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CONTRASTING ETHNIC INTEGRATION AND ASSIMILATION

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Beijing Review 2024年第44期67卷 18-19页

作者： ma rong Peking University

Some Western scholars have criticized China's integration-oriented ethnic policies and compared them to the assimilation policies that the West used to ***,those familiar with the development of China's ethnic policies can assert that the country's promotion of ethnic integration does not seek to eliminate ethnic boundaries,erase ethnic differences or pursue"ethnic assimilation."Instead,it is based on the conscious,voluntary and autonomous participation of all ethnic groups to share strengths,complement each other's weaknesses and benefit *** approach not only conforms to historical patterns but also meets current needs.

关键词： assimilation eliminate promotion

Imbalance of osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand and oxidative stress in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome

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Chinese Medical Journal 2019年第1期132卷 25-29页

作者： Xiao-rong ma Yong Wang Yong-Chang Sun Department of Respiratory Medicine Beijing Shijitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100038China Department of Respiratory Medicine Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100730China

Background:Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is associated with a higher prevalence of ***,the underlying mechanisms linking OSAHS with bone loss are still *** aim of this study was to investigate the changes of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL,an osteoclastogenesis-promoting factor) and osteoprotegerin (OPG,the decoy receptor for RANKL),oxidative stress and bone metabolism markers in OSAHS,in order to understand the potential mechanisms underlying bone loss in OSAHS ***:Forty-eight male patients with OSAHS,confirmed by polysomnography (PSG) study,were *** male subjects who were confirmed as not having OSAHS served as the *** subjects’bone mineral density (BMD) was assessed in lumbar spine and femoral neck using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).Blood samples were collected from all subjects for measurement of RANKL,OPG,the bone formation marker bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP),the bone resorption marker tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRAP-5b),and total antioxidant capacity (TAOC).Results:The BMD and the T-score of the femoral neck and the lumbar spine were significantly lower in OSAHS patients as compared to the control group (P 0.05).The serum level of OPG and the OPG/RANKL ratio were lower in the OSAHS group compared to the control group (bothP< 0.05).TAOC level was also decreased significantly in the OSAHS group (P< 0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the TAOC level was positively correlated with BAP in the OSAHS group (r= 0.248,P= 0.04),but there were no correlations between TAOC and the BMD or the *** correlations between the level of OPG (or the OPG/RANKL ratio) and BMD or TAOC did not re

关键词： Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome Osteoporosis Receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand Oxidative stress

Flexible mica films for high-temperature energy storage

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Journal of materiomics 2018年第3期4卷 173-178页

作者： Xinwei Xu Wenlong Liu Yi Li Yifei Wang Qibin Yuan Jie Chen rong ma Feng Xiang Hong Wang State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of materials&School of Electronic and Information Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China Department of materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Dielectrics used for energy storage are highly desired for power electronics and pulse power applications and the polymer capacitors are the main commercial ones *** development of flexible electronics and wearable devices require the relative materials being ***,high temperature resistance is also desired because of the rising demand for high power devices and large electricity under elevated *** polymer dielectrics for polymer capacitors are flexible but with relatively low working temperature normally less than 100℃.Therefore,fabricating a dielectric material to satisfy the flexibility and high working temperature simultaneously is still a great *** we propose one solution by demonstrating a hand-exfoliated fluorophlogopite film with micrometer scale *** which,the mica film with a thickness of around 10μm(Mica-10)exhibits the inorganic-like temperature stability even polymer-like *** 25℃to 200℃,Mica-10 has an energy density of around 11.27 J/cm^(3)with a variation within 2%,accompanied by a charge-discharge efficiency of around 95%at an electric field of 500 MV/***,the thin thickness makes Mica-10 flexible,enabling its excellent flexibility and *** work revives the traditional material,mica,providing a way for high-temperature energy storage applications.

