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Gut microbiota shifts in hepatitis B-related portal hypertension after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt:Mechanistic and clinical implications

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第3期31卷 134-137页

作者： Qi-rong jiang Da-Wu Zeng Department of Hepatology Hepatology Research InstituteThe First Affiliated HospitalFujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350005Fujian ProvinceChina Department of Infectious Diseases The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350004Fujian ProvinceChina

In this article,we provide commentary on the recent article by Zhao et *** focus on the shifts in the gut microbiota of patients with hepatitis B virus(HBV)-associated cirrhosis/portal hypertension(PH)following transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)and the implications for understanding the mechanisms,diagnosis,and *** comparing the gut microbiota composition and dynamic changes before and after TIPS in patients with and without hepatic encephalopathy,the authors found an increase in non-probiotic bacteria in those who developed hepatic encephalopathy post-TIPS,with Morganella species present only in the hepatic encephalopathy *** gut microbiota changes post-TIPS among patients without the occurrence of hepatic encephalopathy suggest potential therapeutic benefits through prophylactic microbiome ***,the specific gut microbiota alterations may hold promise to predict the risk of hepatic encephalopathy in individuals undergoing TIPS for HBVrelated *** these promising findings,future studies are needed to address limitations,including a small sample size,a relatively short evaluation period for gut microbiota alterations,the absence of data on dynamic alterations in gut microbiota post-TIPS and their correlation with blood ammonia levels,and the lack of validation in animal *** conclusion,Zhao et al's study has shed new light on the link of gut microbiota with post-TIPS hepatic encephalopathy,potentially through the intricate gut-liver axis,and has important clinical implications for improving the management of patients with HBV-related PH.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Cirrhosis Portal hypertension Hepatic encephalopathy Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt Gut microbiota

Diagnosis and treatment of herpangina:Chinese expert consensus

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2020年第2期16卷 129-134页

作者： Hui Yu Xing-Wang Li Quan-Bo Liu Hui-Ling Deng Gang Liu rong-meng jiang Ji-Kui Deng Ying-Zi Ye Jian-Hua Hao Ying-Hu Chen Guang-Min Nong Zhao-Bo Shen Chang-Shan Liu Ying-Xue Zou Jin-Zhun Wu Xing-Dong Wu Bi-Quan Chen Ru-Ping Luo Ai-Wei Lin Yan Chen Xiao-Dong Liu Department of Infectious Diseases Children's Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina Infectious Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center Beijing Ditan Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Infectious Diseases Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of Infectious Diseases The Children's Hospital of Xi'anXi'anChina Department of Infectious Diseases Beijing Children's HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Infectious Diseases Shenzhen Children's HospitalShenzhenChina Department of Internal Medicine Children's Hospital of Kaifeng CityKaifengChina Department of Infectious Diseases The Children's Hospital-Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Department of Pediatrics The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityGuangxiChina Pneumology Department Henan Children's HospitalHenanChina Department of Pediatrics The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina Department of Infectious Diseases Tianjin Children's HospitalTianjinChina Department of Pediatric Pneumology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen UniversityXiamenChina Department of Pediatrics Xiamen Maternal and Child Health Care HospitalXiamenChina Department of Infectious Diseases Anhui Provincial Children's HospitalHefeiChina Department of Infectious Diseases Hunan Children's HospitalHunanChina Department of Infectious Diseases Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong UniversityShandongChina Department of Pediatrics Internal Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina

Background Herpangina is a common infectious disease in childhood caused by an *** consensus is aiming to standardize and improve herpangina prevention and clinical *** The Subspecialty Group of Infectious Diseases,the Society of Pediatric,Chinese Medical Association and Nation Medical Quality Control Center for Infectious Diseases gathered 20 experts to develop the consensus,who are specialized in diagnosis and treatment of *** The main pathogenic serotypes of herpangina include Coxsackievirus-A,Enterovirus-A and *** diagnosis can be rendered on the basis of history of epidemiology,typical symptoms,characteristic pharyngeal damage and virological *** treatment is mainly symptomatic,and incorporates topical oral spray with antiviral *** course of herpangina generally lasts 4-6 days with a good *** The consensus could provide advices and references for the diagnosis,treatment and management of herpangina in children.

