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A Toxicological Assessment of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals Found in the BMW (Border, Midland and Western) Region of Ireland

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journal of Environmental Protection 2012年第4期3卷 304-315页

作者： Kathryn M. quinn-Hosey james j. Roche Andrew M. Fogarty Concepta A. Brougham Endocrine Disruption Group Department of Life and Physical Sciences School of Science Athlone Institute of Technology Athlone Co. Westmeath Ireland

A battery of tests was established to determine the oestrogenic, mutagenic and genotoxic potential of two categories of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), phthalates and alkylphenols. Diisononylphthalate (DINP), diethylhexylphthalate (DEHP), dibutylphthalate (DBP), diisododecylphthalate (DIDP) and 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) were oestrogenic in the yeast estrogen screen (YES) assay and potently oestrogenic in the MVLN and E-SCREEN assays at environmentally relevant concentrations. DINP and 4-NP were mutagenic in the Ames assay and also induced significant levels of unscheduled DNA synthesis and DNA strand breakage. Significant induction in the percentage of cells containing micronuclei was observed after treatment with DINP, DEHP and 4-NP. In addition, sewage effluents from sewage treatment plants (STPs) in the Border, Midlands and Western (BMW) region of Ireland were significantly oestrogenic in the YES assay. Moreover, analysis of levels of phthalates and alkylphenol identified in Irish rivers receiving treated effluent showed potent oestrogenicity in the YES assay. The proliferative and genotoxic ability of the phthalates and alkylphenol, and the oestrogenicity of the treated effluents reported here, is significant as these EDCs and EDCs within the effluent may play a role in the etiology of human abnormalities.

关键词： Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) Proliferation Transactivation Mutagenicity Genotoxicity Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) Border Midlands and Western (BMW) Region of Ireland

Mathematical applications for the management, life, and social sciences 7th ed.

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Log-Link Regression Models for Ordinal Responses

2004年

作者： ronald j. Harshbarger james j. Reynolds.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Open journal of Statistics 2013年第4期3卷 16-25页

作者： Christopher L. Blizzard Stephen j. quinn jana D. Canary David W. Hosmer Department of Public Health University of Massachusetts Amherst USA Flinders Clinical Effectiveness Flinders University Adelaide Australia Menzies Research Institute Tasmania University of Tasmania Hobart Australia

The adjacent-categories, continuation-ratio and proportional odds logit-link regression models provide useful extensions of the multinomial logistic model to ordinal response data. We propose fitting these models with a logarithmic link to allow estimation of different forms of the risk ratio. Each of the resulting ordinal response log-link models is a constrained version of the log multinomial model, the log-link counterpart of the multinomial logistic model. These models can be estimated using software that allows the user to specify the log likelihood as the objective function to be maximized and to impose constraints on the parameter estimates. In example data with a dichotomous covariate, the unconstrained models produced valid coefficient estimates and standard errors, and the constrained models produced plausible results. Models with a single continuous covariate performed well in data simulations, with low bias and mean squared error on average and appropriate confidence interval coverage in admissible solutions. In an application to real data, practical aspects of the fitting of the models are investigated. We conclude that it is feasible to obtain adjusted estimates of the risk ratio for ordinal outcome data.

关键词： Ordinal Risk Ratio Multinomial Likelihood Logarithmic Link Log Multinomial Regression Adjacent Categories Continuation-Ratio Proportional Odds Ordinal Logistic Regression

Evaluation of Stocking All Female Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides) in Alabama (USA) Ponds

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Natural Resources 2016年第6期7卷 315-325页

作者： Michael j. Maceina Steven M. Sammons ronald P. Phelps School of Fisheries Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences Auburn University Auburn Alabama USA

