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Evaluating and Improving Linear Regression Based Profiling:On the Selection of Its Regularization

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2020年第5期35卷 1175-1197页

作者： Xiang-jun Lu Chi Zhang Da-Wu Gu jun-rong liu Qian Peng Hai-Feng Zhang School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China ZhiXun Crypto Testing and Evaluation Technology Co.Ltd. Shanghai 200240China Department of Microelectronics and Nanoelectronics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Smartchip Microelectronics Technology Co. Ltd.Beijing 100082China

Side-channel attacks(SCAs)play an important role in the security evaluation of cryptographic *** a form of SCAs,profiled differential power analysis(DPA)is among the most powerful and efficient by taking advantage of a profiling phase that learns features from a controlled *** regression(LR)based profiling,a special profiling method proposed by Schindler et al.,could be extended to generic-emulating DPA(differential power analysis)by on-the-fly *** formal extension was proposed by Whitnall et *** SLR-based ***,to improve SLR-based method,Wang et *** a method based on ridge ***,the constant format of L-2 penalty still limits the performance of *** this paper,we generalize the ridge-based method and propose a new strategy of using variable *** then analyze from a theoretical point of view why we should not use constant penalty format for all *** speaking,our work reveals the underlying mechanism of how different formats affect the profiling process in the context of side ***,by selecting a proper regularization,we could push the limits of LR-based ***,we conduct simulation-based and practical experiments to confirm our ***,the results of our practical experiments show that the proper formats of regularization are different among real devices.

关键词： side-channel attack(SCA) cryptography linear regression based profiling generic-emulating differential power analysis regularization

Evaluations of wavefront aberrations and corneal surface regularity in dry eye patients measured with OPD Scan Ⅲ

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第3期15卷 407-412页

作者： rong-jun liu Bai-Kai Ma Yu-Fei Gao Yi-Yun liu Hong Qi Department of Ophthalmology Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China Beijing Key Laboratory of Restoration of Damaged Ocular Nerve Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China

AIM: To compare the wavefront aberrations and corneal surface regularity between dry eye(DE) patients and normal subjects and assess its diagnostic performance for DE measured with OPD Scan-Ⅲ.METHODS: Fifty right eyes of 50 DE patients and 31 right eyes of normal subjects were *** examinations for ocular surface including logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution best-corrected distance visual acuity(logMAR BCVA) the ocular surface disease index(OSDI), tear film break-up time(TBUT) and corneal fluorescein staining(CFS).OPD Scan-Ⅲ was used to measure anterior corneal aberrations including total corneal aberrations, high order aberration(HOA), coma, trefoil, spherical aberration(SA), standard deviation of corneal power(SDP), surface regularity index(SRI) and surface asymmetry index(SAI).Statistical analysis were assessed with nonparametric tests and Spearman’s *** parameters were also analyzed for sensitivity, specificity, and receiver operating characteristics(ROC) ***: Wavefront aberrations parameters including total corneal aberrations, HOA, coma, trefoil, and SA in DE group were significantly higher than those in normal group(P<0.001).Corneal surface regularity parameters including SRI and SAI in DE group were significantly higher than both in normal group(P<0.05).All the wavefront aberrations parameters had significant correlations with ocular surface parameters(P<0.05).The logMAR BCVA had positive correlations with SAI and SRI(all P<0.001).CFS scores had positive correlations with SAI and SRI(all P<0.001).All the wavefront aberrations parameters showed good diagnosis sensitivity and specificity, however, the corneal regularity parameters showed only good specificity but poor *** cut-off value selected for trefoil in diagnosis DE showed the highest area under the curve(AUC, 0.921) values as compared to the other parameters with sensitivity of 0.955 and specificity of ***: Wavefront aberrations and corne

关键词： dry eye wavefront aberration corneal surface regularity OPD ScanⅢ

Graphite addition for SiC formation in diamond/SiC/Si composite preparation

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2019年第9期26卷 1166-1176页

作者： Wei Zheng Xin-bo He Mao Wu Xuan-hui Qu rong-jun liu Dan-dan Guan Insititute for Advanced Material and Technology University of Science & Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China College of Aerospace and Materials Engineering National University of Defence TechnologyChangsha 410073China

Herein, graphite was used in the Si-vapor reactive infiltration of diamond/SiC/Si composites to produce composites with various Si C contents. X-ray diffraction was used to determine the phases of the composite, whereas scanning electron microscopy was used to confirm the Si–C reaction between the silicon, graphite, and diamond and to observe the SiC morphology. Various SiC contents in the composite were observed with graphite addition. Furthermore, the reaction between silicon and graphite(diamond) produced coarse(fine) SiC particles. The generation of a 10-μm-diameter Si–C area on the surface of the diamond was observed. The thermal conductivity(TC) and coefficient of thermal expansion(CTE) of the composite was investigated, where the TC varied from 317–426 W·m^-1·K^-1 with the increase of the SiC volume fraction from 38% to 76% and the corresponding CTE increased from 1.7 × 10^-6 to 3.7 × 10^-6 K^-1, respectively. Furthermore, a critical point for the CTE was found to exist at approximately 250℃, where the composite was under a hydrostatic condition. Finally, the bending strength was found to range from 241 to 341 MPa.

