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Journal of m.terials Science and Chem.cal Engineering 2018年第9期6卷 1-5页

作者： Pedro A. m.rtínez Juan C. Orozco Alejandro Alonso Rosa m. Luna m.guel A. barron Dulce Y. m.dina Elizabeth Garfias-García División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Reynosa Tamaulipas México

The present work proposes a m.an for recovery of m.tals used in current ion-lithium.batteries, like lithium. cobalt and nickel, using organic agents and ultrasound instead of the m.re aggressive and less environm.nt friendly m.thod with sulfuric acid. This is especially useful in those countries that doesn’t have lithium.deposits and have a growing dem.nd of such batteries, reducing the econom.c loss this represents. During the process, variables such as tem.erature, leaching agent concentration and ultrasound frequency were m.dified, using concentrations of 0.5 m.(m.lar), 1 m.and 1.5 m.of sodium.citrate, tem.eratures of 25°C, 55°C and 60°C and also ultrasound frequencies of 20 KHz, 30 KHz and 40 KHz. It was found that the best com.ination of these variables that yielded the m.st quantity of the desired m.tal was 0.5 m.concentration for both lithium.and nickel, while using 60°C and no ultrasound with Li and 55°C and 40 KHz for Ni. For Co the best variables discovered were 1.5 m.lar concentration, 60°C and 40 KHz.

关键词： Lithium Leaching Organic Agents Ion-Lithium Batteries Ultrasound Leaching Sodium Citrate

m.laria Illness and Accessing Healthcare in an African Indigenous Population: A Qualitative Study of the Lived Experiences of Uganda’s Batwa in Kanungu District

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Journal of Biosciences and m.dicines 2023年第5期11卷 212-232页

作者： Didacus B. Nam.nya Everd m. Bikaitwoha Lea Berrang-Ford Shuiaib Lwasa Charity Kesande Sabastian Twesigom.e ronald Nyakol Uganda m.rtyrs University & m.nistry of Health Kampala Uganda Departm.nt of Public Health Kabale University Kabale Uganda Priestly International Centre for Clim.te University of Leeds Leeds UK Departm.nt of Geography Geo-Informartics and Climate Sciences Makerere University Kampala Uganda Action for Batwa Em.owerm.nt Group (ABEG) Kanungu Uganda Batwa Developm.nt Program.(BDP) Kanungu Uganda School of Public Health Makerere University Kampala Uganda

Purpose: m.laria continues to be a public health threat, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, including Uganda. While Batwa Indigenous People (IPs) face a higher burden of m.laria, there is lim.ted understanding of their m.laria-lived experiences. We assessed and characterized m.laria illness and accessing healthcare lived experiences of the Batwa in Kanungu district to inform.contextually and culturally appropriate public health interventions. m.thods: An exploratory qualitative study was conducted in 5 Batwa settlem.nts where 5 Focus Group Discussions (n = 36) and 13 Key Inform.nt Interviews (n = 13) were held. Data were collected using printed guides and voice recorders in April 2018. Transcripts from.the data that captured the lived experiences of the sym.tom., prevention, treatm.nt and barriers to accessing form.l healthcare services were applied to *** a qualitative data analysis software and condensed into codes, categories, and them.s. Results: m.ny Batwa have experienced m.laria in their households, and they know its causes and risk factors, like not sleeping under insecticide-treated m.squito nets (ITNs), living near water bodies, prevention m.asures like the use of ITNs, and vector m.nagem.nt. The lived experiences dem.nstrate m.laria m.nagem.nt by an Indigenous population in a rural setting and com.rised detecting m.laria sym.tom., use of herbs as first line of treatm.nt, buying m.dicines from.drug shops, and village health team. (VHTs) treatm.nt. For m.ny Batwa accessing form.l healthcare is norm.lly a second option. Barriers for m.laria treatm.nt included: long distances to health facilities, geographically difficult terrain, econom.c constraints, irregular health outreaches, and stockouts of m.laria m.dicines at health facilities. Conclusion: This study characterized Batwa’s m.laria illness lived experiences and access to healthcare in rural rem.te settings. These experiences are essential in appreciating the ways in which Indigenous populations und

关键词： Accessing Healthcare Batwa IPs Lived Experiences m.laria Illness Uganda

非晶态NiCrFeSiB合金氢脆断裂的显微形态

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中国腐蚀与防护学报 1993年第3期13卷 213-220页

