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基于新课标的数学中考试卷评析及建议

教学与管理 2024年第6期 103-108页

作者：伍荣洁沈建民周双湖州师范学院教师教育学院浙江湖州313000

数学课程学业质量标准是学业水平考试命题及评价的依据。基于课程标准分析中考试卷能帮助教师更深刻地理解和更好地执行课程标准,促进“教—学—评”一致。为此,基于《义务教育数学课程标准(2022年版)》,从试卷的整体结构、蕴含的核心... 详细信息

数学课程学业质量标准是学业水平考试命题及评价的依据。基于课程标准分析中考试卷能帮助教师更深刻地理解和更好地执行课程标准,促进“教—学—评”一致。为此,基于《义务教育数学课程标准(2022年版)》,从试卷的整体结构、蕴含的核心素养和难易程度三个视角作为切入点,分析了2023年四省八市中考数学卷,并提出试卷命题改进与教学的几点建议:研读数学课标,以核心素养为导向;重视情境创设,发展学生数学思维;融入数学文化,提升学生文化素养。

关键词：数学课程标准中考试卷核心素养学业要求 SOLO评价理论

DeepLogic:Priority Testing of Deep Learning Through Interpretable Logic Units

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第04期33卷 948-964页

作者： Chenhao LIN Xingliang ZHANG Chao shen Faculty of Electronic and Infomation Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University

With the increasing deployment of deep learning-based systems in various scenes, it is becoming important to conduct sufficient testing and evaluation of deep learning models to improve their interpretability and robustness. Recent studies have proposed different criteria and strategies for deep neural network(DNN) ***, they rarely conduct effective testing on the robustness of DNN models and lack interpretability. This paper proposes a new priority testing criterion, called DeepLogic, to analyze the robustness of the DNN models from the perspective of model interpretability. We first define the neural units in DNN with the highest average activation probability as “interpretable logic units”. We analyze the changes in these units to evaluate the model's robustness by conducting adversarial attacks. After that, the interpretable logic units of the inputs are taken as context attributes, and the probability distribution of the softmax layer in the model is taken as internal attributes to establish a comprehensive test prioritization framework. The weight fusion of context and internal factors is carried out, and the test cases are sorted according to this priority. The experimental results on four popular DNN models using eight testing metrics show that our DeepLogic significantly outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： Deep learning Measurement Analytical models Artificial neural networks Robustness Probability distribution Logic

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Ge_(20)Se_(80-x)Te_(x)玻璃网络结构演变及理论带隙-玻璃性能评价

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物理学报 2024年第14期73卷 185-192页

作者：夏克伦管永年顾杰荣贾光仵苗苗沈祥刘自军宁波海洋研究院宁波315832 宁波大学全省先进光功能材料及器件重点实验室宁波315211

开发特殊性能红外材料是目前提升红外光学系统性能的关键,硫系玻璃作为组分-性能可调的红外材料无疑成为了热门选项.Se基与Te基玻璃涵盖中波、长波红外窗口,是最典型的红外器件应用材料之一,通过对Ge_(20)Se_(80–x)Te_(x)玻璃体系的结... 详细信息

开发特殊性能红外材料是目前提升红外光学系统性能的关键,硫系玻璃作为组分-性能可调的红外材料无疑成为了热门选项.Se基与Te基玻璃涵盖中波、长波红外窗口,是最典型的红外器件应用材料之一,通过对Ge_(20)Se_(80–x)Te_(x)玻璃体系的结构与性能分析,阐述了Te含量对该玻璃体系结构与性能演变的规律.随着Te含量的增大,玻璃转变温度(Tg)受网络结构及平均键能的影响先升高后降低,密度与折射率近似线性的梯度增高,阿贝数逐渐增大,而维氏硬度几乎不随Te含量的变化而变化,断裂韧性随Te含量的增大而降低.针对平均配位数无法评价两种及以上同族元素组成的玻璃体系问题,成功建立了理论带隙-玻璃性能评价体系,并对Ge_(20)Se_(80–x)Te_(x)玻璃体系的密度、折射率、阿贝数、断裂韧性等参数与理论带隙建立了函数关系,该体系可用于快速评估玻璃组分与性能.