关键词： Dielectric Mica Energy storage High temperature Flexible

Numerical simulation of microstructure evolution and microsegregation of U-Nb alloy during solidification process

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China Foundry 2017年第5期14卷 412-415页

作者： Bin Su Zhi-qiang Han Hong-zhang Deng rong ma Dong Chen Jun Wu Zhen-hong Wang Institute of materials China Academy of Engineering Physics Key Laboratory for Advanced materials Processing Technology(Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua University

In this work, a cellular automaton model has been developed to simulate the microstructure evolution of U-Nb alloy during the solidification process. The preferential growth orientation, solute redistribution in both liquid and solid, solid/liquid interface solute conservation, interface curvature and the growth anisotropy were considered in the model. The model was applied to simulate the dendrite growth and Nb microsegregation behavior of U-5.5 Nb alloy during solidification, and the predicted results showed a reasonable agreement with the experimental results. The effects of cooling rates on the solidification microstructure and composition distribution of U-5.5 Nb were investigated by using the developed model. The results show that with the increase of the cooling rate, the average grain size decreases and the Nb microsegregation increases.

关键词： U-Nb alloy microsegregation microstructure cellular automaton numerical simulation

Azocalixarenes: a scaffold of universal excipients with high efficiency

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1697-1706页

作者： Yu-Xin Yue Yi-Lin Lin Meng-Meng Chen Han-Wen Tian rong ma Ze-Han Wang Fang-Yuan Chen Yu-Chen Pan Dong-Sheng Guo College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic ChemistryKey Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials(Ministry of Education)Frontiers Science Center for New Organic MatterCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Tianjin)Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

Excipients are important components of pharmaceutical preparations that affect their quality, safety, and efficacy. macrocyclic receptors are a family of supramolecular excipients with several advantages, including molecular-level protection, small sizes,fast kinetics of host-guest recognition, and modular construction. With the continuous advances in the medical field, personalized and precision medicine requires the development of excipients with low dosages, integrated modifying effects, universality,and controlled release. To meet these requirements, we have developed a new family of macrocyclic excipients based on calixarenes by integrating their covalent(broad chemical design space) and noncovalent(wide range of substrates) ***, azocalixarenes(Azo CAs) were designed, showing high binding affinities to a broad spectrum of active pharmaceutical ingredients(APIs), selectivity to interferents, and responsiveness to hypoxic microenvironments. Due to their highly efficient and controllable recognition, Azo CAs serve as low-dose excipients for 30 APIs. Molecular encapsulation by Azo CAs results in the integrated modification of the physicochemical properties of APIs, including solubility, stability, bioavailability,and biocompatibility. Moreover, Azo CAs can be reduced by azoreductases overexpressed in hypoxic microenvironments,leading to the controlled release of APIs. Collectively, Azo CA excipients have broad application prospects for a series of diseases such as enteritis, arthritis, stroke, cancer, bacterial infection and kidney injury, with diverse therapeutic modalities,including chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, immunotherapy, boron neutron capture therapy, radiotherapy, fluorescence imaging, and their combinations.

关键词： supramolecular chemistry host-guest systems excipient calixarene molecular recognition

Changes in air temperature over China in response to the recent global warming hiatus

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2019年第4期29卷 496-516页

作者： DU Qinqin ZHANG Mingjun WANG Shengjie CHE Cunwei ma rong ma Zhuanzhuan College of Geography and Environmental Science Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070China

The 1998–2012 global warming hiatus has aroused great public interest over the past several years. Based on the air temperature measurements from 622 meteorological stations in China, the temperature response to the global warming hiatus was analyzed at national and regional scales. We found that air temperature changed –0.221℃/10 a during 1998–2012, which was lower than the long-term trend for 1960–1998 by 0.427℃/10 a. Therefore, the warming hiatus in China was more pronounced than the global mean. Winter played a dominant role in the nationwide warming hiatus, contributing 74.13%, while summer contributed the least among the four seasons. Furthermore, the warming hiatus was spatial heterogeneous across different climate conditions in China. Comparing the three geographic zones, the monsoon region of eastern China, arid region of northwestern China, and high frigid region of the Tibetan Plateau, there was significant cooling in eastern and northwestern China. In eastern China, which contributed 53.79%, the trend magnitudes were 0.896℃/10 a in winter and 0.134℃/10 a in summer. In the Tibetan Plateau, air temperature increased by 0.204℃/10 a, indicating a lack of a significant warming hiatus. More broadly, the warming hiatus in China may have been associated with the negative phase of PDO and reduction in sunspot numbers and total solar radiation. Finally, although a warming hiatus occurred in China from 1998 to 2012, air temperature rapidly increased after 2012 and will likely to continuously warm in the next few years.