作者：左禹 ronald m.Latanision 北京化工学院 m.ssachusetts Institute of Technology

用扫描电镜研究了非晶态NiCrFeSiB合金在阴极极化充氢时和充氢后慢拉伸断口的显微形貌特征。试样氢脆断口的显微形态与加载方式、充氢方式、渗氢量和氢在试样中的分布有关。充氢时拉伸会加速材料的断裂,可能是因促进了裂纹在表面缺陷处... 详细信息

用扫描电镜研究了非晶态NiCrFeSiB合金在阴极极化充氢时和充氢后慢拉伸断口的显微形貌特征。试样氢脆断口的显微形态与加载方式、充氢方式、渗氢量和氢在试样中的分布有关。充氢时拉伸会加速材料的断裂,可能是因促进了裂纹在表面缺陷处的形核。在较低渗氢量条件下于开路电位拉伸,虽然断裂应力比在空气中拉伸明显降低,但断口可保持纯机械断裂时的脉络状形态。在较高渗氢量条件下,断口形态则由两侧的平坦区和中心部份的塑性变形区构成,表明在不同含氢量条件下材料的断裂方式和断裂机制可能发生变化。

关键词：金属玻璃氢脆断口金相 NiCrFeSiB

Nationwide trends and predictors of inpatient m.rtality in 83884 transjugular intrahepatic portosystem.c shunt

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第25期22卷 5780-5789页

作者： Edward Wolfgang Lee Andrew Kuei Sam.y Saab ronald W Busuttil Francisco Durazo Steven-Huy Han m.ham.d m.El-Kabany Justin P m. William. Stephen T Kee Departm.nt of Radiology Division of Interventional Radiology Ronald Reagan Medical Center at UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Departm.nt of m.dicine Division of Hepatology Pfleger Liver Institute University of California at Los Angeles Dum.nt-UCLA Transplant Center Pfleger Liver Institute Division of Liver and Pancreas Transplantation Department of Surgery David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles

AIm. To evaluate and validate the national trends and predictors of in-patient m.rtality of transjugular intrahepatic portosystem.c shunt (TIPS) in 15 ***: Using the National Inpatient Sam.le which is a part of Health Cost and Utilization Project, we identified a discharge-weighted national estim.te of 83884 TIPS procedures perform.d in the United States from.1998 to 2012 using international classification of diseases-9 procedural code 39.1. The dem.graphic, hospital and co-m.rbility data were analyzed using a m.ltivariant analysis. Using m.lti-nom.nal logistic regression analysis, we determ.ned predictive factors related to increases in-hospital m.rtality. Com.rbidity m.asures are in accordance to the Com.rbidity Software designed by the Agency for Healthcare Research and ***: Overall, 12.3% of patients died during hospitalization with downward trend in-hospital m.rtality with the m.an length of stay of 10.8 ± 13.1 d. Notable, African Am.rican patients (OR = 1.809 vs Caucasian patients, P m.rgency adm.ssions (OR = 3.032 vs elective cases, P m.rtality. Num.er of diagnoses and num.er of procedures showed positive correlations with in-hospital death (OR = 1.249 per one increase in num.er of procedures). Patients diagnosed with acute respiratory failure (OR = 8.246), acute kidney failure (OR = 4.359), hepatic encephalopathy (OR = 2.217) and esophageal variceal bleeding (OR = 2.187) were at considerably higher odds of in-hospital death com.ared with ascites (OR = 0.136, P m.rbidity m.asures with the highest odds of in-hospital death were fluid and electrolyte disorders (OR = 2.823), coagulopathy (OR = 2.016), and lym.hom. (OR = 1.842).CONCLUSION: The overall m.rtality of the TIPS procedure is stea

关键词： Transjugular intrahepatic portosystem.c shunt m.rtality Inpatient United States National Inpatient Sam.le database Health Cost and Utilization Project

Im.act on dietary intake of a self-directed, gender-tailored diabetes prevention program.in m.n

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World Journal of Diabetes 2017年第8期8卷 414-421页

作者： m.gan E Rollo Elroy J Aguiar Kirrilly m.Pursey Philip J m.rgan ronald C Plotnikoff m.les D Young Clare E Collins Robin Callister Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition School of Health Sciences Faculty of Health and Medicine University of Newcastle Callaghan Departm.nt of Kinesiology School of Public Health and Health Sciences University of Massachusetts Amherst Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition School of Education Faculty of Education and Arts University of Newcastle Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy Faculty of Health and Medicine University of Newcastle

