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U-Net Models for Representing Wind Stress Anomalies over the Tropical Pacific and Their Integrations with an Intermediate Coupled Model for ENSO Studies

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第7期41卷 1403-1416页

作者： Shuangying Du rong-hua Zhang Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266071China School of Marine Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China Laosan Laboratory Qingdao266237China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)is the strongest interannual climate mode influencing the coupled ocean-atmosphere system in the tropical Pacific,and numerous dynamical and statistical models have been developed to simulate and predict *** some simplified coupled ocean-atmosphere models,the relationship between sea surface temperature(SST)anomalies and wind stress(τ)anomalies can be constructed by statistical methods,such as singular value decomposition(SVD).In recent years,the applications of artificial intelligence(AI)to climate modeling have shown promising prospects,and the integrations of AI-based models with dynamical models are active areas of *** study constructs U-Net models for representing the relationship between SSTAs andτanomalies in the tropical Pacific;the UNet-derivedτmodel,denoted asτUNet,is then used to replace the original SVD-basedτmodel of an intermediate coupled model(ICM),forming a newly AI-integrated ICM,referred to as *** simulation results obtained from ICM-UNet demonstrate their ability to represent the spatiotemporal variability of oceanic and atmospheric anomaly fields in the equatorial *** the ocean-only case study,theτUNet-derived wind stress anomaly fields are used to force the ocean component of the ICM,the results of which also indicate reasonable simulations of typical ENSO *** results demonstrate the feasibility of integrating an AI-derived model with a physics-based dynamical model for ENSO modeling ***,the successful integration of the dynamical ocean models with the AI-based atmospheric wind model provides a novel approach to ocean-atmosphere interaction modeling studies.

关键词： U-Net models wind stress anomalies ICM integration of AI and physical components

Synergistic Interdecadal Evolution of Precipitation over Eastern China and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation during 1951-2015

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第1期41卷 53-72页

作者： Minmin WU rong-hua ZHANG Junya HU Hai ZHI Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China School of Marine Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Laosan Laboratory Qingdao 266237China School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029China

By using the multi-taper method(MTM)of singular value decomposition(SVD),this study investigates the interdecadal evolution(10-to 30-year cycle)of precipitation over eastern China from 1951 to 2015 and its relationship with the North Pacific sea surface temperature(SST).Two significant interdecadal signals,one with an 11-year cycle and the other with a 23-year cycle,are identified in both the precipitation and SST *** show that the North Pacific SST forcing modulates the precipitation distribution over China through the effects of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation(PDO)-related anomalous Aleutian low on the western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH)and Mongolia high(MH).During the development stage of the PDO cold phase associated with the 11-year cycle,a weakened WPSH and MH increased the precipitation over the Yangtze River Basin,whereas an intensified WPSH and MH caused the enhanced rain band to move northward to North China during the decay *** the development stage of the PDO cold phase associated with the 23-year cycle,a weakened WPSH and MH increased the precipitation over North China,whereas an intensified WPSH and the weakened MH increased the precipitation over South China during the decay *** 11-year and 23-year variabilities contribute differently to the precipitation variations in the different regions of China,as seen in the 1998flooding *** 11-year cycle mainly accounts for precipitation increases over the Yangtze River Basin,while the 23-year cycle is responsible for the precipitation increase over Northeast *** results have important implications for understanding how the PDO modulates the precipitation distribution over China,helping to improve interdecadal climate prediction.