Excessive largemouth bass ( Micropterus salmoides ) recruitment in small impoundments leads to density-dependent growth depression, causing populations to have length distributions skewed towards smaller fish. To address this issue, we conducted three trials that evaluated stocking all female largemouth bass (F-LMB) in two small Alabama ponds (0.5 and 2.0 ha) where the drainage basin was isolated. Age-1 fish were individually identified for sex using a micro pipette inserted in the urogenital pore, tagged, and stocked at 38-40 F-LMB/ha into ponds that contained pre-established sunfish ( Lepomis spp.) populations. Female largemouth bass were collected with electrofishing, angling, and rotenone over a 2.5- to 5-year period among the three trials. Sex was correctly identified for 179 of the 180 F-LMB stocked. One male was detected in the first trial which resulted in successful largemouth bass reproduction and this trial was terminated after two years. Growth was rapid the first 2 years after stocking as 3-year-old fish reached an average of 429 to 459 mm and 1.37 to 1.66 kg in all 3 trials. However, 2 years after stocking, growth was nil in the second trial even though relative weights of F-LMB were generally greater than 100. In this second trial, removal of about 30% of the F-LMB inhabiting the pond and stocking small Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (25 - 75 mm) resulted in average weights increasing from 1.30 to 2.34 kg in 1 year. Growth of F-LMB continued in the third trail, and average size approached 500 mm and 2.2 kg three years after stocking. Annual survival rates of F-LMB were high and ranged from 0.78 to 0.93 among the 3 trials. Stocking F-LMB offers an attractive alternative in ponds to create a low density largemouth bass population that displays fast growth and high survival when catch-and-release fishing is primarily practiced.

关键词： Largemouth Bass Relative Weight Growth Survival Ponds Program MARK

Evolving paradigms in biological carbon cycling in the ocean

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National Science Review 2018年第4期5卷 481-499页

作者： Chuanlun Zhang Hongyue Dang Farooq Azam ronald Benner Louis Legendre Uta Passow Luca Polimene Carol Robinson Curtis A.Suttle Nianzhi jiao Department of Ocean Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Institute of Marine Microbes and Ecospheres College of Ocean and Earth Sciences Xiamen University Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California San Diego Department of Biological Sciences and School of the Earth Ocean and EnvironmentUniversity of South Carolina Sorbonne Université Laboratoired' Océanographie de Villefranche LOV 6. Marine Science Institute University of California Santa Barbara 7. Plymouth Marine Laboratory 8. School of Environmental SciencesUniversity of East Anglia 9. Departments of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric SciencesBotany and Microbiology and Immunology and the Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries University of British Columbia

Carbon is a keystone element in global biogeochemical *** plays a fundamental role in biotic andabiotic processes in the ocean,which intertwine to mediate the chemistry and redox status of carbon in the ocean and the *** interactions between abiotic and biogenic carbon(***2,Ca CO3,organic matter)in the ocean are complex,and there is a half-century-old enigma about the existence of a huge reservoir of recalcitrant dissolved organic carbon(RDOC)that equates to the magnitude of the pool of atmospheric *** concepts of the biological carbon pump(BCP)and the microbial loop(ML)shaped our understanding of the marine carbon *** more recent concept of the microbial carbon pump(MCP),which is closely connected to those of the BCP and the ML,explicitly considers thesignificance of the ocean’s RDOC reservoir and provides a mechanistic framework for the exploration of its formation and *** of the MCP has benefited from advanced‘omics’and novel research in biological oceanography and microbial *** need to predict the ocean’sresponse to climate change makes an integrative understanding of the BCP,ML and MCP a high *** this review,we summarize and discuss progress since the proposal of the MCP in 2010 and formulate research questions for the future.

关键词： biological carbon pump microbial loop microbial carbon pump ocean carbon cycle global climate change

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咨询委员会关键比对导则

现代计量测试 1998年第5期6卷 58-62页

作者： T.j.quinn

咨询委员会关键比对导则Ｔ．Ｊ．Ｑｕｉｎｎ起草于１９９８年５月１．引言关键比对由咨询委员会（ＣＣ）选择、实施和评定。ＣＣ所采用程序（包括比对的详细技术方案和比对周期）的设计应确保：●比对所需的测试涉及相应领域的一切主要... 详细信息

咨询委员会关键比对导则Ｔ．Ｊ．Ｑｕｉｎｎ起草于１９９８年５月１．引言关键比对由咨询委员会（ＣＣ）选择、实施和评定。ＣＣ所采用程序（包括比对的详细技术方案和比对周期）的设计应确保：●比对所需的测试涉及相应领域的一切主要技术；●比对结果清楚而明确；●比对...