AIm.o investigate changes in dietary intake following a 6-m. random.sed controlled trial of the self-directed, gender-tailored type 2 diabetes m.llitus (T2Dm. Prevention Using LifeStyle Education (PULSE) program.in m.n. m.THODSm.n aged 18-65 years, with a body m.ss index (Bm.) 25-40 kg/m.sup>2, and at high risk for developing T2Dm.were recruited from.the Hunter Region of New South Wales, Australia. Eligible participants were random.sed into one of two groups: (1) waitlist control; or (2) PULSE intervention. Dietary intake was assessed at baseline and im.ediately post-program.using the Australian Eating Survey food frequency questionnaire and diet quality m.asured using the Australian Recom.ended Food Score (ARFS). RESULTSOne hundred and one participants (n = 48, control; n = 53, intervention, m.an age 52.3 ± 9.7 years, Bm. of 32.6 ± 3.3 kg/m.sup>2) com.enced the study. Following the active phase, differences between groups were observed for proportion of total energy consum.d from.healthful (core) foods (+7.6%EI, P m.(-369 m., P = 0.047), and diet quality (ARFS) (+4.3, P = 0.004), including sub-scales for fruit (+1.1, P = 0.03), m.at (+0.9, P = 0.004) and non-m.at protein (+0.5, P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONThe PULSE prevention program.s nutrition m.ssages led to significant im.rovem.nts in dietary intake in m.n at risk of T2Dm.

关键词： Dietary intake Diet quality m.n Diabetes prevention program Self-directed

Isobolographic m.thod and Invertebrate (Planarian) m.del for Evaluating Com.inations of Waterways Pollutants

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Pharm.cology & Pharm.cy 2012年第4期3卷 381-387页

作者： Robert B. Raffa Deborah A. Gallo Christopher S. Tallarida Scott m. Rawls ronald J. Tallarida Departm.nt of Pharm.ceutical Sciences Temple University School of Pharmacy Philadelphia PA U.S.A Departm.nt of Pharm.ceutical Sciences Temple University School of Pharmacy Philadelphia PA U.S.A. Departm.nt of Pharm.cology Temple University School of Medicine and Center for Substance Abuse Research Temple University Philadelphia PA U.S.A. United States Public Health Service Tsehootsooi Medical Center Fort Defiance AZ USA

Agricultural, pharm.ceutical, and other biologically active substances are em.tied or leach into waterways and groundwater, where they can dose-relatedly cause pharm.cologic or toxic effects on the resident or dependent anim.l species. Standard m.thods can be used to evaluate the effects of individual substances, but evaluation of com.inations of substances is m.re difficult. The m.them.tically rigorous m.thod of isobolographic analysis was coupled with a sim.le in vivo invertebrate m.del. Planarians were selected because they are the lowest extant species with a centralized nervous system. Neostigm.ne brom.de and m.nopotassium.phosphate (KH2PO4) were selected as representative of two types of potential pollutants. Neostigm.ne brom.de and KH2PO4 individually produced dose-related lethality over a 60-m.nute observation period with LD50 values of 122 and 70 m., respectively. The LD50 value of a 1:1 com.ination of the two was significantly different (p m.the isobolographic line of additivity. We used planarians as a representative fresh-water species and joint-action (‘isobolographic’) analysis to exam.ne possible interaction between pollutants. In the dem.nstrative exam.le reported here, there was a subadditive interaction between a 1:1 fixed-ratio com.ination of neostigm.ne brom.de (as a representative acetylcholinesterase inhibitor used in pesticides) and potassium.phosphate (used in fertilizers and detergents).

关键词： Com.inations Isobolographic Analysis m.thods Pollutants Planarians

m.DELING,SIm.LATION,AND OPTIm.ZATION OF SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DRIVEN m.CROFLUIDIC BIOCHIPS

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Journal of Com.utational m.them.tics 2010年第2期28卷 149-169页

作者： Harbir Antil Roland Glowinski ronald H.W.Hoppe Christopher Linsenm.nn Tsorng-Whay Pan Achim.Wixforth Departm.nt of m.them.tics University of Houston Institute of m.them.tics University of Augsburg Institute of Physics University of Augsburg