关键词： diamond SiC graphite diffusion composite

Side-Channel Analysis for the Authentication Protocols of CDMA Cellular Networks

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2019年第5期34卷 1079-1095页

作者： Chi Zhang jun-rong liu Da-Wu Gu Wei-Jia Wang Xiang-jun Lu Zheng Guo Hai-Ning Lu School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China ZhiXun Crypto Testing and Evaluation Technology Co. Ltd.Shanghai 200240China Crypto Group Electrical Engineering DepartmentInstitute of Information and Communication Technologies Catholic University of LouvainLouvain-la-Neuve B-1348Belgium Shanghai Viewsource Information Science and Technology Co. LtdShanghai 200240China

Time-division multiple access (TDMA) and code-division multiple access (CDMA) are two technologies used in digital cellular networks. The authentication protocols of TDMA networks have been proven to be vulnerable to side-channel analysis (SCA), giving rise to a series of powerful SCA-based attacks against unprotected subscriber identity module (SIM) cards. CDMA networks have two authentication protocols, cellular authentication and voice encryption (CAVE) based authentication protocol and authentication and key agreement (AKA) based authentication protocol, which are used in different phases of the networks. However, there has been no SCA attack for these two protocols so far. In this paper, in order to figure out if the authentication protocols of CDMA networks are sufficiently secure against SCA, we investigate the two existing protocols and their cryptographic algorithms. We find the side-channel weaknesses of the two protocols when they are implemented on embedded systems. Based on these weaknesses, we propose specific attack strategies to recover their authentication keys for the two protocols, respectively. We verify our strategies on an 8-bit microcontroller and a real-world SIM card, showing that the authentication keys can be fully recovered within a few minutes with a limited number of power measurements. The successful experiments demonstrate the correctness and the effectiveness of our proposed strategies and prove that the unprotected implementations of the authentication protocols of CDMA networks cannot resist SCA.

关键词： authentication protocol cellular authentication and voice encryption (CAVE) code-division multiple access (CDMA) secure hash algorithm 1 (SHA-1) side-channel analysis

Comparison of anti-inflammatory effects of intense pulsed light with tobramycin/dexamethasone plus warm compress on dry eye associated meibomian gland dysfunction

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第11期12卷 1708-1713页

作者： Yu-Fei Gao rong-jun liu Ya-Xin Li Chenmilu Huang Yi-Yun liu Chen-Xi Hu Hong Qi Department of Ophthalmology Beijing Key Laboratory of Restoration of Damaged Ocular NervePeking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China The First Hospital of Fangshan District Beijing 102400China Beijing No.6 Hospital Beijing 100007China

AIM: To compare the anti-inflammatory effects of intense pulsed light(IPL) with tobramycin/dexamethasone plus warm compress through clinical signs and cytokines in ***: Eighty-two patients with dry eye disease(DED) associated meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD) were divided into two groups. Group A was treated with IPL, and Group B was treated with tobramycin/dexamethasone plus warm compress. Ocular Surface Disease Index(OSDI), tear film breakup time(TBUT), corneal fluorescein staining(CFS), meibomian gland expressibility(MGE), meibum quality, gland dropout and tear cytokine levels were evaluated before treatment, 1 wk and 1 mo after treatment. RESULTS: TBUT in Group A was higher(P=0.035), and MGE score was lower than Group B at 1 mo(P=0.001). The changes of interleukin(IL)-17 A and IL-1β levels in tears were lower in Group A compared with that in Group B at 1 wk after treatment(P=0.05, P=0.005).CONCLUSION: Treatment with IPL can improve TBUT and MGE and downregulate levels of IL-17 A and IL-1β in tears of patients with DED associated MGD better than treatment with tobramycin/dexamethasone plus warm compress in one-month treatment period.