关键词： Herpangina Diagnosis Treatment Consensus

Updated diagnosis, treatment and prevention of COVID-19 in children: experts' consensus statement (condensed version of the second edition)

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2020年第3期16卷 232-239页

作者： Kun-Ling Shen Yong-Hong Yang rong-meng jiang Tian-You Wang Dong-Chi Zhao Yi jiang Xiao-Xia Lu Run-Ming Jin Yue-Jie Zheng Bao-Ping Xu Zheng-De Xie Zhi-sheng Liu Xing-wang Li Li-Kai Lin Yun-Xiao Shang Sai-Nan Shu Yan Bai Min Lu Gen Lu Ji-Kui Deng Wan-Jun Luo Li-Juan Xiong Miao Liu Yu-Xia Cui Le-Ping Ye Jia-Fu Li Jian-Bo Shao Li-Wei Gao Yong-Yan Wang Xue-Feng Wang Global Pediatric Pulmonology Alliance China National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases Department of Respiratory MedicineBeijing Children's HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children's HealthBeijingChina Institute of Infectious Disease Beijing Ditan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Center of Hematologic Oncology National Center for Children's HealthBeijing Children's HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Pediatrics Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina Department of Pediatrics Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina Department of Respiratory Medicine Wuhan Children's HospitalTongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina Department of Pediatrics Union Hospital affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina Department of Respiratory Medicine Shenzhen Children's HospitalShenzhenChina China National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases Beijing Institute of PediatricsBeijing Children's HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children's HealthResearch Unit of Critical Infection in ChildrenChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 2019RU016China Department of Neurology Wuhan Children's HospitalTongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina Institute of Hospital Management Wuhan UniversityZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina Department of Pediatric Respiratory Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina Department of Pediatrics Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina Department of Respiratory Medicine Children's Hospital of ShanghaiShanghaiChina Department of Respiratory Medicine Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical CenterGuangzhouChina Department of Infectious Diseases Shenzhen Children's HospitalShenzhenChina Office of Infection Management Wuhan Children's Ho

In the early February,2020,we called up an experts' committee with more than 30 Chinese experts from 11 national medical academic organizations to formulate the first edition of consensus statement on diagnosis,treatment and prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children,which has been published in this *** accumulated experiences in the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 in children,we have updated the consensus statement and released the second edition *** current version in English is a condensed version of the second edition of consensus statement on diagnosis,treatment and prevention of COVID-19 in *** the current version,diagnosis and treatement criteria have been optimized,and early identification of severe and critical cases is *** early warning indicators for severe pediatric cases have been summarized which is utmost important for clinical *** version of experts consensus will be valuable for better prevention,diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 in children worldwide.

关键词： Children COVID-19 Infection SARS-CoV-2 Treatment

Soluble IL-2Rα correlates with imbalances of Th1/Th2 and Tc1/Tc2 cells in patients with acute brucellosis

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第4期9卷 170-170页

作者： Hua-Li Sun Cheng-Jie Ma Xiu-Fang Du Si-Yuan Yang Xiao Lv Hong Zhao Ling-Hang Wang Yun-Xia Tang Xing-Wang Li rong-meng jiang Department of Infectious Diseases The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandongChina The Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Centre Beijing Di Tan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Infectious Diseases the Third People HospitalLinfen CityShanxi ProvinceChina Department of Laboratory Medicine the Third People HospitalLinfen CityShanxi ProvinceChina Center for Infectious Diseases Beijing Di Tan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Background Previous studies showed that soluble IL-2Rαis an important marker of cellular immune activation and might be a marker of treatment efficacy for children with ***,data regarding adult patients with brucellosis were *** aim of study was to explore the potential role of serum sIL-2Rαevaluating treatment responses in adult patients with brucellosis,and T cell immune status was also *** During January 2016–April 2017,30 patients with acute brucellosis from the Third People’s Hospital of Linfen in Shanxi Province and Beijing Di Tan Hospital,and 28 healthy controls were included in this *** blood samples were collected before and after six weeks of antibiotic *** sIL-2Rαlevels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,and the percentage of Th1,Th2,Tc1,Tc2,and Tregs was detected by flow cytometry after intracellular staining for cytokines(interferon-γand interleukin-4)and Foxp3 in T lymphocytes from peripheral *** obtained data were analyzed with Wilcoxon ranked sum tests for paired values,Mann-Whitney U-tests for comparisons between patients and healthy controls,and Spearman rank tests for correlation *** Serum sIL-2Rαlevels were significantly higher in patients than in controls(P=0.001).A significant decline was observed in patients after the cessation of treatment(P0.05).Th1,Tc1,Th2,and Tc2 cell frequencies were higher in patients than in healthy subjects(P<0.05),while the Th1/Th2 and Tc1/Tc2 ratios were significantly lower(P=0.0305 and 0.0005,respectively)and returned to normal levels after *** patients with acute brucellosis,serum sIL-2Rαlevels were negatively correlated with the Th1/Th2 ratio(r=−0.478,P=0.028),Tc1/Tc2 ratio(r=−0.677,P=0.001),and Tc1 percentage(r=−0.516,P=0.017).Serum sIL-2Rαand Tc2 percentages were positively correlated(r=0.442,P=0.045).Conclusions Based on the correlations with Th1/Th2 and Tc1/Tc2 ratios,serum sI