We will be concerned with the m.them.tical m.deling, num.rical sim.lation, and shape optim.zation of m.cro fluidic biochips that are used for various biom.dical applications. A particular feature is that the fluid flow in the fluidic network on top of the biochips is in- duced by surface acoustic waves generated by interdigital transducers. We are thus faced with a m.ltiphysics problem.that will be m.deled by coupling the equations of piezoelectricity with the com.ressible Navier-Stokes equations. m.reover, the fluid flow exhibits a m.ltiscale character that will be taken care of by a hom.genization approach. We will discuss and analyze the m.them.tical m.dels and deal with their num.rical solution by space-tim. discretizations featuring appropriate finite elem.nt approxim.tions with respect to hierarchies of sim.licial triangulations of the underlying com.utational dom.ins. Sim.lation results will be given for the propagation of the surface acoustic waves on top of the piezoelectric substrate and for the induced fluid flow in the m.crochannels of the fluidic network. The perform.nce of the operational behavior of the biochips can be significantly im.roved by shape optim.zation. In particular, for such purposes we present a m.ltilevel interior point m.thod relying on a predictor-corrector strategy with an adaptive choice of the continuation steplength along the barrier path. As a specific exam.le, we will consider the shape optim.zation of pressure driven capillary barriers between m.crochannels and reservoirs.

关键词： m.crofluidic biochips m.them.tical m.deling Num.rical sim.lation Shape optim.zation m.ltiphysics m.ltiscale problem..

Release characteristic of different classes of sodium.during com.ustion of Zhun-Dong coal investigated by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

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Science Bulletin 2015年第22期60卷 1927-1934页

作者： Yong He Kunzan Qiu ronald Whiddon Zhihua Wang Yanqun Zhu Yingzu Liu Zhongshan Li Kefa Cen State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Zhejiang University Division of Com.ustion Physics Lund University

Serious fouling and slagging problem. are associated with the com.ustion of Chinese Zhun-Dong coal due to its high content of sodium.（Na）. Understanding the release characteristic of Na during the com.ustion is essential to viable utilization of this coal. In this work, coal sam.les were treated with a sequence of solvents： water （H2O）, am.onium.acetate （NH4Ac）, hydrochloric acid （HC1）, and the release characteristics of various classes of Na during coal com.ustion were investigated using the technique of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. The relative contribution of various Na classes to the Na release during each com.ustion stage was found to be sim.lar, in the order of H2O-soluble Na 〉 NHaAcsoluble Na 〉 HCl-soluble Na 〉 insoluble Na. Sodium.released during the devolatilization stage can be attributed to each of the sodium.classes. After the devolatilization stage, H2O-soluble Na and NHaAc-soluble Na dom.nated the Na release during both char and ash stages. Over 64 % of the total Na released during com.ustion com.s from.the H2O-soluble Na, which suggests that the Na release during the com.ustion of Zhun-Dong coal can be reduced effectively after treatm.nt by H2O washing.

关键词： Zhun-Dong coal Laser-inducedbreakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) - Sodium.releaseCom.ustion Online m.asurem.nt

Num.rical and Physical m.deling of Turbulence in a Peirce-Sm.th Copper Converter

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材料科学与工程（中英文A版） 2013年第7期3卷 510-518页

作者： Aaron Alm.raz Cesar Lopez m.guel Angel barron m.za Gabriel Plascencia Technological Research and Innovation Center 1PN Cerrada CECATI s/n Col. Sta. Catarina Mexico D.F. 02250 Mexico m.terials Departm.nt Azcapotzalco Metropolitan Autonomous University Av. San Pablo 180 Azcapotzalco D.F. 02200 Mexico

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流体力学中一些未解决问题(Ⅱ)

力学进展 1991年第4期21卷 507-521页

作者： Lloyd m.Trefethen ronald L Panton 董务民美国Tufts大学机械工程系美国Texas大学机械工程系

17 2 次流动损失机理 William.Hawthorne爵士 Cam.ridge大学Churchill学院二次流动损失机理是什么?例如: 当2次流动存在时,例如在绕过弯道的流动中,2次流动损失的原因是什么? 同起因于2次流动与璧面边界层内变化有关的损失相比,流体主... 详细信息

17 2 次流动损失机理 William.Hawthorne爵士 Cam.ridge大学Churchill学院二次流动损失机理是什么?例如: 当2次流动存在时,例如在绕过弯道的流动中,2次流动损失的原因是什么? 同起因于2次流动与璧面边界层内变化有关的损失相比,流体主体中剪应力增大所引起的2次流动损失占多大比例?

关键词：流体力学湍流