关键词： intense pulsed light meibomian gland dysfunction dry eye disease interleukin-17A interleukin-1β

Microstructure and graphitization behavior of diamond/SiC composites fabricated by vacuum vapor reactive infiltration

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Rare Metals 2015年第6期34卷 400-406页

作者： Zhen-Liang Yang Li-Gen Wang Li-Min Wang Xin-Bo He Xuan-Hui Qu rong-jun liu Hai-Feng Hu Gripm Advanced Materials Co. Ltd State Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals and Processes General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing College of Aerospace and Materials Engineering National University of Defense Technology

To inhibit the graphitization of diamond under high temperature and low pressure, diamond/SiC composites were firstly fabricated by a rapid gaseous Si vacuum reactive infiltration process. The microstructure and graphitization behavior of diamond in the composites under various infiltration temperatures and holding time were investigated. The thermal conductivity of the resul- tant materials was discussed. The results show that the diamond-to-graphite transition is effectively inhibited at temperature of as high as 1600 ℃ under vacuum, and the substantial graphitization starts at 1700 ℃. The microstructure of those ungraphitized samples is uniform and fully densified. The inhibition mechanisms of graphitization include the isolation of the catalysts from diamond by a series of protective layers, high pressure stress applied on diamond by the reaction-bonded SiC, and the moderate gas-solid reaction. For the graphitized samples, the boundary between diamond and SiC is coarse and loose. The graphitization mechanism is considered to be an initial detachment of the bilayers from the diamond surfaces, and subsequently flattening to form graphite. The ungraphitized samples present higher thermal conductivity of about 410 W.m-1.K-1 due to the fine interfacial structure. For the graphitized samples, the thermal conductivity decreases significantly to 285 W.m-1.K-1 as a result of high interfacial thermal resistance.

关键词： Composite Vapor reactive infiltration Microstructure Graphitization Thermal conductivity

Self-Triggered Set Stabilization of Boolean Control Networks and Its Applications

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第7期11卷 1631-1642页

作者： rong Zhao jun-e Feng Dawei Zhang the School of Mathematics Shandong UniversityShandong UniversityJinan 250100China

Set stabilization is one of the essential problems in engineering systems, and self-triggered control(STC) can save the storage space for interactive information, and can be successfully applied in networked control systems with limited communication resources. In this study, the set stabilization problem and STC design of Boolean control networks are investigated via the semi-tensor product technique. On the one hand, the largest control invariant subset is calculated in terms of the strongly connected components of the state transition graph, by which a graph-theoretical condition for set stabilization is derived. On the other hand, a characteristic function is exploited to determine the triggering mechanism and feasible controls. Based on this, the minimum-time and minimum-triggering open-loop, state-feedback and output-feedback STCs for set stabilization are designed,respectively. As classic applications of self-triggered set stabilization, self-triggered synchronization, self-triggered output tracking and self-triggered output regulation are discussed as well. Additionally, several practical examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of theoretical results.

关键词： Boolean control networks(BCNs) output regulation self-triggered control semi-tensor product of matrices set stabilization synchronization

Learning in games:a systematic review

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 133-159页

作者： rong-jun QIN Yang YU National Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Polixir Technologies

Game theory studies the mathematical models for self-interested individuals. Nash equilibrium is arguably the most central solution in game theory. While finding the Nash equilibrium in general is known as polynomial parity arguments on directed graphs(PPAD)-complete, learning in games provides an alternative to approximate Nash equilibrium, which iteratively updates the player's strategy through interactions with other players. Rules and models have been developed for learning in games, such as fictitious play and no-regret learning. Particularly, with recent advances in online learning and deep reinforcement learning,techniques from these fields greatly boost the breakthroughs in learning in games from theory to *** a result, we have witnessed many superhuman game AI systems. The techniques used in these systems evolve from conventional search and learning to purely reinforcement learning(RL)-style learning methods,gradually getting rid of the domain knowledge. In this article, we systematically review the above techniques,discuss the trend of basic learning rules towards a unified framework, and recap applications in large ***, we discuss some future directions and make the prospect of future game AI systems. We hope this article will give some insights into designing novel approaches.

关键词： non-cooperative games learning in games no-regret learning reinforcement learning superhuman AI

Empirical likelihood for spatial cross-sectional data models with matrix exponential spatial specification

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2024年第1期39卷 125-139页

作者： liu Yan rong Jian-rong QIN Yong-song Nanning University Nanning 530200China Center for Applied Mathematics of Guangxi and College of Mathematics and Statistics Guangxi Normal UniversityGuilin 541004China

In this paper,we study spatial cross-sectional data models in the form of matrix exponential spatial specification(MESS),where MESS appears in both dependent and error *** empirical likelihood(EL)ratio statistics are established for the parameters of the MESS *** is shown that the limiting distributions of EL ratio statistics follow chi-square distributions,which are used to construct the confidence regions of model *** experiments are conducted to compare the performances of confidence regions based on EL method and normal approximation method.

关键词： MESS empirical likelihood con dence region