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Mesoscale SST perturbation-induced impacts on climatological precipitation in the Kuroshio-Oyashio extension region,as revealed by the WRF simulations

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2019年第2期37卷 385-397页

作者： gao Jiaxiang ZHANG rong-Hua WANG Hongna CAS Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Laboratory for Ocean Dynamics and Climate Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao 266237 China

Mesoscale coupling between perturbations of mesoscale sea surface temperature (SST) and lowlevel winds has been extensively studied using available high-resolution satellite observations. However, the climatological impacts of mesoscale SST perturbations (SST meso ) on the free atmosphere have not been fully understood. In this study, the rectified eff ect of SSTmeso on local climatological precipitation in the Kuroshio- Oyashio Extension (KOE) region is investigated using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model;two runs are performed, one forced by low-resolution SST fields (almost no mesoscale signals) and another by additional high-resolution SSTmeso fields extracted from satellite observations. Climatological precipitation response to SST meso is characterized mainly by enhanced precipitation on the warmer flank of three oceanic SST fronts in this region. The results show that the positive correlation between the 10-m wind speed perturbations and SSTmeso is well captured by the WRF model with a reasonable spatial pattern but relatively weak strength. The addition of SSTmeso improves the climatological precipitation simulated by WRF with a better representation of fine-scale structures compared with satellite observations. A closer examination on the underlying mechanism suggests that while the pressure adjustment mechanism can explain the climatological precipitation enhancement along the fronts and the relatively high contribution of the convective precipitation, other factors such as synoptic events should also be taken into consideration to account for the seasonality of the precipitation response.

关键词： mesoscale SST perturbations and eff ects WRF model Kuroshio-Oyashio Extension climatological precipitation

Testing a Four-Dimensional Variational Data Assimilation Method Using an Improved Intermediate Coupled Model for ENSO Analysis and Prediction

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2016年第7期33卷 875-888页

作者： Chuan gao Xinrong WU rong-Hua ZHANG Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Information Technology State Oceanic AdministrationNational Marine Data and Information ServiceTianjin 300000 Laboratory for Ocean and Climate Dynamics Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266237

A four-dimensional variational （4D-Var） data assimilation method is implemented in an improved intermediate coupled model （ICM） of the tropical Pacific. A twin experiment is designed to evaluate the impact of the 4D-Var data assimilation algorithm on ENSO analysis and prediction based on the ICM. The model error is assumed to arise only from the parameter uncertainty. The ＂observation＂ of the SST anomaly, which is sampled from a ＂truth＂ model simulation that takes default parameter values and has Gaussian noise added, is directly assimilated into the assimilation model with its parameters set erroneously. Results show that 4D-Var effectively reduces the error of ENSO analysis and therefore improves the prediction skill of ENSO events compared with the non-assimilation case. These results provide a promising way for the ICM to achieve better real-time ENSO prediction.

关键词： Four-dimensional variational data assimilation intermediate coupled model twin experiment ENSO prediction

Dust collector localization in trouble of moving freight car detection system

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science C(Computers and Electronics) 2013年第2期14卷 98-106页

作者： Fu-qiang ZHOU rong ZOU He gao School of Instrumentation Science and Optoelectronics Engineering Beihang University

For a long time,trouble detection and maintenance of freight cars have been completed manually by *** realize the transition from manual to computer-based detection and maintenance,we focus on dust collector localization under complex conditions in the trouble of moving freight car detection *** mid-level features which are also named flexible edge arrangement(FEA) features,we first build the edge-based 2D model of the dust collectors,and then match target objects by a weighted Hausdorff distance *** difference is that the constructed weighting function is generated by the FEA features other than specified subjectively,which can truly reflect the most basic property regions of the 3D *** results indicate that the proposed algorithm has better robustness to variable lighting,different viewing angle,and complex texture,and it shows a stronger adaptive *** localization correct rate of the target object is over 90%,which completely meets the need of practical applications.

关键词： Hausdorff distance Weighting function Trouble detection Rail transportation

A Hybrid Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Model and Its Simulation of ENSO and Atmospheric Responses

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2019年第6期36卷 643-657页

作者： Junya HU rong-Hua ZHANG Chuan gao Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of Sciences Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

A new hybrid coupled model(HCM) is presented in this study, which consists of an intermediate tropical Pacific Ocean model and a global atmospheric general circulation model. The ocean component is the intermediate ocean model(IOM)of the intermediate coupled model(ICM) used at the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences(IOCAS). The atmospheric component is ECHAM5, the fifth version of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology atmospheric general circulation model. The HCM integrates its atmospheric and oceanic components by using an anomaly coupling strategy. A100-year simulation has been made with the HCM and its simulation skills are evaluated, including the interannual variability of SST over the tropical Pacific and the ENSO-related responses of the global atmosphere. The model shows irregular occurrence of ENSO events with a spectral range between two and five years. The amplitude and lifetime of ENSO events and the annual phase-locking of SST anomalies are also reproduced realistically. Despite the slightly stronger variance of SST anomalies over the central Pacific than observed in the HCM, the patterns of atmospheric anomalies related to ENSO,such as sea level pressure, temperature and precipitation, are in broad agreement with observations. Therefore, this model can not only simulate the ENSO variability, but also reproduce the global atmospheric variability associated with ENSO, thereby providing a useful modeling tool for ENSO studies. Further model applications of ENSO modulations by ocean–atmosphere processes, and of ENSO-related climate prediction, are also discussed.