关键词： Brucellosis sIL-2Rα Tc1 Tc2 Th1 Th2

Chinese guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hand, foot and mouth disease (2018 edition)

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2018年第5期14卷 437-447页

作者： Xing-Wang Li Xin Ni Su-Yun Qian Quan Wang rong-meng jiang Wen-Bo Xu Yu-Cai Zhang Guang-Jun Yu Qiang Chen Yun-Xiao Shang Cheng-Song Zhao Hui Yu Ting Zhang Gang Liu Hui-Ling Deng Jie Gao Xian-Gui Ran Qiao-Zhi Yang Bian-Li Xu Xue-Yong Huang Xing-Dong Wu Yi-Xiao Bao Yi-Ping Chen Zhi-Hai Chen Qing-Quan Liu Guo-Ping Lu Chun-Feng Liu rong-Bing Wang Guo-Liang Zhang Fang Gu Hong-Mei Xu Ying Li Tao Yang Infectious Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center Beijing Ditan Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Otorhinolaryngology Head andN eck Surgery Beijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Prediatric Intensive Care Unit Beijing Children’s Hospital of Capit al Medical UniversityBeijingChina National Institute For Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Pre ventionBeijingChina Children’s Hospital ofShanghai Jiaotong University ShanghaiChina Pneumology department Jiangxi Provincial Children’s HospitalNanchangChina Department of P ediatric Pneumology Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina Department of Inf ectious Diseases Beijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Inf ectious Diseases Children’s Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina Digestive Department Children’s Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Inf ectious Diseases The Children’s Hospital of Xi'anXi’anChina Infection Control Offi ce Children’s Hospital ofShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghaiChina Department ofR espiratory Medicine People’s Hospital ofFuy ang CityFuyangChina Department of P ediatrics People’s Hospital of Liaoc heng CityLiaochengChina

Background Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common infectious disease in childhood caused by an enterovirus (EV), and which is principally seen in children under 5 years of age. To promote diagnostic awareness and effective treat-ments, to further standardize and strengthen the clinical management and to reduce the mortality of HFMD, the guidelines for diagnosis and treatment have been developed. Methods National Health Commission of China assembled an expert committee for a revision of the guidelines. The com-mittee included 33 members who are specialized in diagnosis and treatment of HFMD. Results Early recognition of severe cases is utmost important in diagnosis and treatment of patients with HFMD. The key to diagnosis and treatment of severe cases lies in the timely and accurate recognition of stages 2 and 3 of HFMD, in order to stop progression to stage 4. Clinicians should particularly pay attention to those EV-A71 cases in children aged less than 3 years, and those with disease duration less than 3 days. The following indicators should alert the clinician of possible deterioration and impending critical disease: (1) persistent hyperthermia;(2) involvement of nervous system;(3) worsening respiratory rate and rhythm;(4) circulatory dysfunction;(5) elevated peripheral WBC count;(6) elevated blood glucose and (7) elevated blood lactic acid. For treatment, most mild cases can be treated as outpatients. Patients should be isolated to avoid cross-infection. Intense treatment modalities should be given for those severe cases. Conclusion The guidelines can provide systematic guidance on the diagnosis and management of HFMD.