关键词： MTM-SVD PDO SST anomalies interdecadal variability precipitation over China

Different El Niño Flavors and Associated Atmospheric Teleconnections as Simulated in a Hybrid Coupled Model

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第5期41卷 864-880页

作者： Junya HU Hongna WANG Chuan GAO rong-hua ZHANG Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Institute of Oceanologyand Center for Ocean Mega-ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China School of Marine Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Laoshan Laboratory Qingdao 266237China

A previously developed hybrid coupled model(HCM)is composed of an intermediate tropical Pacific Ocean model and a global atmospheric general circulation model(AGCM),denoted as *** this study,different El Niño flavors,namely the Eastern-Pacific(EP)and Central-Pacific(CP)types,and the associated global atmospheric teleconnections are examined in a 1000-yr control simulation of the *** HCMAGCM indicates profoundly different characteristics among EP and CP El Niño events in terms of related oceanic and atmospheric variables in the tropical Pacific,including the amplitude and spatial patterns of sea surface temperature(SST),zonal wind stress,and precipitation *** SST budget analysis indicates that the thermocline feedback and zonal advective feedback dominantly contribute to the growth of EP and CP El Niño events,*** to the shifts in the tropical rainfall and deep convection during EP and CP El Niño events,the model also reproduces the differences in the extratropical atmospheric responses during the boreal *** particular,the EP El Niño tends to be dominant in exciting a poleward wave train pattern to the Northern Hemisphere,while the CP El Niño tends to preferably produce a wave train similar to the Pacific North American(PNA)*** a result,different climatic impacts exist in North American regions,with a warm-north and cold-south pattern during an EP El Niño and a warm-northeast and cold-southwest pattern during a CP El Niño,*** modeling result highlights the importance of internal natural processes within the tropical Pacific as they relate to the genesis of ENSO diversity because the active ocean–atmosphere coupling is allowed only in the tropical Pacific within the framework of the HCMAGCM.

关键词： hybrid coupled model tropical Pacific Ocean global atmosphere Eastern/Central-Pacific El Niño atmospheric teleconnections

Synergistic Impacts of Indian Ocean SST and Indo-China Peninsula Soil Moisture on the 2020 Record-breaking Mei-yu

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第9期41卷 1735-1750页

作者： Yinshuo dong Haishan CHEN Xuan dong Wenjian hua Wenjun ZHANG Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisastersNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Bureau of Hydrology ChangJiang Water Resources CommissionWuhan 430010China

The Yangtze River basin(YRB)experienced a record-breaking mei-yu season in June‒July *** unique long-lasting extreme event and its origin have attracted considerable *** studies have suggested that the Indian Ocean(IO)SST forcing and soil moisture anomaly over the Indochina Peninsula(ICP)were responsible for this unexpected ***,the relative contributions of IO SST and ICP soil moisture to the 2020 mei-yu rainfall event,especially their linkage with atmospheric circulation changes,remain *** using observations and numerical simulations,this study examines the synergistic impacts of IO SST and ICP soil moisture on the extreme mei-yu in *** show that the prolonged dry soil moisture led to a warmer surface over the ICP in May under strong IO SST *** intensification of the warm condition further magnified the land thermal effects,which in turn facilitated the westward extension of the western North Pacific subtropical high(WNPSH)in June‒*** intensified WNPSH amplified the water vapor convergence and ascending motion over the YRB,thereby contributing to the 2020 *** contrast,the land thermal anomalies diminish during normal IO SST backgrounds due to the limited persistence of soil *** roles of IO SST and ICP soil moisture are verified and quantified using the Community Earth System *** synergistic impacts yield a notable 32%increase in YRB *** findings provide evidence for the combined influences of IO SST forcing and ICP soil moisture variability on the occurrence of the 2020 super mei-yu.

关键词： super mei-yu Indian Ocean SST soil moisture Indochina Peninsula

Counteracting effects on ENSO induced by ocean chlorophyll interannual variability and tropical instability wave-scale perturbations in the tropical Pacific

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第2期67卷 387-404页

作者： rong-hua ZHANG Feng TIAN Qidong SHI Xiujun WANG Tongwen WU School of Marine Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China Laoshan Laboratory Qingdao266237China Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing101408China Faculty of Geographical Sciences Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China Earth System Modeling and Prediction Centre China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing100081China

