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Empirical likelihood for spatial cross-sectional data models with matrix exponential spatial specification

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2024年第1期39卷 125-139页

作者： LIU Yan rong Jian-rong QIN Yong-song Nanning University Nanning 530200China Center for Applied Mathematics of Guangxi and College of Mathematics and Statistics Guangxi Normal UniversityGuilin 541004China

In this paper,we study spatial cross-sectional data models in the form of matrix exponential spatial specification(MESS),where MESS appears in both dependent and error terms.The empirical likelihood(EL)ratio statistics are established for the parameters of the MESS model.It is shown that the limiting distributions of EL ratio statistics follow chi-square distributions,which are used to construct the confidence regions of model parameters.Simulation experiments are conducted to compare the performances of confidence regions based on EL method and normal approximation method.

关键词： MESS empirical likelihood con dence region

Petrogenesis and Tectonic Significance of Shenxianshui Alkaline Granite in Gejiu,Yunnan Province,China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第2期98卷 368-385页

作者： YANG rong CHEN Yongqing School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China

The Shenxianshui granites in the western Gejiu area were formed in the Late Cretaceous.Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry indicates zircon U-Pb ages ranging from 90.67±0.7 to 85.97±0.6 Ma.The intrusive rocks are peraluminous(A/CNK=1.03 to 1.33)and calc-alkaline,showing an affinity towards I-type granite.Large ion lithophilic elements are enriched in K and Rb,while high field strength elements are depleted.Moreover,light rare earth elements are significantly enriched,showing a slight negative Eu anomaly(Eu/Eu^(*)=0.39 to 0.58).Shenxianshui granite has a relatively high initial Sr isotope ratio(^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr)_(i)(0.7098-0.7105),negative ε_(Nd)(t)values(−7.99 to−7.44)and negative ε_(Hf)(t)values(−8.37 to−2.58).Combined with previous studies,these characteristics suggest that the Shenxianshui alkaline granites were formed in a post-collision extensional environment.The alkaline granitic magma possibly originated from the partial melting of the lower crust during the Mesoproterozoic era and may have contained mantle source materials.Shenxianshui alkaline granite was formed from mixed magma with a high degree of crystal differentiation.The abundance of ore-forming elements indicates that Shenxianshui granite has the potential to mineralize key metals and rare earth elements.

关键词： I-type granite zircon U-Pb geochronology Sr-Nd-Pb isotopes Hf isotope Gejiu

Small Cycles Property of Some Cremer Rational Maps and Polynomials

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2024年第1期45卷 123-136页

作者： rong FU Ji ZHOU Faculty of Science Yibin UniversityYibin 644000SichuanChina Department of Mathematical Sciences Sichuan Normal UniversityChengdu 610066China

This paper concerns the linearization problem on rational maps of degree d≥2 and polynomials of degree d>2 from the perspective of non-linearizability.The authors introduce a set l_(∞) of irrational numbers and show that if α∈l_(∞),then any rational map is not linearizable and has infinitely many cycles in every neighborhood of the fixed point with multiplier λ=e^(2πiα),Adding more constraints to cubic polynomials,they discuss the above problems by polynomial-like maps.For the family of polynomials,with the help of Yoccoz's method,they obtain its maximum dimension of the set in which the polynomials are non-linearizable.

关键词： Irrationally indifferent fixed point Linearization problem Small cycles property

Bioinspired nanomaterials for the treatment of bacterial infections

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 691-714页

作者： Xiaojing Ma Wenjing Tang rong Yang Robert F.Smith School of Chemical&Biomolecular Engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA

Infectious diseases pose a serious threat to global health.Although immunizations can control most viral infections,bacterial infections,particularly those caused by drug-resistant strains,continue to cause high rates of illness and death.Unfortunately,the creation of new antibiotics has come to a grinding halt in the last ten years.In response to this crisis,nanotechnology has emerged as a hopeful solution to tackle drug resistance and enhance treatment results.A large variety of biomimetic nanomaterials,termed nanozymes,have demonstrated strong antimicrobial efficacy.While the inherent toxicity of nanomaterials is a concern,recent studies have harnessed the stimuli-responsiveness of nanomaterials to enable local and/or targeted delivery to reduce the treatment side effects.Indeed,the physicochemical versatility of nanomaterials affords many degrees of freedom that enable rational design of smart or autonomous therapeutics,which cannot be achieved using conventional antibiotics.The design straddles the fields of catalysis,nanoscience,microbiology,and translational medicine.To provide an overview of this interdisciplinary landscape,this review is organized based on composition into lipid,metal,metal oxide,and non-metallic nanomaterials.Liposomes as a delivery vehicle enhance bioavailability and reduce toxicity.Metal-and metal oxide-based nanomaterials inhibit bacterial growth by mimicking natural enzymatic activities such as peroxidase(POD)and oxidase.Furthermore,carbon-,polymer-,and cell membrane-based nanomaterials are combined into a discussion on non-metallic materials.At the end of this review,potentially fruitful directions for future bioinspired nanomaterials in infectious disease treatment are included.