关键词： Diagnosis Guidelines HFMD Treatment

Diagnosis,treatment,and prevention of monkeypox in children:an experts'consensus statement

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第3期19卷 231-242页

作者： rong-meng jiang Yue-Jie Zheng Lei Zhou Lu-Zhao Feng Lin Ma Bao-Ping Xu Hong-Mei Xu Wei Liu Zheng-De Xie Ji-Kui Deng Li-Juan Xiong Wan-Jun Luo Zhi-Sheng Liu Sai-Nan Shu Jian-She Wang Yi jiang Yun-Xiao Shang Miao Liu Li-Wei Gao Zhuang Wei Guang-Hua Liu Gang Liu Wei Xiang Yu-Xia Cui Gen Lu Min Lu Xiao-Xia Lu Run-Ming Jin Yan Bai Le-Ping Ye Dong-Chi Zhao A-Dong Shen Xiang Ma Qing-Hua Lu Feng-Xia Xue Jian-Bo Shao Tian-You Wang Zheng-Yan Zhao Xing-Wang Li Yong-Hong Yang Kun-Ling Shen Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Infectious Diseases Beijing Ditan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100015China Department of Respiratory Shenzhen Children’s HospitalShenzhen 518038China Branch for Emerging Infectious Disease Public Health Emergency CenterChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China School of Population Medicine&Public Health Chinese Academy of Medical Science/Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Department of Dermatology Beijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s Health(Beijing)Beijing 100045China Department of Respiratory Beijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesNational Center for Children’s Health(Beijing)Beijing 100045China Department of Infectious Diseases Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400014China Tianjin Children’s Hospital Children’s Hospital of Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300134China Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in ChildrenMinistry of EducationNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesResearch Unit of Critical Infection in ChildrenChinese Academy of Medical Sciences2019RU016Laboratory of Infection and VirologyBeijing Pediatric Research InstituteBeijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s Health(Beijing)Beijing 100045China Department of Infectious Diseases Shenzhen Children’s HospitalShenzhen 518038China Department of Infectious Diseases Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022China Ofce of Infection Management Wuhan Children’s HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430016China Department of Neurology Wuhan Children’s HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430016China Department of Pediatrics Tongji

Monkeypox is a zoonotic *** the first human monkeypox case was detected in 1970,it has been prevalent in some countries in central and western *** May 2022,monkeypox cases have been reported in more than 96 non-endemic countries and regions *** of September 14,2022,there have been more than 58,200 human monkeypox cases,and there is community *** cessation of smallpox vaccination in 1980,which had some cross-protection with monkeypox,resulted in a general lack of immunity to monkeypox,which caused global concern and *** of Sep-tember 14,2022,there are four monkeypox cases in China,including three in Taiwan province and one in Hong Kong *** foreign studies have shown that children are vulnerable to monkeypox and are also at high risk for severe disease or *** order to improve pediatricians'understanding of monkeypox and achieve early detection,early diagno-sis,early treatment,and early disposal,we have organized national authoritative experts in pediatric infection,respiratory,dermatology,critical care medicine,infectious diseases,and public health and others to formulate this expert consensus,on the basis of the latest"Clinical management and infection prevention and control for monkeypox"released by The World Health Organization,the"guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of monkeypox(version 2022)"issued by National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China and other relevant *** the development of this consensus,multidisciplinary experts have repeatedly demonstrated the etiology,epidemiology,transmission,clinical manifestations,laboratory examinations,diagnosis,differential diagnosis,treatment,discharge criteria,prevention,disposal process,and key points of prevention and control of suspected and confirmed cases.

关键词： Children Consensus Diagnosis Monkeypox Prevention Treatment

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飞秒激光加工织构及织构对磨损的影响研究

激光与红外 2017年第10期47卷 1222-1227页

作者：何霞廖文玲王国荣李梦媛蒋龙西南石油大学机电工程学院四川成都610500

采用自主搭建的飞秒激光平台,选用不同激光参数在铍青铜材质表面加工微凹坑织构,研究激光功率、激光脉冲数对织构直径和深度的影响规律;并采用摩擦磨损试验机销、盘摩擦副开展牙轮钻头滑动轴承模拟工况下的单元摩擦学实验,分析表面织构... 详细信息