Large perturbations in chlorophyll(Chl)are observed to coexist at interannual and tropical instability wave(TIW)scales in the tropical Pacific;at present,their combined effects on El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)through ocean biologyinduced heating(OBH)feedbacks are not understood ***,a hybrid coupled model(HCM)for the atmosphere and ocean physics-biogeochemistry(AOPB)in the tropical Pacific is adopted to quantify how ENSO can be modulated by Chl perturbations at interannual and TIW scales,individually or collectively,*** HCM-based sensitivity experiments demonstrate a counteracting effect on ENSO:the bio-climate feedback due to large-scale Chl interannual variability acts to damp ENSO through its impact on upper-ocean stratification and vertical mixing,whereas that due to TIW-scale Chl perturbations tends to amplify *** ENSO simulations are sensitively dependent on the ways Chl effects are represented at these different scales,it is necessary to adequately take into account these related differential Chl effects in climate modeling.A bias source for ENSO simulations is illustrated that is related with the Chl effects in the tropical Pacific,adding in a new insight into interactions between the climate system and ocean ecosystem on different scales in the *** results reveal a level of complexity of ENSO modulations resulting from Chl effects at interannual and TIW scales,which are associated with ocean biogeochemical processes and their interactions with physical processes in the tropical Pacific.

关键词： Ocean chlorophyll Bio-climate feedbacks Interannual variability Tropical instability waves Counteracting effects A hybrid coupled model

Intelligent diagnosis of retinal vein occlusion based on color fundus photographs

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第1期17卷 1-6页

作者： Yu-Ke Ji rong-rong hua Sha Liu Cui-Juan Xie Shao-Chong Zhang Wei-hua Yang Eye Hospital Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210000Jiangsu ProvinceChina College of Electronic Information Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210000Jiangsu ProvinceChina Shenzhen Eye Institute Shenzhen Eye HospitalJinan UniversityShenzhen 518000Guangdong ProvinceChina

AIM:To develop an artificial intelligence(AI)diagnosis model based on deep learning(DL)algorithm to diagnose different types of retinal vein occlusion(RVO)by recognizing color fundus photographs(CFPs).METHODS:Totally 914 CFPs of healthy people and patients with RVO were collected as experimental data sets,and used to train,verify and test the diagnostic model of *** the images were divided into four categories[normal,central retinal vein occlusion(CRVO),branch retinal vein occlusion(BRVO),and macular retinal vein occlusion(MRVO)]by three fundus disease *** Transformer was used to build the RVO diagnosis model,and different types of RVO diagnosis experiments were *** model’s performance was compared to that of the ***:The accuracy of the model in the diagnosis of normal,CRVO,BRVO,and MRVO reached 1.000,0.978,0.957,and 0.978;the specificity reached 1.000,0.986,0.982,and 0.976;the sensitivity reached 1.000,0.955,0.917,and 1.000;the F1-Sore reached 1.000,0.9550.943,and 0.887 *** addition,the area under curve of normal,CRVO,BRVO,and MRVO diagnosed by the diagnostic model were 1.000,0.900,0.959 and 0.970,*** diagnostic results were highly consistent with those of fundus disease experts,and the diagnostic performance was ***:The diagnostic model developed in this study can well diagnose different types of RVO,effectively relieve the work pressure of clinicians,and provide help for the follow-up clinical diagnosis and treatment of RVO patients.

关键词： deep learning artificial intelligence Swin Transformer diagnostic model retinal vein occlusion color fundus photographs

A visual modeling method for spatiotemporal and multidimensional features in epidemiological analysis:Applied COVID-19 aggregated datasets

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Computational Visual Media 2024年第1期10卷 161-186页

作者： Yu dong Christy Jie Liang Yi Chen Jie hua School of Computer Science University of Technology SydneySydneyNSW2007Australia Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Technology for Food Safety Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing100048China