关键词： bioinspired nanomaterial bacteria infectious disease antimicrobial liposome nanozyme

Benefit-Risk Assessment of Chinese Medicine Injections for Primary Liver Cancer Based on Multi-criteria Decision Analysis

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第6期30卷 559-564页

作者： ZHANG rong-rong SHAO Ming-yi FU Yu ZHAO Rui-xia WANG Jing-wen FANG Yu-xuan The First Clinical Medical College of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou450046China Personal Department the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese MedicineZhengzhou450000China Scientific Research Department the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese MedicineZhengzhou450000China Digestive Department the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese MedicineZhengzhou450000China

ObjectiveTo evaluate the benefit-risk of 3 commonly used Chinese medicine injections, Aidi Injection (ADI), Cinobufagin Injection (CINI) and Compound Kushen Injection (CKI), in the treatment of primary liver cancer (PLC), so as to provide a reference for clinical decision-making.MethodsRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) of ADI, CINI and CKI in the treatment of PLC published in the databases of China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, China Science and Technology Journal Database, SinoMed, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were retrieved from January 2020 to October 2022. The data of benefit and risk indicators were combined to obtain the effect value. The multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) model was applied to build the decision tree. The benefit value, risk value and benefit risk value of the 3 injections in PLC treatment were calculated. Monte Carlo simulation was carried out to calculate the 95% confidence interval and probability of differences among the 3 injections, so as to optimize the evaluation results.ResultsA total of 71 RCTs were included. The benefit values of ADI, CINI and CKI combined with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) were 42, 38 and 36, respectively. The risk values were 42, 25 and 37, respectively. The benefit risk values were 42, 31 and 37, respectively. The benefit risk differences of ADI vs. CINI, ADI vs. CKI, and CKI vs. CINI were 11 (−0.86, 17.75), 5 (−5.01, 11.09), and 6 (−1.87, 12.63), respectively. The probability that ADI superior to CINI, ADI superior to CKI, and CKI superior to CINI was 96.26%, 77.27%, and 92.62%, respectively.ConclusionBased on the results of MCDA model, CINI combined with TACE has the greatest risk in the treatment of the PLC. Considering the efficacy and safety, the possible priority of the 3 Chinese medicine injections combined with TACE in the treatment of PLC is ADI, CKI and CINI.

关键词： multi-criteria decision analysis benefit-risk assessment Chinese medicine injections primary livercancer

Transcriptome sequencing reveals novel biomarkers and immune cell infiltration in esophageal tumorigenesis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1500-1513页

作者： Jian-rong Sun Dong-Mei Chen rong Huang Rui-Tao Wang Li-Qun Jia School of Clinical Medicine Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100029China Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Oncology China-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing 100029China

BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)is one of the most common malignancies worldwide,and its development comprises a multistep process from intraepithelial neoplasia(IN)to carcinoma(CA).However,the critical regulators and underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown.AIM To explore the genes and infiltrating immune cells in the microenvironment that are associated with the multistage progression of ESCC to facilitate diagnosis and early intervention.METHODS A mouse model mimicking the multistage development of ESCC was established by providing warter containing 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide(4NQO)to C57BL/6 mice.Moreover,we established a control group without 4NQO treatment of mice.Then,transcriptome sequencing was performed for esophageal tissues from patients with different pathological statuses,including low-grade IN(LGIN),high-grade IN(HGIN),and CA,and controlled normal tissue(NOR)samples.Differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were identified in the LGIN,HGIN,and CA groups,and the biological functions of the DEGs were analyzed via Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses.The CIBERSORT algorithm was used to detect the pattern of immune cell infilt-ration.Immunohistochemistry(IHC)was also conducted to validate our results.Finally,the Luminex multiplex cytokine analysis was utilized to measure the serum cytokine levels in the mice.RESULTS Compared with those in the NOR group,a total of 681541,and 840 DEGs were obtained in the LGIN,HGIN,and CA groups,respectively.Using the intersection of the three sets of DEGs,we identified 86 genes as key genes involved in the development of ESCC.Enrichment analysis revealed that these genes were enriched mainly in the keratinization,epidermal cell differentiation,and interleukin(IL)-17 signaling pathways.CIBERSORT analysis revealed that,compared with those in the NOR group,M0 and M1 macrophages in the 4NQO group showed stronger infiltration,which was validated by IHC.Serum cytokine analysis revealed that,compared with those i

