-)content at 1336μmol/L,over 10times higher than the global *** δ^(34)S_(SO4)and δ^(18)O_(SO4)values ranged from-5.3‰to+11.8‰and+1.6‰to+12.8‰,*** end-member analysis and the inverse model showed that riverine sulfate was mainly derived from evaporites dissolution (0-87%),sulfide oxidation (13%-100%) and precipitation (0-33%),indicating heterogeneity in sulfur sources and behaviors along the river drainage with the lithology variations and climate *** isotopic tools combining with hydro-chemistry compositions could be applied to reveal sulfur cycle in arid *** on the calculation,sulfide oxidation plays the primary role in the headwater and upstream in the Qilian-Mountains area,where sulfide is widely *** the proportion of evaporites dissolution contributing to riverine sulfate is much higher in downstream in a drier ***,less precipitation and higher temperature can lead to more intensive evaporation,affecting the process of sulfide oxidation and enhancing the rates of evaporites dissolution and sulfate precipitation in the basin.

关键词： Sulfur and oxygen isotopes Source apportionment Inverse model Arid environment Inland rivers Northwestern China

嗜热子囊菌光孢变种内切葡聚糖酶I基因在毕赤酵母中的表达及部分酶学性质

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应用与环境生物学报 2009年第3期15卷 419-422页

作者：张亚波刘连盟徐荣燕李多川山东农业大学环境生物系泰安271018 中国水稻研究所杭州310006

嗜热子囊菌是一种嗜热真菌,可以产生具有很高工业价值的内切葡聚糖酶.本研究成功表达了嗜热子囊菌内切葡聚糖酶Ⅰ基因,并获得热稳定的重组内切葡聚糖酶.提取嗜热子囊菌光孢变种(Thermoascus aurantiacus ***)总RNA,通过RT-PCR方法克隆... 详细信息

嗜热子囊菌是一种嗜热真菌,可以产生具有很高工业价值的内切葡聚糖酶.本研究成功表达了嗜热子囊菌内切葡聚糖酶Ⅰ基因,并获得热稳定的重组内切葡聚糖酶.提取嗜热子囊菌光孢变种(Thermoascus aurantiacus ***)总RNA,通过RT-PCR方法克隆出内切-β-葡聚糖酶eg1基因的成熟肽编码序列.采用基因重组的方法构建该基因的巴斯德毕赤酵母Pichia pastoris分泌型表达载体pPIC9K-eg1,经线性化后采用电穿孔法将其导入毕赤酵母GS115中,大量筛选后获得高效表达内切葡聚糖酶Ⅰ的毕赤酵母工程菌株GpN24.该菌株采用甲醇诱导120h后,内切葡聚糖酶Ⅰ的活力可达570.7U/mL,最适温度为55℃,在90℃的条件下保温30min后仍具有60%的酶活力;最适pH为5.0,在pH3.0～5.0的条件下酶活力保持稳定.

关键词：纤维素酶内切葡聚糖酶嗜热子囊菌光孢变种嗜热真菌毕赤酵母

Laboratory evaluation of high-friction thin overlays for pavement preservation

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第6期18卷 936-948页

作者： Ouming xu Rentao xu Lintong JIN School of Highway Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710064China School of Materials Science and Engineering Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710061China

Traditional asphalt concrete(AC)and stone matrix asphalt(SMA),which are used as thin asphalt overlays,are common maintenance strategies to enhancing ride quality,skid resistance,and ***,several studies have used a novel asphalt mixture known as a high-friction thin overlay(HFTO)to improve surface ***,it remains uncertain whether the laboratory properties of HFTO differ significantly from those of conventional *** study aims to evaluate the laboratory properties of HFTO mixtures and compare them with those of AC and *** mixtures with nominal maximum size of 9.5 mm were produced in the laboratory,and performance tests were conducted,including wheel tracking test,low temperature flexural creep test,moisture susceptibility test,Cantabro Abrasion Test,Marshall Test,sand patch test,British pendulum test,and indoor tire-rollingdown *** results showed that the HFTO exhibited a lower tire/pavement noise than the AC and ***,HFTO had superior high-temperature stability,larger macro texture,and higher skid resistance in comparison to those of AC,but lower than those of ***,HFTO mixtures may be considered a suitable replacement for traditional AC mixtures in regions where skid resistance and noise reduction are concerns.