关键词： IOCAS ICM hybrid coupled model ENSO simulation atmospheric response

Semisolid A356 alloy feedstock poured through a serpentine channel

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2009年第5期16卷 603-607页

作者： Xiao-rong Yang Wei-min Mao Chong gao School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and Technology Taiyuan 030024 China

Fine spheroidal and equiaxed nondendritic microstructures required for semisolid casting can be formed through a serpentine pouting channel. Effects of the pouring temperature and the vertical section length of the serpentine pouring channel were studied. The results indicate that both favorable semisolid microstructures of A356 aluminum alloy can be generated by a serpentine pouring channel, and the solid shell inside the channel can be avoided when the pouting temperature is in the range from 660 to 680℃. It is also shown that the vertical section length of the serpentine pouting channel has a significant influence on the microstructure of the feedstock, namely both the microstructure of the feedstock and the microstructure uniformity in the radial direction get worse when the vertical section length is shortened; moreover, the pouring temperature for obtaining the feedstock with suitable microstructure decreases. The relevant mechanisms were discussed.

关键词： semisolid microstructure serpentine channel primary α-A1

Recent ENSO evolution and its real-time prediction challenges

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National Science Review 2022年第4期9卷 7-10页

作者： rong-Hua Zhang Chuan gao Licheng Feng Institute of Oceanology and Center for Ocean Mega-ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center Ministry of Natural Resources

The El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation(ENSO) is a major interannually re occurring mode of Earth’s climate system that originates naturally from oceanatmosphere interactions in the tropical Pacific and can affect the weather and climate *** has been observed to undergo decadal variations and modulations [1-3],including the intensity,asymmetry of its two phases(El Ni?o and La Ni?a),different types of El Ni?o and multiyear La Ni?a and El Ni?o *** well-known example occurred during the so-called 1976-1977climate shift [4],with El Ni?o events emerging frequently in the tropical Pacific during the 1980s and 1990s.

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Simulation of three-phase flow and lance height effect on the cavity shape

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2014年第6期21卷 523-530页

作者： Kai Dong rong Zhu Wei gao Fu-hai Liu School of Mechanical Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing Shougang Design Institute

A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics （CFD） model was developed to simulate a 150-t top-blown converter. The ef-fect of different lance heights on the cavity shape was investigated using the volume of fluid （VOF） method. Numerical simulation results can reflect the actual molten bath surface waves impinged by the supersonic oxygen jets. With increasing lance height, the cavity depth de-creases, and the cavity area, varying like a parabola, increases and then decreases. The cavity area maximizes at the lance height of 1.3 m. Under the three different lance heights simulated in this study, all of the largest impact velocities at the molten bath surface are between 50 m/s and 100 m/s.

关键词： metallurgical furnaces basic oxygen converters lance height cavity shape computational fluid dynamics computer simulation

Real-time predictions of the 2023–2024 climate conditions in the tropical Pacific using a purely data-driven Transformer model

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第12期67卷 3709-3726页

作者： rong-Hua ZHANG Lu ZHOU Chuan gao Lingjiang TAO School of Marine Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Key Laboratory of Ocean Observation and Forecasting Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and WavesInstitute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Laoshan Laboratory Qingdao 266237China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408China

Following triple La Nina events during 2020–2022,the future evolution of climate conditions over the tropical Pacific has been a focused interest in ENSO-related *** and modeling studies indicate that an El Nino event is occurring in 2023;however,large uncertainties remain in terms of its detailed evolution,and the factors affecting its resultant amplitude remain to be ***,a novel deep learning-based Transformer model is adopted to make real-time predictions for the 2023–2024 climate conditions in the tropical *** key fields vital to the El Nino and Southern Oscillation(ENSO)in the tropical Pacific are collectively and simultaneously utilized in model training and in making predictions;therefore,this purely data-driven model is configured in both training and predicting procedures such that the coupled ocean-atmosphere interactions are adequately *** similar to dynamic models,the prediction procedure is executed in a rolling manner to allow ocean-atmosphere anomaly exchanges month by month;the related key fields during multi-month time intervals(TIs)prior to prediction target months are taken as input predictors,serving as initial conditions to precondition the future evolution more ***-time predictions indicate that the climate conditions in the tropical Pacific are surely to develop into an El Nino state in late ***,sensitivity experiments are conducted to examine how prediction skills are affected by the input predictor specifications,including TIs during which information on initial conditions is retained for making predictions.A comparison with other dynamic coupled models is also made to demonstrate the prediction performance for the 2023–2024 El Nino event.

关键词： Transformer model 3D-Geoformer Coupling representation The 2023–2024 El Nino Real-time prediction Performance and evaluation

Static load test and load transfer mechanism study of squeezed branch and plate pile in collapsible loess foundation

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2007年第7期8卷 1110-1117页

作者： gao Xiao-juan WANG Jin-chang ZHU Xiang-rong College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Institute of Architecture Engineering Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang 471003 China Ningbo Institute of Technology Zhejiang University Ningbo 315005 China

As a special geological phenomenon, the character of collapsible loess foundation is collapsible when penetrated by water. This character leads to the soil losing load bearing capacity largely and may lead to foundation failure. Pile is a popular foundation used in collapsible loess. The squeezed branch and plate pile is a new type of pile developed in recent years and has not be used in a project before. In this paper three squeezed branch and plate piles are tested in collapsible loess after immersion processing. The results may be used for reference in similar construction project, and to provide theoretical references for de- signing of the squeezed branch and plate piles in engineering practice.

关键词： Collapsible loess foundation Squeezed branch and plate pile Immersion processing Full-scale static load test