关键词： Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Intraepithelial neoplasia Tumorigenesis Transcriptome sequencing Biomarkers Immune cell infiltration 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxid

Maximal operators of pseudo-differential operators with rough symbols

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2024年第1期39卷 174-180页

作者： Ramla Benhamoud ZHU Xiang-rong School of Mathematical Sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China

Consider a pseudo-differential operator T_(a)f(x)=∫_(R^(n))e^(ix,ζ)a(x,ζ)f(ζ)dζwhere the symbol a is in the rough Hormander class L^(∞)S_(ρ)^(m)with m∈R andρ∈[0,1].In this note,when 1≤p≤2,if n(ρ-1)/p and a∈L^(∞)S_(ρ)^(m),then for any f∈S(R^(n))and x∈R^(n),we prove that M(T_(a)f)(x)≤C(M(|f|^(p))(x))^(1/p) where M is the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator.Our theorem improves the known results and the bound on m is sharp,in the sense that n(ρ-1)/p can not be replaced by a larger constant.

关键词： pseudo-differential operator rough Hormander class H-L maximal operator

Coupled conditional nonlinear optimal perturbations and their application to ENSO ensemble forecasts

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第3期67卷 826-842页

作者： Wansuo DUAN Lei HU rong FENG LASG Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Limitations are existed in current ensemble forecasting initial perturbation methods for describing the interactions among various spheres of the Earth system. In this study, a new method is proposed, namely, the coupled conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation(C-CNOP) method, which incorporates multisphere interactions much appropriately. The El Nino-Southern Oscillation(ENSO) is a typical ocean-atmosphere “coupling”(or “interaction”) phenomenon. The C-CNOP method is applied to ensemble forecasting of ENSO. It is demonstrated that the C-CNOP method can generate coupled initial perturbations(CPs) that appropriately consider initial ocean-atmosphere coupling uncertainty for ENSO ensemble forecasts. Results reveal that the CPs effectively improve the ability of ENSO ensemble-mean forecasts in both temporal variability of Nio3.4 sea surface temperature anomalies(SSTAs) and spatial variability of ENSO mature-phase SSTAs. Notably, despite the weakest ocean-atmosphere coupling strength in the tropical Pacific occurring during the boreal spring and summer, CPs still capture the uncertainties of this weak coupling when ENSO predictions are initialized at these seasons. This performance of CPs significantly suppresses the rapid increase of ENSO prediction errors due to the high ocean-atmosphere coupling instability during these seasons, and thus effectively extends the lead time of skillful ENSO forecasting. Hence, the C-CNOP method is a suitable initial perturbation approach for ENSO ensemble forecast that can describe initial ocean-atmosphere coupling uncertainty. It is expected that the CCNOP method plays a significant role in predictions of other high-impact climate phenomena, and even future Earth system predictions.

关键词： Ensemble forecast Multisphere interaction Initial perturbations ENSO

A passive sampler for synchronously measuring inorganic and organic pollutants in sediment porewater:Configuration and field application

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 201-212页

作者： Pei Lei Mingying Chen Nan rong Wenzhong Tang Hong Zhang School of Environment Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China South China Institute of Environmental Sciences Ministry of Ecology and EnvironmentGuangzhou 510530China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control Guangzhou 510530China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

In situ measurement of multiple pollutants coexisting in sediment porewater is an essential step in comprehensively assessing the bioavailability and risk of pollutants,but to date,this needs to be better developed.In this study,a passive sampler,consisting of an“I-shaped”supporting frame and inorganic/organic sampling units,incorporating equilibrium dialysis theory and kinetic/equilibrium sorption principle,was developed for the synchronous measurement of inorganic(e.g.,phosphorus and metal(loid)s)and organic pollutants(e.g.,parent and substituted PAHs).The equilibrium time and sampling rates were explored in laboratory tests to support in situ application.Profiles of pollutants in porewater within a vertical resolution of centimeters,i.e.,1 cm and 2 cm for inorganic and organic pollutants,respectively,were obtained by field deployment of the sampler for further estimation of diffusive fluxes across the sediment-water interface.The results suggested that the role of sediments for a specific pollutant may change(e.g.,from“sink”to“source”)during the sampling time.This study demonstrated the feasibility of synchronous measurement of inorganic and organic pollutants in sediment porewater by the passive sampler.In addition,it provided new insight for further investigation into the combined pollution effects of various pollutants in sediments.

关键词： Passive sampling Bioavailability Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Combined pollution Diffusive flux