The visual modeling method enables flexible interactions with rich graphical depictions of data and supports the exploration of the complexities of epidemiological ***,most epidemiology visualizations do not support the combined analysis of objective factors that might influence the transmission situation,resulting in a lack of quantitative and qualitative *** address this issue,we developed a portrait-based visual modeling method called+*** method considers the spatiotemporal features of virus transmission patterns and multidimensional features of objective risk factors in communities,enabling portrait-based exploration and comparison in epidemiological *** applied+msRNAer to aggregate COVID-19-related datasets in New South Wales,Australia,combining COVID-19 case number trends,geo-information,intervention events,and expert-supervised risk factors extracted from local government area-based *** perfected the+msRNAer workflow with collaborative views and evaluated its feasibility,effectiveness,and usefulness through one user study and three subject-driven case *** feedback from experts indicates that+msRNAer provides a general understanding for analyzing comprehension that not only compares relationships between cases in time-varying and risk factors through portraits but also supports navigation in fundamental geographical,timeline,and other factor *** adopting interactions,experts discovered functional and practical implications for potential patterns of long-standing community factors regarding the vulnerability faced by the *** confirmed that+msRNAer is expected to deliver visual modeling benefits with spatiotemporal and multidimensional features in other epidemiological analysis scenarios.

关键词： visual modeling epidemiological analysis spatiotemporal multidimensional COVID-19

Salinity effect-induced ENSO amplitude modulation in association with the interdecadal Pacific Oscillation

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第4期42卷 1019-1036页

作者： Hai ZHI Xiaokun WANG rong-hua ZHANG Pengfei LIN Jifeng QI College of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China School of Marine Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Laoshan Laboratory Qingdao 266237China State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG) Institute of Atmospheric Physics(IAP)Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Institute of Oceanologyand Center for Ocean Mega-ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China

A 110-year ensemble simulation of an ocean general circulation model(OGCM)was analyzed to identify the modulation of salinity interdecadal variability on El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)amplitude in the tropical Pacific during *** simulating results show that sea surface salinity(SSS)variation in the region exhibits notable and coherent interdecadal variability signal,which is closely associated with the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation(IPO).As salinity increases or reduces,the SSS modulations on ENSO amplitude during its warm/cold events vary asymmetrically with positive/negative IPO ***,salinity interdecadal variability can enhance or reduce ENSO-related conditions in upper-ocean stratification,contributing noticeably to ENSO *** anomalies associated with the mixed layer depth and barrier layer thickness can modulate ENSO amplitude during positive and negative IPO phases,resulting in the asymmetry of sea surface temperature(SST)anomaly in the tropical *** positive IPO phases,SSS interdecadal variability contributes positively to El Niño amplitude but negatively to La Niña amplitude by enhancing or reducing SSS interannual variability,and vice versa during negative IPO ***,the results indicate that the modulation of the ENSO amplitude by the SSS interdecadal variability is 15%-28%during negative IPO phases and 30%-20%during positive IPO phases,***,the SSS interdecadal variability associated with IPO and its modulation on ENSO amplitude in the tropical Pacific are among factors essentially contributing ENSO diversity.

关键词： El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)amplitude Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation(IPO) ocean salinity variability tropical Pacific upper-ocean stratification

Clinical characteristics and treatment of splenic infarction in children with systemic lupus erythematosus

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第5期20卷 525-531页

作者： Yan Li Yu-rong Piao Tong-Xin Han hua-Wei Mao Department of Immunology Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in ChildrenBeijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth DefectsNational Center for Children’s HealthBeijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNo.56 Nan Li Shi LuBeijing100045China

Splenic infarction(SI)is a rare clinical phenomenon that occurs when the blood supply to the spleen is interrupted,resulting in tissue ischemia and necrosis[1].There are many causes of SI;in adult patients,cardioembolism,hematological malignancy,and infectious disease are the most common[2].Rheumatic diseases,especially systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)and granulomatosis with polyangitis,can also lead to SI[3];however,only a few cases have been *** are currently no statistically meaningful data on the etiology of SI in *** most patients with SI can recover after conservative treatment,a small number of patients develop complications,such as splenic abscess,splenic rupture,splenic hemorrhage,and hemoperitoneum,and may even undergo splenectomy in severe cases.

关键词： erythematosus lupus treatment