关键词：红外材料硫系玻璃理论带隙玻璃性能

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Which Neighborhoods Have Easier Access to Online Home Delivery Services?A Spatiotemporal Accessibility Analysis in Nanjing,China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2024年第4期34卷 722-738页

作者： KONG Yu ZHEN Feng ZHANG Shanqi shen Lizhen School of Architecture and Urban Planning Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Provincial Engineering Research Center of Smart City Planning and Digital Governance Nanjing 210093China

The rise in online home delivery services(OHDS)has had a significant impact on how urban services are supplied and used in recent *** on the spatial accessibility of OHDS are emerging,but few is known about the temporal dimension of OHDS accessibility as well as the geographic and socioeconomic differences in the spatiotemporal accessibility of *** study measures the spatiotemporal accessibility of four types of OHDS,namely leisure,fresh and convenient,medical,and catering *** geographic and socioeconomic disparities in the spatiotemporal accessibility of these four types of OHDS are then identified using spatial statistical methods and the Kruskal-Wallis test(K-W test).The case study in Nanjing,China,suggests that:1)spatiotemporal accessibility better reflects the temporal variation of OHDS accessibility and avoids overestimation of OHDS accessibility when only considering its spatial dimension.2)The spatiotemporal accessibility of OHDS varies geographically and *** located in the main city or neighborhoods with higher housing prices,higher population density,and higher point of interest(POI)mix have better OHDS spatiotemporal *** study contributes to the understanding of OHDS accessibility from a spatiotemporal perspective,and the empirical insights can assist policymakers in creating intervention plans that take into account variations in OHDS spatiotemporal accessibility.

关键词： online home delivery services(OHDS) spatiotemporal accessibility neighborhoods accessibility differences Nanjing City China

Molecular mechanism of flowering time regulation in Brassica rapa:similarities and differences with Arabidopsis

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第3期10卷 615-628页

作者： Na Li Rui Yang Shuxing shen Jianjun Zhao State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of HebeiCollaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in HebeiCollege of HorticultureHebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingHebei 071000China

Properly regulated flowering time is pivotal for successful plant *** floral transition from vegetative growth to reproductive growth is regulated by a complex gene regulatory network that integrates environmental signals and internal conditions to ensure that flowering takes place under favorable *** rapa is a diploid Cruciferae species that includes several varieties that are cultivated as vegetable or oil *** time is one of the most important agricultural traits of *** crops because of its influence on yield and *** transition to flowering in *** is regulated by several environmental and developmental cues,which are perceived by several signaling pathways,including the vernalization pathway,the autonomous pathway,the circadian clock,the thermosensory pathway,and gibberellin(GA)*** signals are integrated to control the expression of floral integrators BrFTs and BrSOC1s to regulate *** this review,we summarized current research advances on the molecular mechanisms that govern flowering time regulation in *** and compare this to what is known in Arabidopsis.

关键词： Flowering time Brassica rapa Vernalization Photoperiod

Power equipment vibration visualization using intelligent sensing method based on event-sensing principle

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Global Energy Interconnection 2024年第2期7卷 228-240页

作者： Mingzhe Zhao Xiaojun shen Lei Su Zihang Dong Tongji University No.1239 Siping RoadYangpu DistrictShanghai 200092P.R.China State Grid Shanghai Municipal Electric Power Company Electric Power Science Research Institute Shanghai 200437P.R.China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Imperial College LondonLondonSW72AZU.K.

Vibration measurements can be used to evaluate the operation status of power equipment and are widely applied in equipment quality inspection and fault ***-sensing technology can sense the change in surface light intensity caused by object vibration and provide a visual description of vibration *** on the analysis of the principle underlying the transformation of vibration behavior into event flow data by an event sensor,this paper proposes an algorithm to reconstruct event flow data into a relationship correlating vibration displacement and time to extract the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the vibration signal.A vibration measurement test platform is constructed,and feasibility and effectiveness tests are performed for the vibration motor and other power *** results show that event-sensing technology can effectively perceive the surface vibration behavior of power and provide a wide dynamic ***,the vibration measurement and visualization algorithm for power equipment constructed using this technology offers high measurement accuracy and *** results of this study provide a new noncontact and visual method for locating vibrations and performing amplitude-frequency analysis on power equipment.