关键词： global warming hiatus three geographic zones temperature China

Effects of Electromagnetic Pulse on Bone Metabolism of Mice in vivo

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2009年第6期22卷 518-521页

作者： KANG-CHU LI SHI-rong ma GUI-rong DING YAO GUO GuO-ZHEN GUO Department of Radiation Medicine Fourth Military Medical University Xi 'an 710032 Shaanxi China Department of Pathology Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an 710032 Shaanxi China

Objective To study the effects of electromagnetic pulse （EMP） on bone metabolism of mice in vivo. Methods Twenty-four male BALB/c mice were divided into a control group and 2 experimental groups （n=8）. The whole-body of mice in experimental groups were exposed to 50 kV/m and 400kV/m EMP, 400 pulses daily for 7 consecutive days at 2 seconds intervals. Alkaline phosphotase （ALP） activity, serum calcium concentration and osteocalcin level and trabecular bone volume （BV/TV, %） were measured immediately after EMP exposure by biochemical, ELISA and morphological methods. Results The ALP activity, serum calcium concentration and osteocalcin level and BV/TV in experimental groups remained unchanged after EMP exposure. Conelusion Under our experimental conditions, EMP exposure cannot affect bone metabolism of mice in vivo.

关键词： Electromagnetic pulse Alkaline phosphotase Serum calcium Osteocalcin Trabecular bone volume

Transformation of berberine to its demethylated metabolites by the CYP51 enzyme in the gut microbiota

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2021年第5期11卷 628-637页

作者： Zheng-Wei Zhang Lin Cong Ran Peng Pei Han Shu-rong ma Li-Bin Pan Jie Fu Hang Yu Yan Wang Jian-Dong Jiang State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100050China

Berberine(BBR)is an isoquinoline alkaloid extracted from Coptis chinensis that improves diabetes,hyperlipidemia and *** to the low oral bioavailability of BBR,its mechanism of action is closely related to the gut *** study focused on the CYP51 enzyme of intestinal bacteria to elucidate a new mechanism of BBR transformation by demethylation in the gut microbiota through multiple analytical ***,the docking of BBR and CYP51 was performed;then,the pharmacokinetics of BBR was determined in ICR mice in vivo,and the metabolism of BBR in the liver,kidney,gut microbiota and single bacterial strains was examined in ***,16S rRNA analysis of ICR mouse feces indicated the relationship between BBR and the gut ***,recombinant *** containing cyp51 gene was constructed and the CYP51 enzyme lysate was induced to *** metabolic characteristics of BBR were analyzed in the CYP51 enzyme lysate *** results showed that CYP51 in the gut microbiota could bind stably with BBR,and the addition of voriconazole(a specific inhibitor of CYP51)slowed down the metabolism of BBR,which prevented the production of the demethylated metabolites thalifendine and *** study demonstrated that CYP51 promoted the demethylation of BBR and enhanced its intestinal absorption,providing a new method for studying the metabolic transformation mechanism of isoquinoline alkaloids in vivo.

关键词： Berberine Biotransformation Gut microbiota CYP51 Demethylated metabolite

Cardiac ablation by transesophageal high intensity focused ultrasound

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Chinese Medical Journal 2010年第17期123卷 2451-2453页

作者： JIANG Chen-xi YU rong-hui ma Chang-sheng Department of Cardiology/Atrial Fibrillation Center Beijing Anzhen Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100029 China

Cardiac ablation is an important modality of invasive therapy in modem cardiology, especially in the treatment of arrhythmias, as well as other diseases such as hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy （HOCM）. Since Huang et alI used radiofrequency （RF） to ablate canine atrial ventricular junction, RF has developed into the leading energy source in catheter ablation of arrhythmias. However, there are several limitations associated with RF ablation, one of which is that it requires good contact and the depth of the lesion formed is usually limited. Thus, it is often very difficult to ablate arrhythmias originated at the epicardium with a routine endocardial RF delivery.

关键词： transesophageal high intensity focused ultrasound ablation