关键词： road engineering pavement maintenance high friction thin overlay performance skid resistance tire/pavement noise

Aldehyde oxidase mediated enantioselective metabolic health risk of dinotefuran

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第6期67卷 2079-2091页

作者： Liwei xu Xinxin xu Hua Kuang Chuanlai xu Xiaoling Wu State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China Collaborative Innovation center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China

Chiral pollutants often pose significant differential environmental health *** this study,the biotransformation of chiral dinotefuran(DIN)and its enantioselective metabolic toxicity mechanisms have been systemically ***,reversedphase chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry was developed to quantify the content of DIN R/S chiral enantiomer with pg level sensitivity,revealing a lower elimination rate constant(K_(e))of S-DIN(0.730 h^(-1))than R-DIN(0.746 h^(-1)).Secondly,the interaction mechanism between DIN metabolism and important endogenous bioactive molecules,such as aldehyde oxidase(AOX)and neurotransmitters,was *** DIN nitro-group was converted into a guanidine group by the reducing site of nearby flavin adenine dinucleotide(FAD)in AOX with the preferred higher affinity of ***,the endogenous tryptophan(Trp)aldehyde metabolic intermediate,5-hydroxyindoleacetaldehyde(5-HIAL),provides a persistent electron donor for DIN reduction via the oxidation-catalyzed site in AOX,resulting in remarkable up-regulation of monoamine neurotransmitters such as serotonin and ***,the higher level of neurotransmitters further mediated dysregulation of oxylipin homeostasis via the serotonergic pathway,where S-DIN exhibited more pronounced liver lipid damage and environmental health risk with the accumulated lipid biomarkers,oxidized triglyceride(OxTG)and oxidized sphingomyelin(OxSM).This study elucidates the AOX-mediated enantioselectivity metabolic pathway of DIN,providing a new analytical method for chiral pollutants and paves the way for their health risk assessments.

关键词： neonicotinoid dinotefuran enantiomer aldehyde oxidase metabolomics health risk

Granting strength to aerogel fibers through encapsulation

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Science China Materials 2024年第4期67卷 1365-1366页

作者： Wenhui xu Department of Basic Chemistry School of PharmacyJiangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanchang 330004China

Aerogel fibers, distinguished by their lightweight nature, pronounced porosity, large surface area, and superior thermal insulation properties, have diversified applications in thermal management, energy devices, and environmental remediation[1]. However, compared with monolithic ones, these fibershaped aerogels exhibit limited mechanical strength and resilience due to their one-dimensional small size.

关键词： strength fibers thermal

Skeletal interoception in osteoarthritis

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Bone Research 2024年第2期12卷 241-254页

作者： Dinglong Yang Jiawen xu Ke xu Peng xu Department of Joint Surgery Honghui HospitalXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710054China Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China

The interoception maintains proper physiological conditions and metabolic homeostasis by releasing regulatory signals after perceving changes in the internal state of the *** its various forms,skeletal interoception specifically regulates the metabolic homeostasis of ***(OA)is a complex joint disorder involving cartilage,subchondral bone,and *** subchondral bone undergoes continuous remodeling to adapt to dynamic joint *** findings highlight that skeletal interoception mediated by aberrant mechanical loads contributes to pathological remodeling of the subchondral bone,resulting in subchondral bone sclerosis in *** skeletal interoception is also a potential mechanism for chronic synovial inflammation in *** this review,we offer a general overview of interoception,specifically skeletal interoception,subchondral bone microenviroment and the aberrant subchondral *** also discuss the role of skeletal interoception in abnormal subchondral bone remodeling and synovial inflammation in OA,as well as the potential prospects and challenges in exploring novel OA therapies that target skeletal interoception.

关键词： homeostasis inflammation releasing

Malware Evasion Attacks Against IoT and Other Devices: An Empirical Study

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第1期29卷 127-142页

作者： Yan xu Deqiang Li Qianmu Li Shouhuai xu School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China Department of Computer Science University of Colorado Colorado SpringsColorado SpringsCO 80918USA

The Internet of Things(loT)has grown rapidly due to artificial intelligence driven edge *** enabling many new functions,edge computing devices expand the vulnerability surface and have become the target of malware ***,attackers have used advanced techniques to evade defenses by transforming their malware into functionality-preserving *** systematically analyze such evasion attacks and conduct a large-scale empirical study in this paper to evaluate their impact on *** specifically,we focus on two forms of evasion attacks:obfuscation and adversarial *** the best of our knowledge,this paper is the first to investigate and contrast the two families of evasion attacks *** apply 10 obfuscation attacks and 9 adversarial attacks to 2870 malware *** obtained findings are as follows.(1)Commercial Off-The-Shelf(COTS)malware detectors are vulnerable to evasion attacks.(2)Adversarial attacks affect COTS malware detectors slightly more effectively than obfuscated malware examples.(3)Code similarity detection approaches can be affected by obfuscated examples and are barely affected by adversarial attacks.(4)These attacks can preserve the functionality of original malware examples.

关键词： Android malware obfuscation adversarial examples