关键词： Power equipment Event sensing Non contact measurement Graphic display Feasibility

An mmWave Dual-Band Integrated Substrate Gap Waveguide Single Cavity Filter with Frequency Selectivity

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China Communications 2024年第1期21卷 188-199页

作者： Qiuhua Lin Dongya shen Lihui Wang Zhiyong Luo School of Electronics and Communication Engineering Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen 518107China School of Information Science and Engineering Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Pengcheng Laboratory Shenzhen 518107China shenzhen Key Laboratory of Navigation and Communication Integration Shenzhen 518107China

A novel dual-band ISGW cavity filter with enhanced frequency selectivity is proposed in this paper by utilizing a multi-mode coupling *** cavity is designed to control the number of modes,and then the ports are determined by analyzing the coupling relationship between these selected *** synthesizing the coupling matrix of the filter,a nonresonating node(NRN)structure is introduced to flexibly tune the frequency of modes,which gets a dualband and quad-band filtering response from a tri-band filter no the ***,a frequency selective surface(FSS)has been newly designed as the upper surface of the cavity,which significantly improves the bad out-of-band suppression and frequency selectivity that often exists in most traditional cavity filter designs and *** results show that its two center frequencies are f01=27.50 GHz and f02=32.92GHz,*** with the dual-band filter that there is no the FSS metasurface,the out-of-band suppression level is improved from measured 5 dB to18 dB,and its finite transmission zero(FTZ)numbers is increased from measured 1 to 4 between the two designed *** with the tri-band and quadband filter,its passband bandwidth is expanded from measured 1.17%,1.14%,and 1.13% or 1.31%,1.50%,0.56%,and 0.57% to 1.71% and 1.87%.In addition,the filter has compact,small,and lightweight characteristics.

关键词： coupling topology frequency selectivity non-resonating node(NRN) out-of-band suppression single ISGW cavity filter

A Certified Cubic B-Spline Interpolation Method with Tangential Direction Constraints

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第3期37卷 1271-1294页

作者： HE Shitao shen Liyong WU Qin YUAN Chunming School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China KLMM Academy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Curve interpolation with B-spline is widely used in various areas. This problem is classic and recently raised in application scenario with new requirements such as path planning following the tangential vector field under certified error in CNC machining. This paper proposes an algorithm framework to solve Hausdorff distance certified cubic B-spline interpolation problem with or without tangential direction constraints. The algorithm has two stages: The first stage is to find the initial cubic B-spine fitting curve which satisfies the Hausdorff distance constraint;the second stage is to set up and solve the optimization models with certain constraints. Especially, the sufficient conditions of the global Hausdorff distance control for any error bound are discussed, which can be expressed as a series of linear and quadratic constraints. A simple numerical algorithm to compute the Hausdorff distance between a polyline and its B-spline interpolation curve is proposed to reduce our *** results are presented to show the advantages of the proposed algorithms.

关键词： Cubic B-spline Hausdorff distance interpolation tangential direction

Yangtze River Delta Aerosol liquid water in PM_(2.5)and its roles in secondary aerosol formation at a regional site of Yangtze River Delta

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 684-696页

作者： Ruifang Shi Fei Zhang Yemin shen Jiasi shen Bingye Xu Binyu Kuang Zhengning Xu Lingling Jin Qian Tang Xudong Tian Zhibin Wang College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and ControlZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 311215China Zhejiang Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center Hangzhou 310012China

Aerosol liquid water content(ALWC)plays an important role in secondary aerosol *** this study,a whole year field campaign was conducted at Shanxi in north Zhejiang Province during *** estimated by ISORROPIA-Ⅱ was then investigated to explore its characteristics and relationship with secondary *** exhibited a highest value in spring(66.38μg/m^(3)),followed by winter(45.08μg/m^(3)),summer(41.64μg/m^(3)),and autumn(35.01μg/m^(3)),*** was supposed that the secondary inorganic aerosols(SIA)were facilitated under higher ALWC conditions(RH>80%),while the secondary organic species tended to form under lower ALWC *** RH(>80%)promoted the NO_(3)^(-)formation via gas-particle partitioning,while SO_(4)^(2-)was generated at a relative lower RH(>50%).The ALWC was more sensitive to NO_(3)^(-)(R=0.94)than SO_(4)^(2-)(R=0.90).Thus,the self-amplifying processes between the ALWC and SIA enhanced the particle mass *** sensitivity of ALWC and OX(NO_(2)+O_(3))to secondary organic carbon(SOC)varied in different seasons at Shanxi,more sensitive to aqueous-phase reactions(daytime R=0.84;nighttime R=0.54)than photochemical oxidation(daytime R=0.23;nighttime R=0.41)in wintertime with a high level of OX(daytime:130-140μg/m^(3);nighttime:100-140μg/m^(3)).The self-amplifying process of ALWC and SIA and the aqueous-phase formation of SOC will enhance aerosol formation,contributing to air pollution and reduction of visibility.

关键词： Aerosol liquid water content Nitrate Sulfate Secondary organic compounds Aqueous-phase reaction