关键词：比对导则计量学关键比对传递标准器

双任务中内隐运动技能学习对提高保持成绩的作用(英文)

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天津体育学院学报 2009年第2期24卷 138-141页

作者：赖勤 ronald j．Benedict Xiaofen D．Keating Attila j．Kovacs Wayne State University Detroit MI ( USA ) University of Texas at Austin TX ( USA ) Texas A＆M University TX (USA)

本实验研究的目的是,调查在双任务条件下一个运动系列能否被不觉察地掌握,内隐学习是否比外显学习更有效地增加保持。36名实验对象被随机分为内隐学习组或外显学习组。要求所有被试通过敲击一个键盘上的F和j键,来移动计算机屏幕上的横杆... 详细信息

本实验研究的目的是,调查在双任务条件下一个运动系列能否被不觉察地掌握,内隐学习是否比外显学习更有效地增加保持。36名实验对象被随机分为内隐学习组或外显学习组。要求所有被试通过敲击一个键盘上的F和j键,来移动计算机屏幕上的横杆,去接住一个下落的小球。一个固定的5种小球下落曲线的系列被安插在每组15次练习的中段。同时,实验参加者需要数每组练习中的所听到的嘟嘟声的数目,以作为第二项任务。在掌握该技能后的24小时进行3次保持测验。ANOVA分析发现固定小球下落曲线段的接球成绩随着练习的增加而提高,但是练习对随机段没有作用。尽管两种练习条件下,运动技能学习成绩没有差异,但内隐学习组比外显学习组在模拟接球的保持测试和第二项任务中表现较准确。这些结果显示内隐学习是一个改善运动技能长期记忆的有效手段,并且与外显学习相比,它在练习中占用较少的认知资源。

关键词：运动学习内隐学习模拟接球

Business Ricky W. Griffin, ronald j. Ebert 6th ed.

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The Utility of Procalcitonin as a Biomarker to Limit the Duration of Antibiotic Therapy in Adult Sepsis Patients

2002年

作者： Ricky W. Griffin ronald j. Ebert

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Surgical Science 2014年第8期5卷 342-353页

作者： ronald S. Chamberlain Brian j. Shayota Carl Nyberg Prasanna Sridharan Department of Surgery Saint Barnabas Medical Center Livingston USA

Introduction: With rising global antibiotic resistance, stewardship programs aimed at controlling multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens have begun to gain acceptance. These programs stress appropriate antibiotic selection, dosage and duration. A growing literature suggests serum procalcitonin (PCT) levels may be useful in guiding antibiotic duration and de-escalation. This report sought to evaluate the evidence-based data available from prospective randomized controlled trials (RCT) on the role of PCT in guiding reductions in antibiotic duration in adult sepsis patients. Methods: A comprehensive search of all published prospective RCT(s) on the use of PCT as a tool for guiding antibiotic therapy in adult sepsis patients was conducted using PubMed, Medline Plus and Google Scholar (2007-2013). Keywords searched included, “procalcitonin”, “sepsis-therapy”, “sepsis biomarker”, “antibiotic duration”, “drug de-escalation”, and “antimicrobial stewardship”. Results:?Four RCT(s) involving 826 adult sepsis patients have evaluated the role of serum PCT levels to guide criteria for cessation of antibiotic therapy based either on specific PCT levels or PCT kinetics. Bouadma?et al.?(N = 621) stopped antibiotics when the PCT concentration was 1 ng/mL. The PCT arm showed a 2-day reduction in antibiotics. Finally, Nobre?et al.?(N = 68) stopped antibiotics when PCT levels decreased by 90% or more from the initial value, but not prior to Day 3 (if baseline PCT measured <1 μg/

关键词： Procalcitonin Sepsis Therapy Sepsis Biomarker Antibiotic Duration Antibiotic De-Escalation Antimicrobial Stewardship