采用自主搭建的飞秒激光平台,选用不同激光参数在铍青铜材质表面加工微凹坑织构,研究激光功率、激光脉冲数对织构直径和深度的影响规律;并采用摩擦磨损试验机销、盘摩擦副开展牙轮钻头滑动轴承模拟工况下的单元摩擦学实验,分析表面织构对滑动轴承润滑及摩擦学性能的影响。研究结果表明,随激光功率增加,织构直径逐渐增大,而织构深度则有相反的变化规律;激光脉冲数对织构直径无明显影响,织构深度则随脉冲数增加逐渐增大。此外,合理直径织构能有效减少牙轮钻头滑动轴承表面摩擦磨损,且随织构直径增加,摩擦副表面摩擦系数和磨损量呈现出先减小后增大的变化规律。

关键词：飞秒激光铍青铜表面织构摩擦磨损

Diagnosis,treatment and prevention of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in children:experts'consensus statement updatedforthe Omicron variant

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期20卷 272-286页

作者： rong-meng jiang Zheng-De Xie Yi jiang Xiao-Xia Lu Run-Ming Jin Yue-Jie Zheng Yun-Xiao Shang Bao-Ping Xu Zhi-Sheng Liu Gen Lu Ji-Kui Deng Guang-Hua Liu Xiao-Chuan Wang Jian-She Wang Lu-Zhao Feng Wei Liu Yi Zheng Sai-Nan Shu Min Lu Wan-Jun Luo Miao Liu Yu-Xia Cui Le-Ping Ye A-Dong Shen Gang Liu Li-Wei Gao Li-Juan Xiong Yan Bai Li-Kai Lin Zhuang Wei Feng-Xia Xue Tian-You Wang Dong-Chi Zhao Jian-Bo Shao Daniel Kwok-keung Ng Gary Wing-kin Wong Zheng-Yan Zhao Xing-Wang Li Yong-Hong Yang Kun-Ling Shen Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Infectious Diseases Beijing Ditan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100015China Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in ChildrenMinistry of EducationNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesResearch Unit of Critical Infection in ChildrenChinese Academy of Medical Sciences2019RU016Laboratory of Infection and VirologyBeijing Pediatric Research InstituteBeijing Children's HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children's HealthBeijing 100045China Department of Pediatrics Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060China Department of Respiratory Wuhan Children's HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430016China Department of Pediatrics Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022China Department of Respiratory Shenzhen Children's HospitalShenzhen 518038China Department of Pediatric Respiratory Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical UniversityShenyang 110004China Department of Respiratory Beijing Children's HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesNational Center for Children's HealthBeijing 100045China Department of Neurology Wuhan Children's HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430016China Department of Respiratory Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical CenterGuangzhou 510623China Department of Infectious Diseases Shenzhen Children's HospitalShenzhen 518038China Department of Pediatrics Fujian Branch of Shanghai Children's Medical CenterFujian Children's HospitalFuzhou350005China Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy Children's Hospital of Fudan UniversityNational Center for Children's HealthShanghai 201102China Department of Infectious Diseases Children's Hospital of Fudan UniversityNational Center for Children's Health.Shanghai

It has been more than 3 years since the novel coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2)pandemic raged *** coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has greatly influenced human *** to data from the World Health Organization(WHO),there were ove... 详细信息

关键词： prevention infection statement

Small modifications of endo-functionalized cavities lead to large changes in molecular interaction in water

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第01期 369-376页

作者： Song-meng Wang Hao Nian Yan-Fang Wang Li-Shuo Zheng Yu-Tao Zheng Yi-Wei Dong Liping Huang Xiaoping Wang Wei jiang Liu-Pan Yang Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal ResourcesGuangxi Normal University School of Pharmaceutical Science Hengyang Medical School University of South China

Studying molecular recognition in aqueous environments is crucial for understanding biological processes. Herein, we present a series of N-doped endo-functionalized anthracene-based cavities by introducing inward-directed pyridine units. The subtle modifications can significantly affect the binding properties of these receptors, which is similar to the mutations in biological systems. Combining theoretical calculations and molecular recognition experiments demonstrated that these “mutations” have an impact on the hydrophobicity and charge distribution of the hosts, consequently significantly influencing molecular *** is crucial for understanding the intricate mechanisms of molecular-level interactions in biological receptors.

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